6 research outputs found
Posttraumatic orbital emphysema: incidence, topographic classification and possible pathophysiologic mechanisms. A retrospective study of 137 patients
No full textThe aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of posttraumatic orbital emphysema (OE) and to propose a radiologic topographic classification as well as a possible pathophysiologic model
Topiramate-Induced Acute Bilateral Angle Closure and Myopia: Pathophysiology and Treatment Controversies
No full textPurposeTO discuss the unusual features of topiramate-induced acute angle closure glaucoma, its pathophysiologic mechanisms, and treatment controversies, and to report the first anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) of this condition.MethodsLiterature review and case report with OCT findings.ResultsTopiramate-induced angle closure is usually bilateral and associated with acute myopia; the ocular pressure is often not very highly elevated. Ciliochoroidal detachment with ciliary body anterior rotation is typically present and was demonstrated easily in our case with anterior segment OCT. Pilo-carpine exacerbates this condition and peripheral iridotomy is not indicated, nor is iridoplasty Treatment consists of replacing topiramate with appropriate medication, strong cycloplegia, and topical steroids.ConclusionsIt is important to recognize this form of acute secondary angle closure in order to treat it properly, avoiding harmful medication and unnecessary surgery.</jats:sec
Phacolytic Glaucoma
No full textWe report a case of acute phacolytic glaucoma in which only protein was present in the anterior chamber without macrophages. We propose that this study represents a type of phacolytic glaucoma characterized by a hyperacute presentation caused by rapid leakage of degenerated lens proteins into the aqueous humor as opposed to a second type with a more gradual onset and with phacolytic macrophages in the aqueous humor resulting from an immunologic response to liquefied lens proteins. Thus, 2 forms, perhaps at ends of a spectrum of clinical manifestations of phacolytic glaucoma, may exist with distinct characteristics and pathophysiology
Computational area measurement of orbital floor fractures: Reliability, accuracy and rapidity
No full textTo evaluate the reliability, accuracy and rapidity of a specific computational method for assessing the orbital floor fracture area on a CT scan
Can systematic computed tomographic scan assessment predict treatment decision in pure orbital floor blowout fractures?
No full textTo describe and evaluate the reliability and the accuracy of a specific computed tomography-based assessment in predicting treatment decisions for pure orbital floor blowout fractures (BOFs)
Phlebotonics for haemorrhoids
No full textBACKGROUND Haemorrhoids are variceal dilatations of the anal and perianal venous plexus and often develop secondary to the persistently elevated venous pressure within the haemorrhoidal plexus. Phlebotonics are a heterogenous class of drugs consisting of plant extracts (i.e. flavonoids) and synthetic compounds (i.e. calcium dobesilate). Although their precise mechanism of action has not been fully established, they are known to improve venous tone, stabilize capillary permeability and increase lymphatic drainage. They have been used to treat a variety of conditions including chronic venous insufficiency, lymphoedema and haemorrhoids. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to investigate the efficacy of phlebotonics in alleviating the signs, symptoms and severity of haemorrhoidal disease and verify their effect post-haemorrhoidectomy. METHODS Search methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in the Cochrane Library 2011 issue 9, MEDLINE (1950 to September 2011) and EMBASE (1974 to September 2011). Selection criteria: Only randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of phlebotonics in treating haemorrhoidal disease were used. No cross-over or cluster-randomized trials were included for analysis and any trial which had a quasi-random method of allocation was excluded. Data collection and analysis: Two authors independently extracted the data and analyzed the eligibility of the data for inclusion. Disagreements were resolved by meaningful discussion. MAIN RESULTS We considered twenty-four studies for inclusion in the final analysis. Twenty of these studies (enrolling a total of 2344 participants) evaluated the use of phlebotonics versus a control intervention. One of these twenty studies evaluated the use of phlebotonics with a medical intervention and another study with rubber band ligation. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The evidence suggests that there is a potential benefit in using phlebotonics in treating haemorrhoidal disease as well as a benefit in alleviating post-haemorrhoidectomy symptoms. Outcomes such as bleeding and overall symptom improvement show a statistically significant beneficial effect and there were few concerns regarding their overall safety from the evidence presented in the clinical trials.Only randomized controlled trials evaluating the use of phlebotonics in treating haemorrhoidal disease were used. No cross-over or cluster-randomized trials were included for analysis and any trial which had a quasi-random method of allocation was excluded
