1,721,111 research outputs found
FM-UWB for communications and radar in medical applications
No full textUWB echnology is a useful and safe newtechnology in the area of wireless body
area network. There are many advantages of using UWB as a communication standard for
biomedical applications. Due to very low radiated power (−41.3 dBm/MHz), low power consumption,
good coexistence with the other existing instruments, Robustness to interference
andmultipath. Moreover, one specificUWBtechnology, namely FrequencyModulated (FM)-
UWB, has also an important advantage, which make it even more convenient for medical
applications, such as simple lowcost design (FM, no receive LO, no carrier synchronization as
in IR-UWB).UWBtechnology has been also proposed radar applications such as: Non-Invasive
Heart and Respiration Rate Monitoring; Detection of Cardiac Arrhythmias; Detection
of Pathological Respiratory Patterns, particularly in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
and Sleep Apnea; Multi-Patient Monitoring; Detection and Non-Invasive Imaging of Breast
Tumors. However, pulsed radar are mainly used for these applications. The main issue that
is addressed in this paper is the integration of sensing and communication using FM-UWB
and radar technology so that a single device can be obtained for two different operational
mode.We have show that FM-UWB as radar can meet the requirements of typical biomedical
applications such as Non-Invasive Heart and Respiration Rate Monitoring. Advantages and
challenges of this integration are shown. Future perspectives of this novel activity will be
drawn
Spatial and Material Optimization for Novel Sustainable and Radio-Frequency-Friendly Micro-Homes
No full textThe paper addresses the issue of designing a novel building that is sustainable, spatially optimized and also RF-friendly. The latter term is used to indicate that building materials guarantee good radio-signal penetration (in the range of frequencies of interest for commonly used wireless standards) and good reflection behavior indoors, thus enabling the use of innovative RF-based non-invasive human-monitoring systems that take advantage of RF-scattering-rich environments. The need for connectivity is becoming, more and more, a key inhabitant requirement. Nevertheless, so far, there are no examples of architectural designs that take into account the need for connectivity at the beginning of the design stage. As a consequence, once the house and the building material have been designed, then providing high-quality wireless connectivity services might become challenging. Therefore, the paper presents the design of a novel “house-concept” for vulnerable social groups that is made of a novel sustainable building material. Such a novel building material has been experimentally characterized in terms of dielectric properties. Simulation results have shown that such a material is not RF-friendly and solutions have been proposed to improve its RF propagation behavior and enable the use of a novel RF-sensing monitoring syste
Positioning performance of LEO mega constellations in deep urban canyon environments
No full textLack of direct line-of-sight (LOS) signals from mainstream Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in deep urban canyon environments leads to poor Positioning, Navigation and Timing (PNT) accuracy. In spite of various available techniques and solutions, the PNT accuracy is not even comparable with non-urban canyon environment. With an emergence of new applications such as autonomous driving and indoor positioning, and considering the aforementioned weakness of GNSS this research analyzes an alternative solution using Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Mega Constellations for PNT estimation. This paper compares the positioning performance in terms of Geometric Dilution of Precision (GDOP) of mainstream GNSS (GPS, Galileo) and LEO Mega Constellations (Starlink, OneWeb) by designing a Deep Urban Canyon Environment. The paper demonstrates that LEO constellations offers better GDOP due to more visible satellites at a given epoch in urban canyon with respect to GNSS
Convergence towards 4G: A novel view of integration
No full textIntegration and convergence of different access technology is a key concept of 4G systems. This integration also includes the interface among terrestrial and aero-space components, whose importance has been so far under-estimated and not deeply understood. In this paper, a layered model of the 4G integrated network vision is introduced, highlighting details about the aero-space component. The concept of integration is discussed under different viewpoints, particularly highlighing integration among aero-space segments and related services (i.e. navigation). Examples of integration scenarios identified and investigated in the frame of research programs co-funded by Italian institutions are also displayed in the paper
Rendering intelligence at physical layer for smart addressing and multiple access
No full textThe primary objective of this work is to propose a technique of wireless communication, where we render intelligence to the physical layer. We aim to realize a physical layer that can take part in some processes which is otherwise confined to higher layer signalling activities, like for example addressing of a node. For a typical closed user group type of network, we propose a multiple access mechanism and network topology which will not only eliminate the need of intelligent core network equipments in the network area , but to use this intelligent physical layer to directly reach any node over the air interface in the coverage area. This system is presence agnostic, hence the network is not aware of the exact location of the mobile node in the network area. So the mobility management process is not to be seen here. Also the network does not follow any cellular topology. This paper addresses the fundamentals behind the proposed multiple access scheme and draws out the benefits compared to the existing multiple access processes based on cellular approach
Human Bond Communications in Health: Ethical and Legal Issues
No full textThis chapter focuses on the use of human bond communication (HBC) for health
applications, in particular on the ethical and legal issues that arise. For many years, the use
of ICT in medicine was limited to allowing communications between remote patients and
doctors (telemedicine). In the last years, there has been a rapid evolution in the use of ICT in
health. The IoT framework allows a pervasive monitoring of anything around and eventually
inside us and this could really open the way to novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods
Design of a graphene-based reconfigurable intelligent surface in THz spectrum
No full textIn the quest for sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication technology, Terahertz (THz) waves have emerged as a promising technology for high-speed wireless communication systems due to their unique properties, including large bandwidth and low interference. In this context, graphene-based components play a crucial role as they offer exceptional electrical and optical properties. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of graphene-based components such as modulators, phase shifters, and antennas with a particular emphasis on reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). A graphene-based unit cell for the implementation of a multifunctional metasurface has been implemented and numerically analyzed. To show the potentiality of this structure, two approaches have been developed: a coding-based one, namely “digital” and an “analog” one based on geometrical variations of graphene's aperture
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