585 research outputs found
Gender wage gaps and worker mobility: evidence from the garment sector in Bangladesh
No full textData from 70 large export-oriented garment manufacturers in Bangladesh show that
women’s wages are 20 percent lower than men’s and are 8 percent lower even among narrowlydefined production workers. A significant gap remains even after controlling for very precisely
measured skills. Longer careers of men in the sector explain around half of the wage gap, with
the other half due in roughly equal parts to differences in internal and across-factory promotion
rates. Our results are most consistent with broader gender norms, beyond gendered household
responsibilities, driving the gap
Abstract
No full textThis chapter on photosynthesis and productivity in litchi (Litchi chinensis) and longan covers the following: relationship between photosynthesis and plant development; effects of the environment on photosynthesis; assimilate production and distribution; relationship between fruit growth and leaf expansion; relationship between yield and assimilate supply; relationship between fruit size and yield; relationship between yield and tree size; effects of light and temperature on growth and productivity; effects of planting density and pruning on productivity; and practical aspects of pruning. Tabulated data on the productivity of litchi and longan in China and Thailand, and on the effects of leaf position and stage of development on leaf fresh weight and area, chlorophyll content, net carbon dioxide assimilation, and stomatal conductance in litchi (cv. Bengal) in Queensland, Australia, are presented
Abstract
No full textThis chapter on longan and litchi (Litchi chinensis) covers the following: effects of soil type, soil pH, salinity and mycorrhizas on fertilizer requirement; factors affecting leaf composition; leaf and soil analyses, and orchard surveys for fertilizer requirement determination; N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Cu, B and Mn nutrition (concentration and uptake, effects on productivity, and deficiency symptoms); fertilizer programme for young orchards in Australia; and fertigation
Abstract
No full textThis chapter on litchi (Litchi chinensis) and longans covers the following: soil and plant water relations; irrigation requirements; tree water use; irrigation in China, Vietnam and India; soil water uptake; relationship between gas exchange and tree water status; models of leaf gas exchange; relationship between growth and weather; effects of drought on the growth of young trees, flowering in potted plants and orchard trees, and fruit growth and quality; irrigation management; irrigation systems; and monitoring of tree water use
Cultivars and plant improvement
No full textThis chapter summarizes research on cultivar development, cultivar identification, genetic analysis and genetic improvement in litchi (Litchi chinensis) and longan, and describes litchi cultivars in China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines, Indonesia, southern Africa, Israel, Australia and the USA, and longan cultivars in China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Thailand, Australia and the USA
Litchi and longan: botany, production and uses
No full textLitchi (lychee) and the related fruit longan are grown extensively in China and South-East Asia, as well as in Australia, Florida (USA), Southern Europe and Southern Africa. This book represents the only comprehensive, balanced and internationally focused publication on these fruit. It covers all aspects of production, from taxonomy and breeding, to propagation, flowering and fruit set, to diseases, pests and postharvest storage and processing. It also contains information on photosynthesis, productivity, plant-water relations and nutrition
Basic semantic integration
No full textAbstract. The use of highly abstract mathematical frameworks is essential for building the sort of theoretical foundation for semantic integration needed to bring it to the level of a genuine engineering discipline. At the same time, much of the work that has been done by means of these frameworks assumes a certain amount of background knowledge in mathematics that a lot of people working in ontology, even at a fairly high theoretical level, lack. The major purpose of this short paper is provide a (comparatively) simple model of semantic integration that remains within the friendlier confines of first-order languages and their usual classical semantics and logic
Absagen an die neue Heimat. Antiamerikanismus in der Debatte über transatlantische Migration um 1700
No full textAbsagen an die neue Heimat. Antiamerikanismus in der Debatte über transatlantische Migration um 1700
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