22 research outputs found
Pattern Scanning Laser Panretinal Photocoagulation in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
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Single-session pattern scan laser (Pascal) panretinal photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized study
No full textPURPOSE: To assess the safety and efficacy of single-session panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) using pattern scan laser in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS: Twenty-four treatment-naive PDR patients were randomized to 1700 or 2500 shots PRP in a single session. Central foveal thickness (CFT) was measured before and 1 week after laser by OCT. Regression of PDR was judged using fundus photos and fluorescein angiograms taken before and 3 months after laser. RESULTS: Between the 2 groups, there was no significant difference in the change of CFT or final visual acuity at 6 months. Neovascularization regression rate at 3 months was higher in the 2500-shot group than in the 1700-shot group (33.3% vs. 9.1%). CONCLUSION: Single-session PRP, with up to 2500 shots, using pattern scan laser, is safe in PDR, but more aggressive treatment is required to achieve a higher regression rat
Epidermal fatty-acid-binding protein: A new circulating biomarker associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors and carotid atherosclerosis
No full textAims: Epidermal fatty-acid-binding protein (E-FABP) is highly homologous to adipocyte FABP (A-FABP), which mediates obesity-related metabolic syndrome (MetS), diabetes and atherosclerosis in animals. Combined deficiency of E-FABP and A-FABP protects against the MetS and atherosclerosis in mice. This study investigated the association of serum E-FABP with cardio-metabolic risk factors and carotid atherosclerosis in humans. Methods and results: The presence of E-FABP in human plasma was detected by tandem mass spectrometry. Serum E-FABP levels, determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 479 Chinese subjects (age: 55.4 ± 13.5 years; M/F: 232/247), correlated positively (P < 0.05 to <0.001, age-adjusted) with parameters of adiposity, adverse lipid profiles, serum insulin, A-FABP, and C-reactive protein levels and were higher in subjects with the MetS (P < 0.001 vs. no MetS). The association of E-FABP with the MetS was independent of A-FABP. Furthermore, serum E-FABP correlated with carotid intima-media thickness (IMT; P < 0.001) and was independently associated with carotid IMT in men (adjusted P = 0.03). Conclusion: E-FABP is a new circulating biomarker associated with increased cardio-metabolic risk. It may contribute to the development of the MetS and carotid atherosclerosis in humans, independent of the effect of A-FABP. © The Author 2008.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Odontomutilla listopadovi Lelej 2023, sp. n.
No full text<i>Odontomutilla listopadovi</i> Lelej, sp. n. <p>https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ A2572C38-257C-4744-805A-9C847FD6B79B</p> <p>Figs 1–5</p> <p> TYPE MATERIAL. Holotype – ♀, <b>Myanmar</b>, Mandalay Region, 2 km south of town Popa (68 km west of Meiktila), 20º54'45''N 95º12'31''E, Mt. Popa, 700 m, 6.XI 2022, leg. A. Kim [IBSS].</p> <p>DIAGNOSIS. FEMALE. Genal carina strong, forming tooth at hypostomal carina and extending posteriorly to occipital carina where distinctly angulate. Hypostomal bridge medially widened with projection. Head and metasoma black, mesosoma ferruginous-red. T 1 dorsally with medial small spot of golden setae. T 2 in basal half with two pale spots located transversely and apicolateral spot of golden setae. T 3 with widely interrupted band of golden setae. MALE. Unknown.</p> <p> DESCRIPTION. FEMALE. Body length 12.1 mm. <i>Colouration and setation.</i> Head and metasoma black, mesosoma ferruginous-red. Head with sparse whitish setae mixed on frons, occiput and genae with sparse sub-erect black setae. Legs black, palps pale brown. Body setae generally sparse and black, except posterior propodeal face and anterior face of T 1 with long dense erect whitish setae; frons, vertex, and mesosomal dorsum laterally with short sparse sub-erect black setae. Mesopleural vertical carina with long erect whitish setae. Legs, especially meso- and metatibia with long dense recumbent yellowish setae. T 1 dorsally with medial small spot of golden setae, laterad of it with dense recumbent black setae. T 2 in basal half with two spots of golden setae located transversely, dictance between spots equal its diameter, posterolaterally with spot of golden setae. T 3 with widely interrupted band of golden setae. T 6 except pygidial plate with whitish setae. S2–5 with sparse sub-erect long golden setae, S2 and S3 apically with fringe of dense golden setae, S6 with dense golden setae oriented backward.</p> <p> <i>Head</i>. Width behind eye 0.86 × humeral mesosomal width. Frons, vertex, and gena with large confluent punctures. Mandible with dorsal carina extending from base to apex, apex unidentate. Clypeus apically not dentate, basomedial portion coarsely sculptured.. Antennal scrobe with arcuate lateral carina. Genal carina strong, forming large tooth at hypostomal carina and extending posteriorly to occipital carina where distinctly angulate. Hypostomal bridge medially widened with projection. F1 1.25 × F2 and 2.0 × pedicel length, F2 1.8 × pedicel length.</p> <p> <i>Mesosoma</i>. Length 1.3 × maximum width. Dorsum of mesosoma with large coarse punctures; mesopleuron convex, punctured, vertical carina ending dorsally to strong tooth. Humeral carina well developed with oblique carina posterad. Ratio of width of humeral angle, anterior spiracle, lateral mesonotal tooth, propodeal spiracle, and posterolateral propodeal angle 90:95:110:95:80. Scutellar scale lacking. Posterior propodeal face abrupt, lateral propodeal face with shallow sparse punctures.</p> <p> <i>Metasoma</i>. T 1 broad with distinct anterior and dorsal faces, dorsally with small dense punctures. T 2 with large coarse punctures, posteromedially with small dense ones. T 4–5 and S3–5 with small dense punctures. S1 with simple longitudinal lamella. S2 with dense large punctures. T 2 anterolaterally with deep elongated pubescent fovea. T 6 basally and laterally coarsely punctate, setose, apical half with medial part without setae, pygidial plate not carinated laterad even apically, considerably convergent basally, with weak transverse striae.</p> <p>MALE unknown.</p> <p> REMARKS. A female of new species (male unknown) is strikingly differs from congeners by having two golden spots located transversely in basal half of T2 (lacking such spots or having 1(3) spots in other species of the genus) and much resembles the females of Trogaspidiini species. Possibly this species may be the opposite sex of the male <i>Odontomutilla miranda</i> (Smith, 1855) described from Northwestern India, which also has an unique character among the male species of the genus: T2 with two pale spots located transversely near the middle.</p> <p>NATURAL HISTORY. The wasp was found near the top of the temple complex of Mount Popa, 700 m altitude, on the concrete fence of the viewing platform (Fig. 6).</p> <p>ETYMOLOGY. The specific name is dedicated to Nikolai Alexandrovich Listopadov, the author of two splendid books about the Buddha's lands: “На ЗемлЯх Будды” (In the lands of the Buddha, 2006) and “По стопам Будды” (In the footsteps of the Buddha, 2005).</p>Published as part of <i>Lelej, A. S., 2023, Discovery of the genus Odontomutilla Ashmead, 1899 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) in Myanmar with description of a new species, pp. 1-7 in Far Eastern Entomologist 476</i> on pages 3-6, DOI: 10.25221/fee.476.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10272792">http://zenodo.org/record/10272792</a>
Treat-and-extend regimen for management of neovascular agerelated macular degeneration: recommendations from the Hong Kong Retina Expert Panel
No full textAntivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents are a safe and effective treatment option for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). However, undertreatment related to the costs and route of administration of anti-VEGF agents remains a common problem for nAMD patients. The treat-and-extend (T&E) regimen for nAMD has proven to balance clinical effectivity with reduced numbers of injections. However, implementation of the T&E regimen depends on the capacity and resources of clinics and patient compliance. To determine the optimal T&E regimen for Hong Kong, a panel of retina specialists was initiated by MediPaper Medical Communications Limited to discuss the benefits and hurdles in adopting the T&E regimen and to develop recommendations for patient selection based on clinical needs, dosing criteria, and dosing regimen. Key recommendations included selecting patients with only-eye or recurrence for the T&E regimen, pre-booking clinic appointments to reduce patient visits, communicating the T&E regimen with non-vitreoretinal physicians and trainees, extending the maximum dose interval to 16 weeks, and actively engaging patients in decision making.published_or_final_versio
Merodon flavitibius Paramonov 1926
No full text<i>Merodon Flavitibius</i> Paramonov, 1926 <p> <i>Merodon isperensis</i> Hurkmans, 1993 (as subspecies of <i>M. aberrans</i>) <b>syn. n.</b></p> <p> “ <i>Merodon aberrans</i> Egg. var. <i>flavitibius</i> nova” Paramonow, 1926: 153.</p> <p> <i>Type locality</i>: Armenia. Original description was based on an unknown number of syntypes, two of them were located in the Paramonov’s collection (SIZK, examined): <i>Lectotype</i>: male with labels: [N 317], [Инаклю (= Inaklyu, modern Antarut village, 40.35N, 44.266667E, asl 1450 m) / Эчмиадз. у. (= Echmiadzin (modern Vagharshapat) District) / Эрив. г. (= Yerevan Region, <b>Armenia</b>) 17.vii.24.], [<i>Merodon aberrans</i> Eger / var. <i>flavitibius</i> / var. nov. ♂ Typus / Paramonov. d.] (SIZK). <i>Paralectotype</i>: female with labels: [N 318], [г. Карны-Ярых (KarnyMount Yarykh, = Mount Ara, 40.4056N 44.4522E, asl 2614 m) / Эчмиадз. у. / Эрив. г. (= Yerevan Region, <b>Armenia</b>) 26.vii.24.], [<i>Merodon</i> / <i>aberrans</i> Egg. / var. <i>flavitibius</i> / var. nov. ♀ Typus / Paramonov d.] (SIZK).</p> <p> <i>Note</i>. In the original description, only the type locality is given, namely “Patria: Armenia ”. The exact number of types is unknown, as it is not specified by the author of the species (Paramonow, 1926: 153). The types were considered lost (Liepa, 1969: 20; Hurkmans, 1993: 205). In Peck (1988: 166), taxon was given as subspecies <i>Merodon aberrans flavitibius</i> Paramanov (sic!), 1926, according to article 45g (II) ICZN (1985). Hurkmans (1993: 176) also left the subspecific rank for the taxon. He also erroneously indicated that Paramonov published the name with a subspecies status (ibid.). We designate here the male as the lectotype, and the female as the paralectotype.</p>Published as part of <i>Vujić, Ante, Radenković, Snežana, Tubić, Nataša Kočiš, Likov, Laura, Popov, Grigory, Rojo, Santos & Miličić, Marija, 2023, Integrative taxonomy of the Merodon aberrans (Diptera, Syrphidae) species group: distribution patterns and description of three new species, pp. 51-96 in Contributions to Zoology 92 (1)</i> on page 64, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-BJA10037, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8349804">http://zenodo.org/record/8349804</a>
Reliability and validity of the euthanasia attitude scale (EAS) for Hong Kong medical doctors
No full textThis study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Euthanasia Attitude Scale (EAS) in Hong Kong medical doctors. A total of 107 medical doctors (61.7% men) participated in a survey at clinical settings in 2008. The 21-item EAS was used to assess their attitudes toward euthanasia. The mean (standard deviation) and median of the EAS were 63.60 (60.31) and 63.00. Total EAS scores correlated well with "Ethical Considerations," "Practical Considerations," and "Treasuring Life" (Spearman ρ =.37-.96, P <.001) but not "Naturalistic Beliefs." The construct validity of the 3-factor model was appropriate (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin [KMO] value = 0.90) and showed high internal consistency (Cronbach α =.79-.92). Euthanasia Attitude Scale may be a reliable and valid measure for assessing the attitudes toward euthanasia in medical professionals. © The Author(s) 2010.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
Corylus colurna
No full text5. Corylus colurna L. Species Plantarum: 999 (Linnaeus 1753). – C. tubulosa var. colurna (L.) Risso, Histoire Naturelle des Principales Productions de l’Europe Méridionale et particulièrement de Celles des Environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes 2: 333 (Risso 1826) nom. illegit. superfl. – Orignal citation: “Habitat Byzantii.” – Type: Herb. Linn. no. 1132.4 (lecto-, designated by Browicz 1972: 5: LINN!). – Note: Corylus colurna is recognized in the Flora of the USSR (Bobrov 1936a), in the Flora Europaea (Tutin & Walters 1993), and in the World Checklist and Bibliography of Fagales (Govaerts & Frodin 1998). C. arborescens Münchh., Hannover’sche Gelehrte Anzeigen 3 (61): 929 (Münchhausen 1754). – Original citation: “Es ist bekannt, dass es an einigen Orten, als in Frankfurt” [am Main, Germany, in the garden of the Merchant du Fay (Burchardt 1833)] (...) “Ich habe dergleichen selber bey mir”. – Type: not localized. – Note: the Frankfurt Hazel tree was very well known back then, and it was speculated that it was the same one that was introduced by Clusius in the end of the 16 th century that he obtained from the Austrian baron von Ungnad from Constantinople (Goeschke 1887). The authorship of the name C. arborescens is not obvious, as the article is only cited as “S. im Jul 1753. M.”. However, the name C. arborescens is usually attributed to Münchhausen, the author of the horti- and agricultural book “Der Hausvater” who owned an estate called Schwöbber near Hameln in Lower Saxony, Germany. Given that the protologue is published in a journal from Lower Saxony, it is reasonable to assume Münchhausen’s authorship of C. arborescens. C. byzantina P.Herm. ex Mill., The Gardeners Dictionary ed. 7 [unnumbered] (Miller 1759) nom. inval. pro syn. – Original citation: “Byzantine.” – Type: not localized. – Note: Miller used this name in synonymy, as he did not adopt binomials until the 8 th edition of his The Gardeners Dictionary (Miller 1768). There, Miller synonymizes C. byzantina under C. colurna. Originally, Miller cited Linnaeus’ Hortus Cliffordianus (Linnaeus 1737: 448) and Hermann (1687: 121). The latter refers to Caspard Bauhin’s Avellana peregrina humilis (Bauhin 1623: 418) and Jean Bauhin et al. ’s Avellana byzantina (Bauhin et al. 1650: 270), both of which were also cited by Linnaeus (1737). A cluster of nuts with deeply laciniate bracts is depicted in Bauhin et al. (1650), clearly what is nowadays regarded as C. colurna, and consistent to his later synonymization. C. nana Tourrette & Rozier, Démonstrations Élémentaires de Botanique 3: 448 (La Tourrette & Rozier 1787). – Type: not localized. – Note: the authors just gave description and the species’ origin, but do not refer to any earlier publication. However, given the origin and description, they mean the lowgrowing form of the Byzantine Hazel (C. colurna). Original material might be found in Claret de La Tourrette’s or in Rozier’s herbarium, both held at LYJB. C. macedonica V.Cordus & Gesner ex Strelin, Realwörterbuch für Kameralisten und Oekonomen 4: 528 (Strelin 1788). – Type: Germany, [cult.] in Schwöbber. [originally from Macedonia, cult. by Münchhausen in Schwöbber estate, Lower Saxony, Germany]. – Type: not localized. – Note: It was described as a tree in contrast to C. colurna that was, incorrectly, considered to be a shrub. Basically, this is another name for Münchhausen’s C. arborescens. C. avellana var. glomerata Aiton, Hortus Kewensis 3: 363 (Aiton 1789). – C. glomerata (Aiton) Nois., Manuel Complet du Jardinier, Maraicher, Pépiniériste, Botaniste, Fleuriste et Paysagiste 2: 464 (Noisette 1825). – Original citation: “ Corylus nucibus in racemum congestis” (Bauhin 1623). – Note: apparently a hazel from Macedonia [Balkan peninsula] growing as a tree with clustered fruits. Bauhin’s citations lead to a short description by Cordus (1561: 25 r) without a figure. According to the descriptions, this is C. colurna. C. colurna var. avellanoides Spach, Annales des Sciences naturelles, seconde série – Botanique 16: 104 (Spach 1841). – Type: Cult. in H[ortus] P[arisiensis], (E), 1834, s. coll., s.n. in Herb. Spach (lecto-, designated here: P06809956!). C. colurna var. brachycarpa Spach, Annales des Sciences naturelles, seconde série – Botanique 16: 103 (Spach 1841). – Type: iconotype, Watson (1823 –1825: tab. 99). C. colurna var. leptochlamys Spach, Annales des Sciences naturelles, seconde série – Botanique 16: 104 (Spach 1841). – Type: Cult. in H[ortus] P[arisiensis], 1841, s. coll., s.n. in Herb. Spach (lecto-, designated here: P06809951!). C. colurna var. macrochlamys Spach, Annales des Sciences naturelles, seconde série – Botanique 16: 104 (Spach 1841). – Type: Cult. in H[ortus] P[arisiensis], 1841, s. coll., s.n. in Herb. Spach (lecto-, designated here: P06809954!). C. colurna var. trichochlamys Spach, Annales des Sciences naturelles, seconde série – Botanique 16: 104 (Spach 1841). – Type: Cult. in H[ortus] P[arisiensis], Ménagerie, 1835, s. coll., s.n. in Herb. Spach (lecto-, designated here: P06809953!). – Additional original material: Cult. in H[ortus] P[arisiensis], 1827, s. coll., s.n. in Herb. Spach (P06809955!); cult. in H[ortus] P[arisiensis], Ménagerie, 1835, s. coll., s.n. in Herb. Spach (P06809955!); cult. in Hort[us] Par[isiensis], 1841, s. coll., s.n. in Herb. Spach (P06809955!); s.d., s. coll., s.n. (P06810646!, P06810647!). C. cervorum Petrov, Byulleten’ Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody, Otdel Biologicheskii n.s., 45: 121 (Petrov 1936). – Type: Azerbaijan, Karabagh, Querceto-coryleta in decliviis vallis fl. Khoross [Kores] superiori, alt ci[rc]a 1200–1400 m supra nivem maris, I. Petrov s.n. (holo-: not localized). C. iberica Wittm. ex Kem. -Nath., Trudy Tbilisskogo Botaniceskogo Instituta 6: 11 (Kemularia-Nathadze 1938). – Type: Georgia, Iberia, in sylvis montanis, Sep. 1843, Wittman 351 (syn-: not localized; isosyn-: BM!, K000859912!); Georgia, prov. Kuthaisi, Ratscha, Tschelischskaya datscha, 25 Aug. 1910, Fijenko s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, Ratscha, Teschelishis Udabno prope pag. Nikortzminda in calcar., 16 Sep. 1929, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, [no locality given], 20 Oct. 1937, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, Лес около сеп. Горолеша [in silva Gorolesha], иЗвестн [limestone], 20 Oct. 1937, L.M. Kemularia- Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, prov. Tiflis, distr. Duschethi, fauces Gudamakhari, loc. Thchemliani, 1903, A. Fomin s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, prov. et distr. Tiflis, Saguramo, 25 Jul. 1917, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, Udzo, prope Tblisi, 16 Aug. 1937, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, distr. Manglis, prope pag. Prijut, 9 Jul. 1903, A. Fomin s.n. (syn-: TBI1006417!); Georgia, [without locality], 28 Mar. 1936, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, in faucibus fl. Algeti, 22 Aug. 1924, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, distr. Aghbulach in silva Gudarethi (in calcar.), 28 Aug. 1937, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, distr. Thionethi, Chisso, 29 Aug. 1935, I.I. Tumadjanov s.n. (syn-: not localized); Georgia, distr. Signach, prope pag. Lagodechi, 29 Sep. 1905, E. Koenig s.n. (syn-: not localized). – Note: the L.M. Kemularia- Nathadze’s specimen from 28 Mar. 1936 was not listed in the specimen list in Russian. Corylus iberica is regarded as a synonym of C. colchica (The Plant List 2013), but as Kosenko pointed out, it is more likely synonymous to C. colurna (Kosenko 2002) in agreement to Bobrov (1936b). Corylus iberica and C. colurna are both supposed to growth as trees and share the clustered nuts with laciniate bract margins. C. iberica var. glandulosa Kem. -Nath., Trudy Tbilisskogo Botaniceskogo Instituta 6: 15 (Kemularia- Nathadze 1938). – Original citation: “Вместе с типичной формой, часто.” [Together with typical form, common.]. No specimens cited. – Type: not localized. C. abchasica Kem. -Nath., Zametki po Sistematike i Geografii Rastenii. Tiflis 35: 3 (Kemularia-Nathadze 1978). – C. colchica var. abchasica Kem. -Nath., Flora Gruzii 3: 40 (Ketskhoveli et al. 1975) nom. inval. (without Latin description). – Type: Georgia, Abkhazia, Abchazia occid., ad pedem merid. montis Arabica, in fruticetis subalpinis, ca. 6000 ft., G. Woronow 139 (holo-: not localized; iso-: TBI1005852!). – Additional type material: Georgia, Abkhazia, mons Karschlara inter montem Mamdzischcha et Kutysch ad rupes calcareas; jugum Bzibi, m. Japsu, 28 Mar.1948, N. Purtzchvanidze s.n. (para-: TBI1005851!, TBI1005853!); Georgia, Abkhazia, Tscherkesskaja polyana, 29 Jul. 1934, A.G. Doluchanov s.n. (para-: TBI1005849!); Georgia, distr. Gudauty, in jugo Chitsma, in monte “Lyssaja gora”, 27 Jul. 1929, M. Gubbis s.n. (para-: TBI1005856!); Georgia, Abkhazia, Suchum, in monte Apianča [Apiantcha], 29 May 1927, S. Petjaev s.n. (para-: TBI1005858!). – Note: There is a typographical error in the Latin translation of the specimen list of C. abchasica: the paratype collection of N. Purtzchvanidze is listed in the Latin section as being from March, but the month is written in Roman numerals on the sheets and in the Russian text, and so the forgotten “V” changes the original August (VIII) to March (III). C. egrissiensis Kem. -Nath., Zametki po Sistematike i Geografii Rastenii. Tiflis 35: 6 (Kemularia- Nathadze 1978). – Type: Georgia, Megrelia, in silva montis Quibia prope pag. Salchino, 21 Jul. 1953, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (lecto-, designated here: TBI1006350!; isolecto-: TBI1006351!). – Additional type material: Georgia, Abkhasia, Prope Novi-Athoni [Novy Afon], angustiae Psychra, 300 m a.s.l., 24 Jul. 1934, A. Doluchanov s.n. (para-: TBI1006337!); Georgia, Abkhasia, Gagri ad ripas flum. Djovekwara, 16 Oct. 1939, W. Sherozia s.n. (para-: not localized); Georgia, Abkhasia, vicinis Gagri, 29 Jul. 1912, J. Gusev s.n. (para-: TBI1006334!); Georgia, Abkhasia, pag. Otradnoe inter Bzipi et Gegi [in hortis Otradnoe], 3 Jul. 1929, S. Saakov s.n. (para-: TBI1006339!); Georgia, Abkhasia, distr. Suchum, in m. Byrtsch, 4 Jul. 1927, s. coll.?, s.n. (para-: not localized); Georgia, Abkhasia, Gudauthi et Kaldachvara, 24 Jun. 1927, s. coll.?, s.n. (para-: not localized); Georgia, Abkhasia, prope som. Kamany, 29 Jun. 1930, S. Petjaev s.n. (para-: TBI1006336!); Georgia, Abkhasia, in fauces fl.September Gumista, 26 Jun. 1927, Nikolaev s.n. (para-: not localized); Georgia, Svanetia, prope pag. Chaischi [Khashi] in angust. fl. Tcheischi [Tkheishtshi] et Chaischura [Khaishuru], 23 Jul. 1937, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze and A. Kharadze s.n. (para-: TBI1006345!); Georgia, Megrelia, vicinis pag. Salchino in angustis fl. Tzatschcuris, 20 Jul. 1953, L.M. Kemularia- Nathadze s.n. (para-: not localized); Georgia, Adjaria, distr. Batumi, angustiae prope pag. Macrial, 1908, I. Woronov and E. Bobrov s.n. (para-: not localized). – Note: the lectotype of C. egrissiensis was designated because the protologue does not indicate a herbarium, and there are two specimens in TBI. C. kachetica Kem. -Nath., Zametki po Sistematike i Geografii Rastenii. Tiflis 35: 5 (Kemularia-Nathadze 1978). – C. kachetica Kem. -Nath., Flora Gruzii 3: 40 (Ketskhoveli et al. 1975) nom. inval. (without Latin description). – Type: Georgia, Pshavi: Angustiae Gometsari, 28 Jul. 1935, N. Ketzkoveli s.n. (lecto-, designated here: TBI1006504!; isolecto-: TBI1006505!). – Additional type material: Georgia, Kachetia, Лагодехи ущелье [Lagodekhi Gorge] р. Апцал [Aptsal river], 22 Aug. 1938, A.G. Doluchanov s.n. (para-: not localized); Georgia, ущ. р. Качал [gorge of Kakhal river], 10 May 1939, L.M. Kemularia-Nathadze s.n. (spara-: not localized); Georgia, Kachetia, Напареули, Дидихеви [Napareuli, Didikhebu], 12 Jul. [Aug.?] 1936, P.P. Zagareli s.n. (para-: TBI1006501!?); Georgia, Телавский район [Telavi district], около деревии Цагаури [near Zagauri forest], долина Турдо [Turdo valley], 1 Sep. 1958, S. Kutatenadze et al. s.n. (para-: TBI1006506!). – Note: The Zagareli specimen (TBI1006501) matches the locality and date except for the month (August instead of July as in the protologue). Possibly, there was a typographical error in the publication.Published as part of Holstein, Norbert, Tamer, Sarah el & Weigend, Maximilian, 2018, The nutty world of hazel names - a critical taxonomic checklist of the genus Corylus (Betulaceae), pp. 1-45 in European Journal of Taxonomy 409 on pages 17-20, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.409, http://zenodo.org/record/378716
Oodes (Oodes) integer Semenov. Two 1889
No full text15. Oodes (Oodes) integer Semenov, 1889 (Figs 20 A–H, Table 4) Oodes integer Semenov, 1889: 293 (type locality: ‘Wladiwostok (Sidémi)’ [БеЗверхοвο, in Russian; Bezverkhovo, in English], Russian Far East, Russia]). References. Oodes (Oodes) prolixus [= integer]: Jakobson 1906: 311; Csiki 1931: 1010. Oodes prolixus [= integer]: Reitter 1908: 186. Oodes integer: Habu 1956: 85, 98 (taxonomic notes on O. helopioides tokyoensis); Lafer 1973: 847–849 (taxonomic notes, diagnostic features, distribution and identification key); Kim et al. 1994: 130; Bousquet 2003: 445; Sundukov 2013: 190; Sundukov & Makarov 2016: 143, 146, 157 (Kunashir Island, southern Kuril Islands); Bousquet 2017: 636. Oodes (Oodes) integer: Lafer 1989: 204–205 (diagnostic features, identification key and distribution); Kryzhanovskij et al. 1995: 158 (distribution in ex-USSR). Lachnocrepis prolixa [= integer]: Lorenz 1998: 304; Lorenz 2005: 325. Type material. Oodes integer Semenov. Two syntypes present in ZIN. Not examined. Other material examined. RUSSIA: P r i m o r s k y K r a i: 1♂ (partly immature), 1♀, ‘Russland, Ferner Osten, Primorski Kraj, Chankajski rajon Kommisarovka river, S Kommisarovo, 07.08.1994 lgt.: Schnitter / Grill’ (cDW). TME: 2 specimens. TGE: 1♂, 1♀. Diagnosis. Oodes integer is distinguished from other species of Oodes except O. tokyoensis by the lack of longer and denser, yellowish hairiness on the ventral surface of meso- and metatarsomeres 2–4, rather large size, 10.0– 10.5 mm (Table 4), prosternal process with apex elongate and narrow, and discontinuous granulation in elytral marginal furrow. The species is most similar to O. tokyoensis (see “Notes”). Oodes helopioides and O. integer differ further from each other in PW / PL, EL/EW, and the shape of the prosternal process apices (Figs 18J, 20E). Description. Habitus. Specimens of large size (BL: 10.1–10.3 mm, BW: 3.7–4.0 mm), with subovate and subconvex body (Figs 20A, C). Ratios and measurements. See Table 4. Color and luster. Body dark brown to black, pronotum laterally and posterolaterally rufous, antennae, palpi and legs rufopiceous. Integument moderately shiny, without iridescence. Punctuation. Dorsal surface without punctuation; proepisternum and sides of prosternum with punctuation rare and more scattered than that on sides of metasternum, meso- and metepisternum; proepisternum, abdominal ventrites 1–5 at sides, and ventrite 6 at apex finely rugose. Head. About half as wide as pronotum (see Table 4). Mentum tooth with apex rounded and distinct paramedial border (Fig. 20D). Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 20B) with sides rounded toward posterior angles (PW /PB: 1.04–1.05); maximum width in posterior fifth; laterobasal impressions indistinct; base slightly sinuate; anterior angles rounded, moderately projected anteriorly. Prosternum with median longitudinal sulcus very shallow; prosternal process bordered throughout, with slightly pointed apex (Fig. 20E). Metepisternum longer than wide (MA/ MM: 0.91–0.92), with lateral margin concave posteriorly and coadunation with epipleuron short, located anteriorly (Fig. 20F). Elytra. Apical sinuation moderate, well-defined. Basal margin distinct laterally, forming a minute denticle at shoulder, disappearing medially at level of stria 3. Granulation in marginal furrow discontinuous, interrupted in second fourth. Parascutellar striola and other striae punctate; stria 7 as distinct as stria 6. Intervals 1–7 rather flat, interval 8 subconvex. Legs. Metacoxal basal sulcus extending to lateral fifth. Male mesotibia moderately modified, with slight swelling in apical half. Protarsomeres 1–3 of male moderately dilated, with second segment barely wider than long (W/Lp2:1.05). Male genitalia. Not examined (see “Notes”). Female genitalia. Basal gonocoxite with six lateroapical setae arranged in line. Apical gonocoxite with single, very small dorsolateral ensiform seta, without nematiform setae (Fig. 20G). Spermatheca coiled apically (Fig. 20H). Distribution. Eastern Palaearctic Region: Russian Far East, Korea (Kim et al. 1994). Not yet recorded from China, but Lafer (1989) suggested it may occur in the northeastern part of the country. Notes. The species is most similar to O. tokyoensis in the shape of prosternal process (compare Habu 1956: 86, fig. 18; Lafer 1973: 848, fig. 6; present work, Fig. 20E) and general structure of gonocoxite which lack nematiform setae (compare Habu 1956: 101, fig. 35 and present work, Fig. 20G). Besides, Lafer (1973, figs 9, 10) and Habu (1956, fig. 23a, d) provided drawings of the median lobes of O. integer and O. helopioides tokyoensis, respectively, which show great similarity. Without comparison and access to the type specimens of both species, it is difficult to define the diagnostic features of either. The specimens examined from the Kommisarovka River are partly teneral, with appendages seemingly lighter than in mature specimens. The genitalia of the male specimen are not chitinized, so it was not possible to study them. The original name of the village Bezverkhovo was Ust Sidimi (‘Усть–Сидими’, or ‘Сидими’, in Russian), named for Sidimi Bay on which coast the village was founded. Sundukov (2013: 190) stated that the type locality of O. integer is ‘Wladiwostok’ thus omitting the more precise ‘Sidémi’ (= Bezverkhovo); the latter located 35–40 km southwest of Vladivostok City. As Lafer (1973) supposed, Jakobson (1906) was the first to formally propose the synonymy of Oodes integer with Lachnocrepis prolixa. Soon afterwards, Reitter (1908) proposed the same synonymy independently. However, Habu (1956) did not accept this identity, based on similarities of O. integer with O. helopioides tokyoensis. Lafer (1973) found and investigated the type specimens of O. integer and listed their labels: ‘Сидеми 12 IX 87 (οк. Владивοстοка). М. Янкοвский // Oodes integer m. ♂ [♀]. Тур А. Semenov // Oodes prolixus Bates. sec. Heyden // coll. Semenov-Tian-Shansky’. Most likely the labels added by Lucas von Heyden were the reason for the confusion of O. integer with L. prolixa. 16. Oodes (Oodes) tokyoensis Habu, 1956 Oodes helopioides tokyoensis Habu, 1956: 82 (type locality: ‘Shakujii, Nerima-ku, Tokyo Metropolis’). References. Oodes (Oodes) helopioides tokyoensis: Habu 1956: 79–80 (identification keys), 82–85 (description; comparison with Oodes helopioides helopioides and Lachnocrepis prolixa); Habu 1958: 194 (distribution in Japan). Oodes helopioides tokyoensis: Lafer 1973: 847–849 (taxonomic notes and comparisons with O. helopioides s.str. and O. integer); Lorenz 1998: 305; Bousquet 2003: 445; Lorenz 2005: 325; Bousquet 2017: 636. Oodes tokyoensis: Lafer 1989: 204 (diagnostic features); Bousquet 1996: 472 (relationships with O. amaroides). Type material. Holotype preserved in the Insect Museum of the National Institute for Agro–Environmental Science, Tsukuba (https://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/org/niaes/type/dbcarabidae/o_tokyoensis.html). Not examined. Other material examined. None. TME: none. Diagnosis. See “Diagnosis” and “Notes” under O. integer. Description. See Habu (1956: 82–84). Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu). Notes. We follow the view of Lafer (1973: 849) that O. tokyoensis is best treated as a distinct species, not a subspecies of O. helopioides. The Russian author based his statement on the fact that the easternmost known locality for the latter species comes from the area of Minusinsk Hollow, south–central Siberia. Hence, a vast area between the Minussinsk Hollow and Japan is not populated by either species, and no hybridization zone exists between them. “ gracilis ” species group Diagnosis. The only species of this group possesses two autapomorphies that distinguish it from other members of Oodes: (1) stria 7 more or less reduced along elytral anterior third (like in taxa of Nanodiodes Bousquet, 1986, but to a far lesser extent); and (2) sclerite of internal sac of median lobe with three sclerotized nail-like spikes (seen in lateral view). This unique set of features suggests that O. gracilis occupies an isolated position in the genus. In addition, the species in question has two other differences compared to other species of Oodes s.str. First, the metacoxal basal sulcus is shortened, ending at the medial fifth; it is a homoplastic state, as it occurs also in O. japonicus and Pseudoodes coelestinus. The second peculiarity is the quite reduced punctuation on thoracic part of body. 17. Oodes (Oodes) gracilis A. Villa & G.B. Villa, 1833 (Figs 21 A–G, Figs 22 A–G, Table 4) Oodes gracilis A. Villa & G.B. Villa, 1833: 33 (type locality: ‘Italia’). Later, the locality was more precisely defined: ‘Alle rive dei laghi in Lombardia’ (Villa & Villa, 1868: 61). = Oodes similis Chaudoir, 1837: 20 (type locality: ‘d’Allemagne’ [Germany]). Synonymy established by Gemminger & Harold (1868: 232). = Oodes gracilior Lambert, 1853: 199 (type locality: ‘bord de l'étang de Marson’, France). Synonymy established by Gemminger & Harold (1868: 232). References. Oodes similis: Chaudoir 1857: 34–35 (comparison with O. helopioides); Motschulsky 1858: 172 (comparisons with O. parallelus Motschulsky and O. parallelogrammus Motschulsky). Oodes gracilior: Fairmaire & Laboulbène 1854: 60 (re-description). Oodes gracilis: Gemminger & Harold 1868: 232; Bedel 1879: 54 (identification key); Bedel 1880: 161; Marseul 1880: 190; Chaudoir 1882: 345 (re-description); Marseul 1882: 28; Ganglbauer 1891a: 384; Fiori 1903: 200 (‘fiume Lamato in Calabria’, Italy); Reitter 1908: 186; Porta 1923: 213; Burmeister 1939: 165 (distribution and ecology); Jeannel 1942: 982; Focarile 1959: 75 (taxonomic notes and comparison with O. helopioides); Fontolan 1959: 120–121 (re-description and comparison with O. helopioides); Magistretti 1965: 257; Allen 1973: 32 (Arkansas Insect Collection); Bousquet 1996: 449– 450 (various data, incl. bibliography), 472 (relationships with O. amaroides); Ortuño 1998: 5–6 (female genitalia); Lorenz 1998: 305; Bousquet 2003: 445; Lorenz 2005: 325; Elderkhanova 2012: 495; Nakhibasheva et al. 2012: 305; Belousov et al. 2014: 96; Ibáñez Orrico 2014: 83 (distribution in Iberian Peninsula); Bousquet 2017: 636. Oodes (Oodes) gracilis: Ganglbauer 1891b: 51; Csiki 1906: 57; Jakobson 1906: 310 (distribution); Csiki 1931: 1007 (‘Mitteleuropa, Mittelmeer–gebiet’); Kryzhanovskij et al. 1995: 158 (distribution in ex-USSR). Type material. Oodes gracilis A. Villa & G.B. Villa: neotype ♂, ‘Oasi Torbiere diAlbate—Bassone (CO) 31.VI.1978 Leg. Sciaky—Pavesi [w, h] // Neotypus Oodes gracilis Villa Det. Sciaky e Pavesi [r, h]’ (MSNM) (Figs 21A, B, 22A, B). Focarile (1959: 75) considered that the description of Villa & Villa (1833) refers to O. helopioides var. fiorii, and not to O. gracilis (sensu Lindroth, 1943). M. Pavesi (pers. comm.) wrote us: “ Several specialists (including me), having not checked carefully enough the collection materials, suspected that the original description of O. gracilis (type locality “rive dei laghi lombardi” = shores of Lombardy lakes) would indeed refer to small, slender individuals of helopioides, since gracilis appeared to be restricted to coastal, brackish biotopes. ”. However, this assumption could not be verified, as the type series of the species together with entire collection of the brothers Villa had been destroyed in the fire of the Museum of Milan in August 1943. In order to maintain the status of O. gracilis, a neotype of this species has been designated (Sciaky & Pavesi 1986). Type material. Oodes similis Chaudoir: Not examined. Type material. Oodes gracilior Lambert: Not examined. Paul Lambert (1853) ascribed the authorship of O. gracilis to Leon Faimaire perhaps because the former author used original notes of the latter author. Soon after, L. Fairmaire (Fairmaire & Laboulbène 1854: 60) gave a second description using the same descriptive terminology. Jeannel (1942: 982) also attributed gracilis to L. Fairmaire. The correct authorship of this form has been indicated by Chaudoir (1882: 345). Other material examined. FRANCE: A u v e r g n e –R h ô n e–A l p e s: 1♀, ‘Dr Jacquet Lyon’ (NMNHS). ALBANIA: Shkodër County: 3♂♂, ‘ALB., Shkodra District Mali Tarabosh Mtn [Mali i Tabaroshit] karst terrain, 100 m 24.XI.2000, A. Zhalov leg.’ (NMNHS). BULGARIA: S i l i s t r a Province: 1♂, ‘BG, Nova Cherna Vill. Ornithological station 19–20.VI.2007, light trap B. Guéorguiev leg.’ (NMNHS); 3♂♂, ‘Srebarna Lake, wharf near the lake, 44.10331, 27.06392, 28–29.V.2017, G. Georgiev, W. Rossi & D. Stoianova’ (NMNHS). Va r n a Province: 1♀, ‘БГ Крапец, Дуранкулашкο блатο; Залив! мοрски брЯГ пοд вοдοр. и камъни [Bulgaria, Krapets, Durankulak Marsh; bay! seashore under algae and stones], 23.7.92 LEG. L. Penev’ (IBER). Sofia Province: 1♂, 1♀, ‘BG, Sofia Distr., Dragomansko blato [Dragoman Marsh], 42.93712, 22.95200, 2.VI.2017 W. Rossi & B. Guéorguiev leg.’ (NMNHS). Burgas Province: 1♀, ‘Страндж еЗерο [Strandza Mt., lake], 2.VI. 9…’ (NMNHS); 1♀, ‘BG: Pomorie bei Burgas SO-Ufer Pomorie–See (6) 09.V.2000 Handfang leg. Wolfg. Beier (Germany)’ (cWB). ISRAEL: North District: 1♂, ‘Israel: Ne’ot Mordekhay 30.V.2005 L. Zarabi V. Chikatunov’ (SMNH-TAU). TME: 15 specimens. TGE: 2♂♂, 1♀. Diagnosis. Distinguished from other Oodes species by features given in the key to species of Oodes. See also “Diagnosis” under “ gracilis ” species group. Description. Habitus. Specimens of middle size (BL: 7.9–9.8 mm, BW: 3.0– 3.9 mm), with subelongate, not very convex body (Figs 21A, C). Ratios and measurements. See Table 4. Color and luster. Body black, pronotum posterolaterally rufous, appendages piceous to rufopiceous. Integument moderately shiny, without iridescence. Punctuation. Dorsal surface without punctuation; prosternum and mesoepisternum nearly smooth, proepisternum and abdominal ventrites at sides finely rugose; abdominal ventrite 6 at apex both finely punctate and rugose; sides of metasternum and metepisternum superficially punctate. Head. More than half as wide as pronotum (see Table 4). Mentum tooth with distinct paramedial border (Fig. 21E). Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 21D) with sides rounded toward posterior angles (PW /PB: 1.06–1.13); maximum width in posterior third; laterobasal impressions indistinct; base moderately sinuate; anterior angles rounded, moderately projected anteriorly. Prosternum with median longitudinal sulcus distinct, deeper than in O. helopioides; prosternal process with rounded apex and nearly complete border, reduced only at sides (Fig. 21F). Metepisternum longer than wide (MA/ MM: 0.84–0.90), with lateral margin convex and coadunation with epipleuron very short, located anteriorly (Fig. 21G). Elytra. Apical sinuation weak, poorly defined. Basal margin distinct laterally, forming a small denticle at shoulder, disappearing medially at level of stria 2. Granulation in elytral marginal furrow discontinuous, separated into shorter humeral, and longer apical group (interruption located in second fourth). Parascutellar striola punctate, less impressed than other striae; striae finely punctate anteriorly; stria 7 less impressed than stria 6. Intervals 1–7 somewhat flatter than in O. helopioides, interval 8 more convex than others. Legs. Metacoxal basal sulcus highly reduced, ending at medial fifth. Male mesotibia not modified. Protarsomeres 1–3 of male (Fig. 21B) moderately dilated, with second tarsomere slightly longer than wide (W/Lp2: 0.86–0.93). Male genitalia. Median lobe (Figs 22A, B, C, D, E) with basal bulb large; angle between basal bulb and shaft nearly right; shaft long, slightly swollen compared with basal bulb; apex short, narrow; apical lamella short, bent to left, rounded at tip; ostium not reaching basal bulb. Female genitalia (see also Ortuño 1998). Basal gonocoxite with six to eight lateroapical setae arranged in line. Apical gonocoxite with single, very small dorsolateral ensiform seta and nematiform setae (Fig. 22F). Spermatheca twisted apically (Fig. 22G). Distribution. Most parts of Europe (except the northernmost regions, but including southern Sweden and the Caucasus Major), Turkey, Transcaucasia (Armenia, Azerbaijan), Israel, Iran, Turkmenistan, western Siberia (Lindroth 1992; Kryzhanovskij et al. 1995; Bousquet 2017). We record it for the first time from Israel. subgenus Lachnocrepis LeConte, 1853 [= Eulachnocrepis Habu, 1956] Type species: Oodes parallelus Say, 1830, by monotypy. Diagnosis. The species of Lachnocrepis share three derived character states: (1) ventral surface of meso- and metatarsomeres 1–4 (or 2–4) in both sexes and protarsomeres 1–4 (or 2–4) in female with long and dense fine setae aligned in two or more rows on each side of the tarsomere; (2) internal sac of median lobe without sclerite; and (3) bursa copulatrix expanded distally, two-chambered. The last two traits represent synapomorphies. The loss of the sclerite of internal sac of median lobe in Lachnocrepis is a feature not occurring in any other representative of the Oodes generic group. Expansion of bursa copulatrix consists of distal lobe folded toward main part of bursa, thus the bursa appears two-chambered. Distal lobe of bursa is more strongly developed in O. desertus than in O. japonicus; that of O. parallela Say rather resembles that of O. japonicus (cfr. Bousquet 1996: 532, fig. 130, and Fig. 26G, present work). The modification of the tarsal setation in Lachnocrepis spp. is considered homoplasy since a similar, but independently evolved condition exists also in Pseudoodes coelestinus (Fig. 6C, 23C, D, F). Geographical distribution and diversity. The subgenus includes three species, O. desertus Motschulsky from Southeast Europe, Siberia and Eastern Palaearctic, O. japonicus (Bates) from Eastern Palaearctic and northern outskirts of Oriental Region, and O. parallelus Say from eastern North America. The first two species live in sympatry in the Russian Far East, Northeast China, Korea, and Japan. 18. Oodes (Lachnocrepis) desertus Motschulsky, 1858 (Figs 23 A–F, Figs 24 A–G, Table 4) Oodes desertus Motschulsky, 1858: 173 (type locality: ‘Steppes des Kirguises’). = Oödes prolixus Bates, 1873: 254 (type locality: ‘Hiogo’), syn. n. = Oodes hahni Reitter, 1908: 186 (type locality: ‘aus Taschkend u. der Buchara’). Synonymy established by Csiki (1931: 1007). References. Oodes desertus: Motschulsky 1850: 63; Gemminger & Harold 1868: 232; Marseul 1880: 191; Chaudoir 1882: 346; Marseul 1882: 28; Semenov-Tian-Shanskij 1909: 25 (morphology); Lorenz 1998: 305; Bousquet 2003: 445; Lorenz 2005: 325; Elderkhanova 2012: 495; Bousquet 2017: 636. Lachnocrepis prolixa: Chaudoir 1882: 378; Lafer 1973: 847–849 (distribution, diagnostic features and identification key); Kim et al. 1994: 130; Bousquet 1996: 450, 467–468; Lorenz 1998: 304; Bousquet 2003: 445; Lorenz 2005: 325; Nakhibasheva et al. 2012: 305; Sundukov 2013: 190; Belousov et al. 2014: 96; Hasegawa et al. 2015: 23 (Japan, Aichi Prefecture); Bousquet 2017: 635. Oodes (Oodes) gracilis ? var. desertus: Jakobson 1906: 310. Oodes hahni: Semenov-Tian-Shanskij 1909: 26 (taxonomic notes and distribution). Lachnocrepis prolixus: Andrewes 1930: 188 (‘Japan’). Oodes (Oodes) desertus: Csiki 1931: 1007 (‘Kirgisen–steppe’); Kryzhanovskij et al. 1995: 158 (distribution in ex-USSR). Oodes (Oodes) desertus var. hahni: Csiki 1931: 1007 (‘Turkestan’); Kryzhanovskij et al. 1995: 158. Oodes (Oodes) prolixus: Csiki 1931: 1010 (‘ Japan, Ussuri, China’); Wu 1937: 148. Lachnocrepis (Eulachnocrepis) prolixa: Habu 1956: 79–80 (identification keys), 96–98 (re-description and comparisons); Habu 1958: 194 (distribution in Japan). Oodes (Lachnocrepis) prolixus: Ishkov & Kabak 1995: 85; Kryzhanovskij et al. 1995: 158 (distribution in ex-USSR). Oodes prolixus: Elderkhanova 2012: 495. Type material. Oodes desertus Motschulsky: lectotype ♀, rather damaged (see also Kelejnikova 1976: 195), with missing head and its appendages, pronotum, prothorax, fore legs, tarsomere 5 of right middle leg, tarsomeres 4–5 of left hind leg and whole right hind leg (Figs 23A, B, C, D), with labels: ‘Des. Kirg. Mer. [r, h] // Oodes desertus Motsch. Des. Kirg. M. [w, h] // Zool. Mus. Mosc. Univ. (Moscow, RUSSIA) ex coll. V.I. Motschulsky [w, p] // [red label without data]’ (ZMMU). Chaudoir (1882: 346) suggested that O. desertus may be identical to O. gracilis without having seen the type material of first taxon. This view was later followed only by Jakobson (1906) who placed the former as a questionable synonym of the latter. All other authors (see ‘References’) cited O. desertus as a separate species. No data exist for number of studied specimens in the description of O. desertus. Kelejnikova (1976) noted that the specimen kept in ZMMU is a syntype. Therefore, we followed the Recommendation 73F of the Code (ICZN 1999) and designated the available specimen as lectotype. Type material. Oodes prolixus Bates: two syntypes, labelled as follows: 1♀, ‘Hiogo [w, h] // Ex-Musaeo H.W. Bates 1892 [w, p]’ (MNHN, box ‘Collection Generale R. Oberthur
Nisitrus insignis Saussure 1878
No full textNisitrus insignis Saussure, 1878 Figs 2A, 5, 7D, 8F, 10E, 11E, 12E, 13D, 14E, 16D, 17H–I, 22; Tables 1–2, 7 Nisitrus insignis Saussure, 1878: 515. Crystallomorpha sumatrensis Rehn, 1909: 209. Syn. nov. Nisitra insignis – Kirby 1906: 87. — Chopard 1968: 352. Nisitrus insignis – Chopard 1968: 352. — Vicente et al. 2017: 2203 (molecular phylogeny). — Hollier et al. 2013: 487 (no types in MHNG). — Cigliano et al. 2020 (Orthoptera Species File online). Nisitrus sumatrensis – Robillard & Desutter-Grandcolas 2004a: 276 (morphological phylogeny). Nisitrus hyalinus – Chopard 1929: 110. — Robillard & Desutter-Grandcolas 2004a: 276 (morphological phylogeny). Nisitrus sp. – Preston-Mahfam 2000: 1 (mating behaviour). Diagnosis Of smaller size but stouter habitus than congeners. Vertex coloration ranging from black with creamcoloured margins around eyes and fastigium to cream-coloured with a strong longitudinal black band and one or two faint transverse black band (forming a T- or a cross-shaped black pattern). FIIIs brown, with a brown longitudinal stripe along external ventral half; sometimes dorsal margin with a paler longitudinal stripe. Dorsal field of male FW always with cream-coloured triangular (sometimes rounded) patch, with very distinctly different venation; harp very small, slightly longer than wide, with one distinct straight oblique vein. This species is similar to N. malaya sp. nov. and N. vittatus but differs by legs with lighter colouration and dorsum of head yellow with variable black pattern (instead of entirely black). This species also differs from the sympatric N. hughtani sp. nov. by smaller size, frons yellow (black in N. hughtani sp. nov.) and vertex colouration pattern; FW lateral field M/R area dark (instead of forming a clearly defined white/yellow stripe), and female FW dorsal field with veins yellow (instead of mostly black). Material examined Lectotype (here designated) INDONESIA – Sumatra • ♀; “ Neit Suma ” [North Sumatra]; 1853; Mus. Caes.Vindobon; NMW. Additional specimens INDONESIA – Sumatra • 1 ♂ (holotype of N. sumatrensis); R. Weber leg.; No. 20486; AMNH • 1 ♂; “ Mentawei ” [Siberut] “Siberoet”; 1°23′17.3″ S, 98°56′7.7″ E; 22 Sep. 1924; H.H. Karny leg.; MNHN • 2 ♂♂; same locality data as for preceding; 8 Sep. 1924; H.H. Karny leg.; MNHN • 2 ♀♀; same locality data as for preceding; 8 Sep. 1924; H.H. Karny leg.; identified as Nisitra hyalina by L. Chopard; MNHN • 3 ♀♀; same locality data as for preceding; 12 Sep. 1924; H.H. Karny leg.; MNHN • 3 ♀♀; same locality data as for preceding; Sep. 1924; C.B. K. and N. S. leg.; MNHN • 3 ♂♂; same locality data as for preceding; Sep. 1924; C.B. K. and N. S. leg.; MNHN; • 1 ♂; “Mentawei” Sipora Island; 2°13′28.7″ S, 99°40′9.4″ E; Oct. 1924; C.B. K. and N. S. leg.; identifed Nisitrus brunnerianus by T. Robillard, 2004; MNHN-EO-ENSIF1748 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN • 1 ♀; “Mentawei” [Siberut] “Siberoet”; 1°23′17.3″ S, 98°56′7.7″ E; Sep. 1924; C.B. K. and N. S. leg.; ZRC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; PII: N55; ZRC • 2 ♀♀; Sibolangit; 3°18′2″ N, 98°34′8″ E; Sep.–Oct. 1929; D.V. Leeuwen leg.; MNHN • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN • 2 ♀♀; Sibolangit; 3°18′2″ N, 98°34′8″ E; 8 Oct. 1925; Fulmek and H. Karny leg.; • 2 ♀♀; 20 km east of Sasak environs of Harau Valley National Park; 0°4′57″ S, 100°39′12″ E; 600 m a.s.l.; 24–26 Nov. 1999; A.V. Gorochov leg.; ZIN • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; ZIN • 1 ♀; Pematang Siantar “Pem. Siantar”, Research Centre? “Prapat Hutan Penelitian”; 10–1100 m a.s.l.; 10 Mar. 1993; S. Ingrisch leg.; SMTD • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; SMTD • 2 ♂; Alas Valley, Belelutu; 3°43′ N, 97°38′ E; ca 320 m a.s.l.; 3–8 Aug. 1972; J. Krikken leg.; RMNH • 1 ♀; Alas Valley, vicinity of Gumpang; 3°48′ N, 97°29′ E; 13 Jun. 1972; J. Krikken leg.; RMNH • 1 ♀; Deli Sibolangit Nature Reserve; 3°19′ N, 98°35′ E; 500 m a.s.l.; 29 Jul. 1972; J. Krikken leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Soban Ajam; Jul. 1916; E. Jacobson leg.; RMNH • 2 ♀♀; Kuala Simpang, lowland forest; 4°17′3.7″ N, 98°3′29″ E; Jan. 1954; A. Sollaart leg.; RMNH • 1 ♀; Serdang, Tanjong Morawai; 1882; B. Hagen leg.; RMNH • 2 ♀♀; Sumatra Expedition 1877–1878 leg.; RMNH • 1 ♀; Ketambe, at Jeb Tenggara; 3°41′6″ N, 97°44′57″ E; 350 m a.s.l.; 18 Nov. 1973; H.D. Rijksen leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Medan; 3°35′10″ N, 98°40′19″ E; 20 Jun. 1949; Kalshoven leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; 1908; E. Jacobson leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Padang Panjang, Singalang; 0°54′9″ S, 100°23′16″ E; 700 m a.s.l.; 15 Feb. 1995; H. Deumer and M. Schaarschmidt leg.; N5; MNHN-EO-ENSIF4180 • 2 ♀♀; 2 km from Padang Panjang (Taglang) [Talang?]; “ 3.9.1991 ”; Wolfram Guidatti leg.; MNHN • 2 ♂♂; [Lubu?] “Lubu Sampin”; 19 Jan. 1885; MHN • 1 ♀; [Lubu?] “Lubu Sampin”; 2 Dec. 1884; MHN • 2 ♀♀; Padang in Batangproepoe “Pad. Bovenl”; 0°54′9″ S, 100°23′16″ E; Nov. 1924; C.B. K. and N. S. leg.; ZRC • 1 ♂; Jambi “ Djambi ”; O. Posthumus leg.; MNHN • 1 ♂; “ Habinsaran Tangga ”; 2 Aug. 1928; J.C. v. d. MeerMohr leg.; MNHN • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN • 1 ♂; Fort de Kock; 0°18′1″ S, 100°22′8″ E; 920 m a.s.l.; 1924; E. Jacobson leg.; MNHN • 1 juvenile; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN • 1 ♂; Soilak Daras, Korinchi Valley; 1°41′12″ S, 101°13′46″ E; 3100 ft a.s.l.; Mar. 1914; NHMUK • 1 ♀; Lut [“Laut″] Tawar; 4°37′36″ N, 96°51′4″ E; 1400 m a.s.l.; 23 Dec. 1929; H.T. Pagdan leg.; NHMUK • 1 ♂; Dohrn leg.; identified as Nisitrus hyalinus by L. Chopard; MNHN • 1 ♀; Dohrn leg.; MNHN • 1 ♀; Padang in Batangproepoe “Pad. Bovenl”; 0°54′9″ S, 100°23′16″ E; 9 Aug. 1920 “20”; MNHN • 1 ♂; same locality data as for preceding; MNHN • 3 ♀♀; same locality data as for preceding; MNHN • 1 ♂; Medan; 3°35′10″ N, 98°40′19″ E; Mjöberg leg.; GNME • 1 ♀; Dolok Baros; 1906; “Maindon” leg.; MNHN • 1 ♀; Medan Batu-Seri; 3°35′10″ N, 98°40′19″ E; 10 Mar. 1900; B. Jachan leg.; ZMH • 1 ♀; Deli; 3°19′ N, 98°35′ E; 3 Jan. 1896; Gebr. Siemssen leg.; ZMH • 3 ♂♂; Deli [Bindjai] “Bindjey-Estate”; 3°36′44″ N, 98°29′20″ E; 28 Apr. 1894; W. Burchard leg.; ZMH • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; ZMH • 1 ♂; A. Grubauer leg.; ZMH • 1 ♂; “ Anei Kloof ”; 500 m a.s.l.; 1925; E. Jacobson leg.; ZMH • 1 ♀; Fort de Kock; 0°18′1″ S, 100°22′8″ E; 920 m a.s.l.; 1925/1926?; ZMH • 1 ♂; “ Deli ”; 3°19′ N, 98°35′ E; MNHN • 1 ♀; same locality data as for preceding; MNHN • 1 ♂; v. W. leg.; MNHN • 1 ♀; v. W. leg.; MNHN • 1 ♂; “ Sumatra ”; MNHN • 1 ♀; “ Sumatra ”; MNHN • 3 ♀♀; Haran Kloof; 0°27′14.6″ S, 101°24′53.192″ E; 23 Apr. 1929; Prince Leopold leg.; RBINS • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; RBINS • 1 ♂; Singalang [Mount Singgalang]; 0°24′36″ S, 100°19′51″ E; 23 Apr. 1929; Prince Leopold leg.; RBINS • 1 ♂; Medan S.O.K. [Deli River]; 3°35′42.7″ N, 98°40′20.0″ E; Fulmek L. leg.; NHMW • 1 ♂; Labuhan Batu; 2°0′4.8″ N, 99°53′54.1″ E; 22 Sep. 2020; K.S. Zebua leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/60403336 • 1 ♂; Labuhan Batu; 2°10′42.9″ N, 99°57′25.3″ E; 6 Oct. 2020; K.S. Zebua leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61849044 • 1 ♂; Labuhan Batu; 2°08′7.3″ N, 99°52′59.2″ E; 6 Oct. 2020; K.S. Zebua leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/61849074 • 1 ♂; Kong Paluh, Kutapanjang, Gayo Lues Regency, Aceh; 3°48′16.0″ N, 97°14′6.9″ E; 20 Jul. 2018; G. Jarasunas leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/20738568 • 1 ♀; Kerinci, Jambi; 2°14′54.4″ S, 101°32′21.3″ E; 12 Aug. 2018; pmaaskant leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/37307112 • 1 ♂; “Ланкат, СевернаЯ Суматра, ИндонеЗИЯ” [Langkat, North Sumatra, Indonesia]; 3°33′6.3″ N, 98°6′37.2″ E; 3 May 2019; reflectitur_photons leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/25730568 • 1 ♀; Lima Puluh Koto, ID-SB, ID; 0°6′39.0″ S, 100°40′15.2″ E; 6 Jun. 2011; D. Nys and M. Vancauwenbergh leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/34083286 • 1 ♀; Lubuk Landua; 0°6′19.5″ N, 99°53′12.3″ E; 13 Mar. 2018; O. Johnson leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/11018930 • 1 ♂; Gayo Lues Regency, Aceh; 3°52′51.7″ N, 97°19′23.1″ E; 21 May 2010; ninjawil leg.; iNaturalist.org/observations/9181395. MALAYSIA • 4 ♀♀; “Camp Jor”, border between Perak and Pahang; 4°9′43″ N, 102°22′20″ E; 30 Dec. 1902; Alb. Grubauer leg.; ZMH. Redescription Slightly smaller than other species (Fig. 7D). Vivid yellow, brown and black when alive (Fig. 22A–C). Vertex variable: ranging from black with yellow margins around eyes (mostly in individuals from Sumatra) to cream-coloured with a strong longitudinal black band and one or two faint transverse black bands (forming a T- or cross-shaped black pattern; mostly in individuals from Siberut Islands and Malaysia) (Fig. 11E); dark pattern variable between individuals, some have a narrow pattern appearing more like a longitudinal band. Scapes red brown to black. Antennae red brown (individuals from Siberut) to black (individuals from Sumatra), with wide whitish rings. Frons yellow, cream-coloured to yellow, face part of fastigium brown to dark brown or black between eyes, lighter for individuals from Siberut than from Sumatra (Fig. 10E). Mouthparts dark brown to black in specimens from Sumatra, lighter or sometimes yellow in specimens from Siberut (Fig. 10E). Maxillary palpi cream-coloured; apical segment black apically (Fig. 10E). Head lateral side yellow to cream-coloured, including gena, with a black band posterior to eyes (Fig. 12E). Pronotum dorsal disk black, covered with white setae, rectangular with lateral margin barely widening posteriorly, posterior margin substraight to faintly bisinuous (Fig. 11E). Lateral lobes of pronotum dorsal half black, vivid yellow ventrally (cream-coloured in preserved specimens) (Fig. 12E). Legs generally light grey brown, sometimes with some small dark spots. FIIIs brown, with a brown longitudinal stripe along ventral half (more distinct and darker in individuals from Sumatra); sometimes dorsal margin with a paler longitudinal stripe; knees dark brown to black. TIIIs brown with black spines and spurs, dark brown to black near distal end; tarsomeres dark brown to black. Hindwings hyaline brown apically; longer than FWs and surpassing cerci, forming a black tail with yellow veins exceeding FWs for less than twice the length of the pronotum. Tergites red brown, with a pale band laterally; sternites pale, sometimes with a dark brown median area. Subgenital plate with a dark median area. Male FOREWINGS. FW colouration (Fig. 13D): dorsal field narrow, cells mostly transparent, veins varying from pale yellow to black. Basal area either infumated brown to black (individuals from Sumatra) or almost transparent (individuals from Siberut), but always with a cream-coloured triangular patch (sometimes more rounded). Chords most often with a white patch, most readily observed in individuals from Sumatra. R black, Sc projections black basally, cream-coloured or transparent apically. Lateral field transparent. FW venation (Fig. 13D): 1A curved, slightly angulated. Harp very small, slightly longer than wide, with one distinct straight oblique vein. c1 long and wide, broader basally; c2 diamond-shaped; mirror (d1) small, longer than wide, not rounded, generally separated into two parts by a transverse vein, the anterior part triangular, about as long as posterior part, posterior part rectangular. Cell d2 about as wide as d1, usually subdivided by accessory veins. Apical field short, including one cell alignment posterior to mirror and a narrow apical alignment; its veins cream-coloured. Lateral field transparent, with 5 or 6 projections of Sc. Epiproct black. Subgenital plate with a dark median area. Cerci red brown. GENITALIA (Fig. 16D). Pseudepiphallus sclerotized, stout (medium-sized but broad) compared to congeners, anterior margin somewhat broad and straight, posterior margin also straight, lateral margins faintly converging posteriorly. Posterior apex with paired lophi slightly longer than wide (at base), obtuse at apex, moderately spaced apart from one another. Rami swollen preapically, anterior apex somewhat truncated. Pseudepiphallic parameres narrow. Ectophallic fold rounded lateral sclerites appearing beanshaped to rectangular. Endophallic sclerite wide and rounded laterally, with relatively long lateral arms. Female FOREWINGS. FW colouration (Fig. 14E): base of dorsal field with a yellow area; cells black, veins mostly vivid yellow (cream-coloured in preserved specimens). Region of CuA, M and R black, including the veins. Sc projections yellow basally, black apically. Lateral field transparent. FW venation: 6–7 strong longitudinal veins on dorsal field; lateral field with 6 projections of Sc. GENITALIA. Ovipositor slightly longer than FIII. Copulatory papilla conical, smaller and stout; apex folded ventrally, stout, broader than congeners, pointed; dorsal face with a sclerotized area, forming a somewhat triangular rim (Fig. 17H–I). Juvenile (Fig. 22D–E) Young instar with head nearly completely cream-coloured. Pronotum disk velvety black, lateral lobe with dorsal half velvety black and ventral half cream-coloured. Legs generally cream-coloured with small dark spots; tarsi darker. Abdomen with tergites velvety black dorsally, with sternites cream-coloured ventrally. Epiproct cream-coloured. Later instar resembles adult colouration. Measurements See Table 7. Ecology Habitat and mating behaviour, including multiple mating, male guarding behaviour, female eating spermatophores and male-male competition for females, were described in detail by Preston-Mahfam (2000). Distribution Sumatra, Malay Peninsula (Malaysia). Type locality Indonesia: Sumatra. Calling song Unknown. Remarks One syntype of Saussure from Northern Sumatra found in NMW is designated here as the lectotype of the species. Based on comparisons with the type of N. sumatrensis, the latter name is considered as a junior synonym of N. insignis (new synonymy, see below). The observed specimen series vary greatly in size and colouration, which made us hesitate between defining one or more species, in particular for the lighter specimens from the Mentawai Islands. To remain conservative, we considered these differences as species variation only, but more information about molecular divergence and acoustic parameters may lead to revise this decision in future studies.Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Wahab, Rodzay bin Haji Abdul, Japir, Razy, Chung, Authur Y. C. & Robillard, Tony, 2021, Revision of the cricket genus Nisitrus Saussure (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Eneopterinae) and descriptions of five new species, pp. 1-75 in European Journal of Taxonomy 761 (1) on pages 39-43, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.761.1449, http://zenodo.org/record/515625
