2 research outputs found
Scoping Reviews in Health Professions Education
No full textScoping reviews are becoming increasingly popular in Health Professions Education (HPE), offering a flexible and systematic way to explore broad questions, map the literature, and identify knowledge gaps. Unlike systematic reviews, which aim to answer focused questions, scoping reviews are ideal for topics that are complex, emerging or poorly defined. They allow educators to explore what is known about a topic, highlight areas needing further research and inform curriculum design, policy or funding decisions. This Clinical Teacher's Toolbox article introduces the purpose and defining features of scoping reviews and compares them with other common review types. We offer practical advice based on our experience of conducting scoping reviews in HPE, with step-by-step guidance on how to plan, conduct and report. Topics include choosing a suitable research question, assembling a team (including the key role of librarians), managing the review process using software tools and following established methodological frameworks (e.g., the Joanna Briggs Institute). Common challenges, such as justifying the use of scoping reviews and ensuring quality, are discussed, along with tools like the PRISMA-ScR checklist to enhance transparency. By following this guide, all involved in HPE can confidently use scoping reviews as a rigorous and adaptable method of evidence synthesis, supporting both educational research and informed decision-making for best educational practice
Cataloochee History of Mount Sterling
No full textThis “History of Mt. Sterling, N.C. and its People” was written by Jacob “Junior” Ball tells the story of the communities of Mount Sterling, Big Bend, and Cataloochee and the families who settled there before the advent of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The 295-page book contains information about lumber companies, churches, cemeteries, and includes many photographs of families and family members.l:
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·· . ... and its People . .
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by Junior Ball
Dedication
I dedicate this book to the memory of my parents, Jake
(4-25-1886 ~ 5-24-1970) and Annie (Gunter) Ball (7-12-1891 -
. 12-28-1988), they loved these mountains they called home. To
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the memory of our ancestors, those and the generations before
them who first settled this land, and to their descendants,
with the hope that each generation will honor the memories of
their heritage.
Special Thanks
I'd like to thank my wife, .Helenr who worked many long hours
helping me gather the information needed in researching and
preparing this book. Her help and dedication made it possible
for me to complete this project.
I
Acknowledgments
Most of my information and pictures has been gathered from
the people who lived in the area and participated in it's
settlement. They have preserved the memories of their ancestors,
and their own l~ ves, to pass on for future generations.
I'm sure I cannot rightfully name all the people to whom
I feel indebted ih aiding me in compiling and writing this book
about "History of Mt. Sterling 1 ,and Its People." They were most
valuable in passing on to me fir~t-hand information.
We sat and reminisced for hours on our historical past.
Some of the things I knew of and had experienced, others I'd
only heard of through stories my parents had told me.
I know I've made mistakes and misspelled words, but it was
not done intentionally, so please forgive my imperfections and
unpolished manner in writing and putting this book together.
I pay grateful recognition and owe deep gratitude to these
dear friends and family members who were so helpful to me.
Reva L. Hannah Gray, Mattie Roberts Alley, Cora Burgess
Leatherwood, Bonnie Messer Ball, Beverly Leatherwood, Stevie
and Julie Hannah, Delores White, Letha Packett Hicks, Kathleen
Phillips Miller, Beatrice Grooms Caldwell, and Alice Phillips.
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Table of Contents
I Maps
T & NC Railroad Line 1904
Champion Lumber Company Camps & Site7 1911 -1918
Mount Sterling abt. 1948
· Cataloochee Settlements 1835 - · 1.940
Mount Sterling 1996
II The Development
Crestmont, N.C. 1900
Mount Sterling I Crestmont
Waterville Dam
Tradition Dies Hard
Sutton Top Tower, Mt. Sterling, N.C.
III Churches and Cemeteries
Mount Sterling Baptist Church
War Crimes
- -Sutt-on Ceme-tery # 1
Sutton Cemetery #2
Hopkins Cemetery
John Kouscee
Phillips Cemetery
Hick's Cemetery
Green Corner Cemetery
-Little Cataloochee Church Cemetery
Hannah Cemetery
The McGee's of McGee Branch
Cemeteries
Bishop Francis Asbury
IV Civic Development
Doctors
Diseases
Civilian Conservation Corps
V Education
Cataloochee School I Mt. sterling School
Mt. Sterling ••• Last One Room School
Mount Sterling School
~t. Sterling Teens
Vm Early Settlers and Their Descendants
Mattie (Roberts) Alley
"The Fighting Hopkins"
Benjamin Parker Hopkins
Harriett Hopkins I Woodville Hopkins
Lewis E. & Alice (Burns) Phillips
Jason & Rilda (Smith) ~hite
Ervin Messer Family
Lawrence & Beatrice White
Mitchell Sutton Family
William Rufus & Hester Messer
Della Hester Messer
Ernest & Annie (Messer) White
Ulous (Ulys) Harvey
Jonas (Tobe) & Sally (Sutton) Phillips
Calloat (Leatherwood) Moore I Charlie Moore
James "Jack" Redmond
Jenkins & Phillips
Bartley R. & Polly Ann Phillips
Levi Sutton
Ben & Nola Frazier
Arthur Phillips Family
~ake & Annie Ball
~artley (Bart) & Dolla (Dolly) McGaha
Dunior & Helen (Cody) Ball
Hardy & Martha (Ball) Phillips
Kathleen (Phillips) Miller
Dallas & Eva (Horner) Ball
Scott Ball
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Rufus & Golda (Ball) McGaha I Dan & Bonnie (Frazier) Ball
Jimmy & Bethona (Ball) Smith
Arvis & Belva (Ball) Carver
Cataloochee Families
John Jackson Hannah
Caldwell I Cook
William (Will) G.B. & Rachel (Cook) Messer
,Samuel McGaha
Samuel, Robert, & Isaac McGaha
Big Bend
Bend of the River
Oliver & Letha Hicks
McGaha Family
Warren Gamaliel Leatherwood
Ralph & Agnes (Leatherwood) Hannah
James (Jim) Samuel Leatherwood III
Frank & Etta (Leatherwood) stalhman·
_Everett Ray & Vera (Leatherwood) Mull
Bud Messer Family
Samuel Leatherwood & Tirza Haynes
Edward A. Leatherwood
Henry & Eliza (Caldwell) Grooms
Mail Order Groom
Nancy (Harrell) & Edward A. Leatherwood
Samuel & Prudence (Sisk) Leatherwood
Hiram & Cora Leatherwood
Sutton I Leatherwood
VIII Natural Resources and Social Development
Apples
The Cost Of Living
"World's Largest Chestnut Tree"
Names and Their Origins I Family Names
Did You Know?
Preserving Our Past
This book was researched and written during the months of
January 1996 to June J,. 1996. In doing this book T've gather.ed
only history about the Mt. Sterling, Big Bend, and Cataloochee
areas and the families who settled them. During this time I
tried to contact everyone possible to obtain information for
this book. I've tried to mention all of the families I could
remember or have been told about. I know I've missed some
families throughout the area, but it was not done intentionally.
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CA.TA.LOOCHE:E: SE:TTLe'.MENTS
1835-194.0
Haywood County,N C
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Crestmont, N.C. 1900
Inthe early 1900's Crestmont was .a pretty good sized sawmill
town. The town was nestled in <3. little valley surrounded by .
th~ mountai ns at Mt. Sterling, N.C.
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.,; Crestmont had two hotels, boarding_ houses, a club house,
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church, school, movie theat~r, a big commissary, a barber -
novelty shop, a box factory;; a sawmill, plus the many houses
{·_
for the people.
The Tennessee- North caroliqa (T & ~C), or peavine railroad
as it was called, operated from <;1 small company with two
divisions. One was in Tennessee ;it ran ;from Newport to Crestmont
and took 8 hours to make the 21 pt;i..le trip, it made· one round
trip a day. Another .was in Nor th· -Faro1ina. and :ran from Canton
· to Sunburst, which was about a 15.-.mile trip.
The T & NC serviced the logg...,i .. ng -c...o mmunities in the area • ' , ..
After the timber was _cut;and remp~y~(} from the. mountains the
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company disbanded in the · late · 1 _ 9~lf1 s .. ,.
only a few traces such as ~ a.: co·rner stone of a house, or :<'·
. ·_ ._ · . • I . :: . < ',.< .. · ·.
old portion of the foundation of th\9 .railroad bridge, can: · sti l l
be found~ This is all that tema:i ris - Of Crestmont, , .which was once
. '• . .-··
.· a thriving town, but has long vali;i$hed. ' . ·.. ;.-.... · . ' .
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1st. row- 3rd. person Frank White
4th. Jason White, 5th. Vick Smith
Back row 2nd.Burn Leatherwood,
5th. Charlie Hannah, 6th. Wade
White
Crestmont, North Carolina 1 91 0
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Mount Sterling Depot
Mount.· Sterling I Crestmont
five miles upriver from Hartford, Tennessee is Mt. Sterling,
North Carolina (also called -Waterville since Carolina Power
and Light Company started operation}. The story about how Mt.
Sterling is said to have gotten its name has been .handed down
through the generations. Thomas McGaha told how as a boy he'd
stand and watch his "Paw" (Wilse McGaha) take an axe and chop
out big chunks of lead from a streak of lead, about 2 foot wide,
running through a cieek bed. His paw would use this lead to
make homemade bullets. Then Thomas would stand and ho~d a light
half the night forhis paw to "run bullets". The vein was soft
and a faded gray and 'may have . been _thought to be silver, thus
the name Mt. Sterling~
In 1903 the Cataloochee Lumber Company finished a village
2 miles beyond the Tennessee - North Carolina line on Big Creek,
named it Crestmont and began , ope ~ ations. Living to close to
the banks of Big Creek was not a safe thing to do. If there
was heavy rains in the mountains Big Creek would go on a rampage
and wash away anything in its path, including loosely built
building and outhouse~.
The railroad, often called the "pea-vine" was building a
railroad from Newport, Tenn. to Mt. Sterling, N.C. Not only
did rails have to be laid to the village now, but on up into
the woods, up a very steep mountain.
The little village of Crestmont had a planing mill, box
factory, lumber yard, a , hotel, mill, doctors office, a theater,
commissary, a depot and post office, and a school and church.
The houses were of frame construction and painted with custom
made windows and doors.
When Crestmont finished its operation, the nice homes were
dismantled and sold. The Pigeon River Lumber Company then took
. . . . ~-· ) -'
over, but did not do much improvement in the Mt. Sterling area.
Crestmont as a town no longer exists, but Big Creek still
tumbles over the boulders. ~ig Creek is fed by many mountain
streams and cold, cold springs, and every once and awhile Big
Creek still goes on the rampage. The forest has once again taken
its rightful place and only traces of scars andwounds of earlier
years of logging remain onwhat is now The Great Smoky Mountains
National Park.
waterville Dam
A very unique dam is located on the Big Pigeon River about
6 to 7 miles above the Tennessee I North Carolina line. From
the dam to the t;urbines is a 6mile tunnel, 14 feet wide running
through the mou~ta~ns. The water passes through this tunnel
with a 861 foot drop, but a 183 foot dam. \
This project was undertaken and completed by Carolina Power
and Light Company. The engineer. for this project was Mr. Dow,
who died suddeniy from a heart attack just about the time the
project was compleijed.
Mattie told us that her husband and her had never heard
of anyone named Dow before (Dow was his last namet. They liked
the name though and when their son was born they decided to
name him Dow. Therefore that is how Dow Hill came by his name.
Mattie has two other children from her second marriage,
Pauline and John Charles. JohnCharles being named after both
his grandparents.
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Mill at Crestmont , N.C.
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Village at
(Early
Crest{Tlont ,_
1900's)
N.C.
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Loading logs at
Philli ps , Jason
other 3
Walnut Bottoms are, Authur
White, Rubel "Rub" Randfro,
men arE; ttoknown.
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Several trains ran away and wrecked on the
downgrade from Crestmont, N.C.
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Waterville N.C. Power Plant and Community
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Thursday, February 24, 1972 U
Safety Award ... Carolina Power & Light Co. has
presented Walters Hydroelectric Plant Crew a
commendation for 10 years without a personal
injury accident. Crew members from left are
Euel D. Smith, Plant Superendent Charles Moore,
Scott Ball, Lewis Phillips, Joe Parkins, Charles
Evans, Kenneth Naillon, Ed Cates, R.D. Webbi Hal
Brown, Wilbur Teague, Robert Harer, & Ray McElroy.
Not present were James Roberts, James Gates, Lenn
Brown, Creed Gates, James Redmond, Clyde Holt, and
Hal Price.
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Carolina Power & Li~ht employees ... from left are: Clyde Holt,
Robert Harer, Charles B. Ford, Wilbur Teague, Hal Price, Lewis
Phillips, Mr. Harkins, A.J. Watts, Charles Evans, Jeff Watts
(guest) 1 Tommy Nailon, Charlie Moore (general manager), Ed Cates,
Hiram Leatherwood, and Hal Brown.
Tradition Dies Hard
In the mountains habits change <y ery. slowly and tradition
dies hai'd . - Along th·e Tennessee - Nor th carolina line -' lies -- ~ · ... ·.'··· , .. ~-,. -·, ;. . -- . ' .. .., --
little communi ty known as Mt. sterlirtg. L()ng before C a rolina
Power and -Light Company built the;.-p.bwer- pla~t or the ~vaterville
·Dam _this group of mountaineers···survi ved.fhe rugged wilderness.
Tennessee provided the first · pa-~ed road into the Mt. Sterling
area arid most of the residents ofMt~ Sterling worked in ·
Tenness.ee ~ Because the easier access road was on the Tennessee
side the people followed it. They- also traveled to the Tennes-see side
to do their shopping and to see a doctor whenever the need
might a:~Hse.
Int~rstate 40 breached the gap between Mt. Sterling and
Waynesville, N.C. At first the people of Mt. Sterling didn't
use the newly built interstate that often. '-Being North Carolina
residents thougl:l they did make the occa-sional trip to the county
seat to pay their taxes and take care of business.
The children of Mt. - Sterling had to attend schools in N.C.
after the interstate opened and this made for avery long and
tiring day for them.
Even today a lot of the people still work, do their shopping,
and see a doctor in Tennessee.
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~arolina Power and Ligh~ Company Darn Mt. Sterling N.C.
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Walter's Hydro-Electric Surge Tank Mt. Sterling N.C~ f
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Buzzard's Roast .•.. Located at first tunnel going up I-40 . .
-Sutt6n Top Fire Tower
Mt. Sterling, N.C.
The Forest - Service had fire towers located on top -of
mountains and people had to stay in these towers 24 hours a -
day and watch for fires. My sister Goldie 1 s husband Rufus McGaha
had a job as a watchman. I got to stay with them a lot of the
time at the tower. Bart McGaha and Ernest White also served
as watchmen for the fire tower.
Su.tton Top Tower was about 40 feet off the ground and
surrbunded by mountains. It didn't matter witch way you looked
out because it had windows on every side.
I can remember when it would come bad storms and the whole
tower would shake back and forth from the wind blowing. This
was a scary thing at night when it came a bad storm.
They tore this tower down in 1993 to put up a cellular phone
tower.
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Head of Swallow Fork and Mouse Creek (Back of the Balsam)
Fanny Hannah, Wilse Price, Calloat Leatherwood, Duggan Webb,
and Buddy Miller
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Mount:sterling Bap.tist Church
The Mount Sterling Baptis-t Church is .located in .the
Sterling - Waterville area of North Carolina. -.When this church
was f-irst built it was .a Methodist .Church. rt ·was _soin.etime du:ring
the mid-twenties that it became a Baptist Church. : 'the lit-tle, . ' :f\
. .· .
church is also know-n as The White Church and it came about this
name from; 'beicng painted white • . No one· ·i;s xea11y sure just how · ·
old this little church is. All the old~r people living -in tQe
area teii 'me that it's always been there since they can >remember
. and most of the.m were born in the late 1800's to -the :early
19oo•s. So I guess the little church. is somewhere around 100
years old.
This littl,e church and cemetery sits atop a hillsidein
a quiet, peac~ful surrounding~ Those ~uried there had _lived
in those mountains most of their lives. The following. names
is a l:i,'st to date of those buried there.
Riley McGaha 6-9-1893 - 2-24-1929
Anglo son of Riley & Caldonia McGaha 2-19-1916 ..,. 2-19-1926
John Gordon ·Infant son of Riley & Caldonia McGaha 4-7-1918
Merrit Columbus Infant son of Riley & Caldonia McGaha 8-20-1925
Rac;,hel Smith McGaha 2-1-1859 - 3-25-1930
Frank White 3-15-1901 - 8-6-1929
Sarah J. White wife of T.H. White 1868- 1934
T.H. White 1857 - 1940
James E. White 11-2-1894 - 4-25-1948
Ernest 0. White 1906 - 1983
Pamela Kay White 5-16-1961 - 11-6-1992
Ben Albert Harvey 4-8-1856 - 10-3-1930
Ulous Harvey . 8-3-1909 - 12-25-1931
Mary Elson Harvey 10-26-1882 - 1-10-1957
L.E. Franklin born 3-8-1908
D.M. Franklin born 8-15-1906
Daniel Franklin 6-9-1900 - 5-3-1929
J.W. Price 1870 - 1948
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Rufus ·L. Price 10-4-1893 - 10-'lo-1954
EstellM. Price 6-1-1899-- 5~7-1977 !
' Etta Packett Moses· 4-2-1895 .,. 2-24-1988
Milla. ' Pc:ickett ·· 12..-28.:..1909- 12"'"18-196:5
Jake Ball 4-25-1886 ..:. 5:_.24-1970
Anrl£ie B!31l 7-12--1891 - 12.:..28-1988 . ·
Bor\'nie ·k. Ball 10-22-1931 - 4-J-1985
Doliha M. Wiggins 10-3...:1962 - 1-J-1994
Jewel Ahn dau. of Scott & Bonnie Ball 12-25~1947 - 12-26-1947
Wilburn Messer .6-23-1916 - 10-23~1. 993
Su!;;ie 11. Messer 4.;,..17~1917 -
Lee Roy Messer 5 .... ·11-1909- 10-29:.:..1981
Alma Harvey Messer 4-12-1921 - 6-15~1993
Lewis E. Phillips 6--'22-1927 - l-16-:-1978
Clyde M. Phillips 10 - 16-1898 --: 6-J0-1961
Sarah J. Messer Phillips.· 11--'6-1902- 2-'24-1993
Viola Phillips 10-4-1919 - 11-11-1983
· vJilliam R·. Sutton 4-16-1898 - 7-30-1980
Ja~es Mitchell Sutton 1-2-1874 - 6-5-1957
Mary Eliza White SUtton 3-1-1879 - 4-30.:_1946
Nellie Hicks wife of Samuel Teaster 6-24-1851 - 1-24-1915
Susie H. Teaster 11-13~1851 ...: 4-10:.:..1906
Dorothy Caldwell Sutton 1-10-1921 - 12~22-1979
Anderson Pete· 4-16-1941 - 2-3-1977
MCKinley R. Sutton 1920 - 1969
Mack Caldwell 4~10-1886 - 6-28..-1957
Etta Caldwell 11-14-1893 - 3-28-1965
Phyllis E. dau. of Dorothy & Reed Sutton 8-24-1951 - 7~26-1952
Ronnie Ray Caldw~ll 5-16-1949 - 5-16-1949
Amos Stahlman
Fra;fik Stahlman
1-25-1916 - 5-25-1918
7-27-1891 - 6-25-1918
Elm~r F.S. Stahlman
James M. Caldwell
Mona Leatherwood
)
2 ... 6-1918 - 6-4-1944
3-29- 1927 - 7-17-1953
1-18-1860 - 8-4-1902
Caroline wife of Jas. Sutton 12-25-1843 - 3-7-1904
Ruben W. Sutton 2-26-1876 - 1-2-1919
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J. Leatherwood
J ~ -c. Kitchen
Ralph F. Hannah
· .l3oyd R . Hannah·
9 - S- 1JHl9 . 4 - !l- l 9 0 6
4~29-tn3~ - 3~3~190~
1 0.,-2U-192J .:.. /5-19-1970
...
5-24-1919 ' ~ 10~12-1964
. Charles s. llannah Jr . . .
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Geneva dau ._.of D:urr· & f3urn .Lea tJferwoocl 2-8-.1922' - · 6-23-1923 . . ...·. . ·.- ' -~ ·• · -. . ·- ·. '·. :' --. ·. . ' - ~ - . -, _,_
" orvill son of Btitr & Burn Leqtherwood · . ·. H -3-1930' ·~ - .,a,.... l2-:-J;9:J.p ,> ....... .
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· Fr.anklin son of Burr & Burn Leatherwood 12-9-1932 - 11-·19.:..193;3
. Burnard R~ Leatherwood 3 - 14 - l-8 9 7 ~ 2- 2 2 - 1 9 7 1 .
I3urr McGaha Leathervmod . 7.:. 17 - 1 8 9 9 - 1 0 - 2 5- l971
.· .. . _· .. : . , . . :-·
Wanda Gail Martin 4-15-1949 - 4-17-1,94 .
·. · aartley HcGaha . · 2-12-1 ·906...,. 8-31-1962
Dolla Ball McGaha 12...,15-1920 - 8-31-1962
Geraldine dau of Dart & Dolla . McGaha 5-l-1959 , - 8-31-1962
Holace Sutton 2-27-1911. > B-:-31-1957
. Pr;ice
. Price
5-15-1356
4 - ·1 3-·1 380
12-15-1§06 .
4-11-19T9
Francis Sircy
- Raymond G. White
Jason II. ~~hite
Rilda S. White
· 6-'-.19-191 .5 ':;. . 2-6:_1916
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12-28-1949: - 8-.,23-1993
5-17-1390 . - 7-29-1959
? - 2-1892 -:- · o ::. l9-1981
· Leitha Stitton 1915 ..:: 1930
Caroline Price 10-13:_ 1876· ~ . 12-14-1920'
William David Sutton 11-7.:..1882 - 4-20-'1951
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Della Hae ·sutton 5-lJ-1897 - - 7-16-1919
Lucinda Leatherwood 11-20-1850 - 3-28-1922
.James 0. Leatherwood 9-19-1880 :... 6-25-'1941
Hiram Leatherwood 9-4-:-J 906 ~ .5-6-1977 ·
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John N. (Sage) Sutton 3-4~1386 ,_ 8-12-1967
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John McKinney son of Johri & Martha Sutton 1-7-1941 - 4-6-1941 ·
J. Samuel Leatherwood 12-15-1'871 - 5-5-1946
Prudence Leatherwood · 2-14-1372 - 4-4-1959
Lawrence E. ·white 6-8-1917 - 1~21-1993
Beatrice M. White 6-7-1917 - 3-27-1994
W.T. McGaha 2-9~1877 - 6-12-1975
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.we're •.• Iiopkins, Leatherwood'S, • , , '. . ; • ·• '" .! • . -- . • ... .
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: :.' ~-_\. :: ~_'-.'-~~:> . :.: ··- ~- ::·- ~
inc;[udin<;r ¢hildren ).': : ~.l.~:~ng ·
;tn· the area ar.ound :th~ · church at this rtime. Rachel .McGaha :and.
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·- her husband lived at Mt •. ·~ st>erJ.ing .a·t . the time. - ...
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w~~n the churc:h _ was. 'f -irf?J ,·· q1;ll..l ~ it ;W~$ ; a -Baptist·. ¢hqrch' -
·• · _,. · ... ( acc·ording to-·_ whqt Beatr,i ~,e-'~ wcts .;,.told .. l?Y 1her fa-mily) •• ,,S,h-~ - d:t@' t
: kno~ wh~n it ~hange(Lovek tb ·_·M~thoclist; . but it was are11ri~ .t9~29
. i t c~nJe:fted b·ack to B~~tist : ·. . '! : .~ . . . .. .• ,
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Geor'g,e and Martl)a ( Dors¢y) . Grooms wer~ . the grc;tnQpa:t:Emts
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or; Beatrice -(Grooms). Caldwe,ll •.
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Mt. Sterling Baptist Church (also known as Whi te Church)
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...... ·- : War Crimes
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He complied by playing his favorite tune, "Bonaparte's Retreat",
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/~ •· held his ···cherlshed . t~ddle to .h1.s. hreaso: ... f:o·:t::t the.:'Iast.>>. t -:li·tn:e· .. >Tb' s . .
f•·sweet ·it;~ins~ .. were scarc.ely,:·fir{ished ·· w~~~.~·~·~~~~tr,:i~r:~;sd~:£:~~~~~;·,.~:~ .• ···: .. :~'-: . .
and hi:s ·two companions were· hushed fore.v:er'. :;.!:.: ,;::_:. ~-..'. . .., ·~ ,>,>' " :·
, 'All
