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La contribution des analyses pétrographiques à l’étude des épaves à dolia. Les dolia de l’épave Ouest Giraglia 2 et de quelques autres épaves et sites terrestres italiens et français
No full textPetrographic thin section analyses were carried out on dolia and lids found
out in Ouest Giraglia 2 shipwreck aimed at verifying the homogeneity of the
cargo and contributing to identify the origin of the ship. Other six samples from
the shipwrecks L’Île Rousse A, Diano Marina, Grand Ribaud D et Uzorak 3
(Croatia) were analysed for a comparative study. In addition, we re-examined
all the dolia samples included in our thin section database, coming from several
shipwrecks found in the Tyrrhenian and Adriatic areas as well as from terrestrial
sites. As for the first case, we also studied samples of a few amphorae associated
with the dolia in the ships. A total of seventy-one thin sections were analysed.
This research showed a rather significant heterogeneity of the fabrics, even if the
“maritime” dolia form a quite homogeneous group, with only two exceptions.
The analysis of the lids of some dolia revealed a more complex picture. The
varied sources compared to those of the containers possibly point to more
segmented networks of wine supply and trade
Nuovi dati archeologici e archeometrici sulle anfore greco-italiche: i relitti di III secolo del Mediterraneo occidentale e la possibilità di una nuova classificazione
No full textObservations archéologiques et pétrographiques sur les cargaisons africaines du littoral corse
No full textThe importance of biomarkers in neonatology
No full textDespite a 35% decline in the mortality rate for infants aged <5 years over the past two decades, every year nearly 40% of all deaths in this age group occur in the neonatal period, defined as the first 28 days of life. New knowledge on molecular and biochemical pathways in neonatal diseases will lead to the discovery of new candidate biomarkers potentially useful in clinical practice. In the era of personalized medicine, biomarkers may play a strategic role in accelerating the decline in neonatal mortality by assessing the risk of developing neonatal diseases, by implementing tailored therapeutic treatment, and by predicting the clinical outcome. However, there is an urgent need to reduce the gap in translating newly acquired knowledge from bench to bedside. Traditional and candidate biomarkers for neonatal sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis will be discussed in this review, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), serum amyloid A (SAA), soluble form of CD14 subtype presepsin (sCD14-ST), lipolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), angiopoietins (Ang)-1 and -2, soluble form of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1), soluble form of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), platelet-activating factor (PAF) and calprotectin. New frontiers in managing critically ill newborns may be opened by metabolomics, a diagnostic tool based on the recognition of metabolites contained in biological fluids. Metabolomics represents the passage from a descriptive science to a predictive science, having the potential to translate benchtop research to real clinical benefit
Nouvelles considérations sur la cargaison de l’épave Sanguinaires A (Ajaccio, Corse du sud)
No full text
Emerging biomarkers in neonatal sepsis
No full textApproximately 30-40% of neonatal deaths are associated with bacterial infections, which often progress rapidly and result in high mortality. Because each year almost one million newborns die from infections, mostly in low-income countries, there is a need for a very early, accurate diagnosis of systemic inflammation and sepsis. On the other hand, in the era of multidrug resistance, it is mandatory to avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics to treat noninfected babies and to start the appropriate therapy in those with sepsis. Thus, rapid diagnostic test(s) that differentiate infected from noninfected newborns and surrogate biomarkers predicting outcome have the potential to significantly improve neonatal care. Various emerging biomarkers for neonatal sepsis have been recently proposed. Among these, the most promising biomarkers potentially measurable in clinical practice seem to be lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), soluble CD14 subtype presepsin (sCD14-ST) and angiopoietin-1 and -2 (ANG-1 and ANG-2, respectively). In the near future, metabolomics could offer a powerful tool to distinguish not only septic from nonseptic newborns, but also to identify without any overlap several clinical conditions associated with infections and inflammation, such as systemic inflammation, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock
NGAL and metabolomics: The single biomarker to reveal the metabolome alterations in kidney injury
Full text linkConditions affecting kidney structure and function can be considered acute or chronic, depending on their duration. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of a number of acute kidney diseases and consists of an abrupt decline in kidney function after an injury leading to functional and structural changes. The widespread availability of enabling technologies has accelerated the rate of novel biomarker discovery for kidney injury. The introduction of novel biomarkers in clinical practice will lead to better preventative and therapeutic interventions and to improve outcomes of critically ill patients. A number of biomarkers of functional change and cellular damage are under evaluation for early diagnosis, risk assessment, and prognosis of AKI. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has emerged as the most promising biomarker of kidney injury; this protein can be measured by commercially available methods in whole blood, plasma, serum, and urine. Concomitantly, metabolomics appears to be a snapshot of the chemical fingerprints identifying specific cellular processes. In this paper, we describe the role of NGAL for managing AKI and the potential benefits deriving from the combined clinical use of urine NGAL and metabolomics in kidney disease
In search of biomarkers for diagnosing and managing neonatal sepsis: the role of angiopoietins
No full textAngiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) are antagonistic ligands that bind to the extracellular domain of the Tie-2 receptor, which is almost exclusively expressed by endothelial cells. Angiopoietins can directly stimulate both endothelial cells and neutrophils for an overall proinflammatory and proangiogenic response. An increasing number of experimental and clinical studies gave evidence that in the course of sepsis the serum levels of Ang-1 and Ang-2 as well as their ratio significantly differ from those in healthy subjects, in non-septic hospitalized patients, and in patients with non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or critical illness. Further evidences have demonstrated that the magnitude of Ang-2 dysregulation correlates with the severity of sepsis and the mortality rate. Since the onset of neonatal sepsis is often subtle and the diagnosis occurs later, Ang-1 and Ang-2 appear to be very promising biomarkers for improving the diagnosis and the management of septic newborns
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