1,705 research outputs found
Miao and Yao linguistic studies; selected articles in Chinese, translated by Chang Yu-hung and Chu Kwo-ray
No full textLinguistic Series VII. Data Paper: Number 88. Total number of pages: 282 p
Regulation of synaptic transmission by cytoplasmic ATM
No full textAtaxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a devastating childhood disorder caused by mutation of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM) which encodes a member of the PI3 kinase family. In most cells, ATM is localized in the nucleus and is involved in DNA damage repair. In neurons, however, a substantial fraction of ATM is cytoplasmic, and the function of this cytoplasmic pool is poorly understood and not well studied. Since likely binding partners of ATM include the molecules synapsin-I and VAMP2, we examined the possibility that cytoplasmic ATM is a regulator of synaptic plasticity. FM4-64 dye tracing experiment showed a deficit of spontaneous vesicle releasing in ATM deficient cells. Hippocampal slice recordings revealed that Shaffer collateral long-term potentiation (LTP) in homozygous Atmtm1Awb mice was significantly reduced comparing to wild-type controls. In Atmtm1Awb mutant mice, ATM protein is still made, but is a novel, catalytically less active, splice mutant product. By comparison in Atmtm1Bal mutant mice in which the protein is not made, short-term plasticity such as synaptic fatigue and paired-pulse facilitation were compromised, whereas LTP was less affected. Binding studies show that cytoplasmic ATM serves as a scaffold that brings together ATR, synapsin-I and VAMP2. This observation suggests that cytoplasmic ATM in the Atmtm1Awb mice may be acting to disable the complex, whereas the simple absence of ATM is less disruptive. The next stage of this work will focus on understanding the mechanism of how cytoplasmic ATM is involved in synaptic function.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Yu Ray Ha
Data for InverseBench (ICLR 2025 spotlight)
No full textData for InverseBench (ICLR 2025 spotlight)
InverseBench: Benchmarking Plug-and-Play Diffusion Priors for Inverse Problems in Physical Sciences
Hongkai Zheng*, Wenda Chu*, Bingliang Zhang*, Zihui Wu*, Austin Wang, Berthy T. Feng, Caifeng Zou, Yu Sun, Nikola Kovachki, Zachary E. Ross, Katherine L. Bouman, Yisong Yue (*: Equal contribution)
Project website: https://devzhk.github.io/InverseBench
GitHub repo: https://github.com/devzhk/InverseBench
Dataset card is provided in the GitHub repo.Please see the new version https://doi.org/10.22002/dn9cj-ehd72. If you need access to this specific version, please email [email protected]
Data for InverseBench (ICLR 2025 spotlight)
No full textData for InverseBench (ICLR 2025 spotlight)
InverseBench: Benchmarking Plug-and-Play Diffusion Priors for Inverse Problems in Physical Sciences
Hongkai Zheng*, Wenda Chu*, Bingliang Zhang*, Zihui Wu*, Austin Wang, Berthy T. Feng, Caifeng Zou, Yu Sun, Nikola Kovachki, Zachary E. Ross, Katherine L. Bouman, Yisong Yue (*: Equal contribution)
Project website: https://devzhk.github.io/InverseBench
GitHub repo: https://github.com/devzhk/InverseBench
Dataset card is provided in the GitHub repo.Please see the new version https://doi.org/10.22002/dn9cj-ehd72. If you need access to this specific version, please email [email protected]
A Secure and Stable Multicast Overlay Network with Load Balancing for Scalable IPTV Services
No full textData for InverseBench (ICLR 2025 spotlight)
No full textData for InverseBench (ICLR 2025 spotlight)
InverseBench: Benchmarking Plug-and-Play Diffusion Priors for Inverse Problems in Physical Sciences
Hongkai Zheng*, Wenda Chu*, Bingliang Zhang*, Zihui Wu*, Austin Wang, Berthy T. Feng, Caifeng Zou, Yu Sun, Nikola Kovachki, Zachary E. Ross, Katherine L. Bouman, Yisong Yue (*: Equal contribution)
Project website: https://devzhk.github.io/InverseBench
GitHub repo: https://github.com/devzhk/InverseBench.git
Dataset card is provided in the GitHub repo.A new version of these files is available at https://doi.org/10.22002/zg89b-mpv16. If you need access to the files from this version, please email [email protected]
Fully automatic reconstruction of personalized 3D volumes of the proximal femur from 2D X-ray images
No full textPURPOSE:
Accurate preoperative planning is crucial for the outcome of total hip arthroplasty. Recently, 2D pelvic X-ray radiographs have been replaced by 3D CT. However, CT suffers from relatively high radiation dosage and cost. An alternative is to reconstruct a 3D patient-specific volume data from 2D X-ray images.
METHODS:
In this paper, based on a fully automatic image segmentation algorithm, we propose a new control point-based 2D-3D registration approach for a deformable registration of a 3D volumetric template to a limited number of 2D calibrated X-ray images and show its application to personalized reconstruction of 3D volumes of the proximal femur. The 2D-3D registration is done with a hierarchical two-stage strategy: the scaled-rigid 2D-3D registration stage followed by a regularized deformable B-spline 2D-3D registration stage. In both stages, a set of control points with uniform spacing are placed over the domain of the 3D volumetric template first. The registration is then driven by computing updated positions of these control points with intensity-based 2D-2D image registrations of the input X-ray images with the associated digitally reconstructed radiographs, which allows computing the associated registration transformation at each stage.
RESULTS:
Evaluated on datasets of 44 patients, our method achieved an overall surface reconstruction accuracy of [Formula: see text] and an average Dice coefficient of [Formula: see text]. We further investigated the cortical bone region reconstruction accuracy, which is important for planning cementless total hip arthroplasty. An average cortical bone region Dice coefficient of [Formula: see text] and an inner cortical bone surface reconstruction accuracy of [Formula: see text] were found.
CONCLUSIONS:
In summary, we developed a new approach for reconstruction of 3D personalized volumes of the proximal femur from 2D X-ray images. Comprehensive experiments demonstrated the efficacy of the present approach
Phase contrast imaging with a laboratory-based microfocus X-ray source
No full textThis project looks at the design of an in-line X-ray phase contrast imaging system, based around the Bede Microsource®, on a suitable scale for imaging small pathological samples. The system is applied to two test objects to assess feasibility of its use in practice. The system comprises: microfocus X-ray source, copper and rhodium targets, phase object and detector. By altering sample position, phase contrast is seen to vary proportionally with propagation distance. By increasing source size, phase contrast is seen to degrade with increasing source dimensions. It is furthermore determined that transverse coherence in the direction perpendicular to a sample boundary dominates the result. Using different operating voltages with an image manipulation approach, the importance of monochromaticity is investigated. It is determined that less polychromatic X-rays provide better phase contrast. However, applying a filter method of monochromation reduces phase contrast due to beam hardening, so this method is unsuitable for phase imaging with this system. By increasing sample thickness, phase contrast is seen to plateau at a certain thickness, dependant on X-ray energy, revealing a practical limitation of the system. Introduction of water and glass to the system is seen to be detrimental to phase contrast, due to beam hardening. However phase contrast is not destroyed by the presence of water. When imaging a mammographic test object comprising low-contrast details and breast tissue morphology, the system detects all low-contrast details extremely well. Furthermore, using a phase object together with breast tissue morphology, with the harder rhodium X-rays, the system detects an anomaly of -500J.!m through the noise of simulated breast tissue. Finally, we see the difference in two scorpion sting images: an absorption image taken at the beginning of the project and a phase image taken after the system has been improved
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