1,721,538 research outputs found
Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones et Christopher Andrew (dir.). Eternal Vigilance ? Fifty Years of the CIA
No full textMarchand. Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones et Christopher Andrew (dir.). Eternal Vigilance ? Fifty Years of the CIA . In: Politique étrangère, n°4 - 1997 - 62ᵉannée. pp. 676-677
Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones et Christopher Andrew (dir.). Eternal Vigilance ? Fifty Years of the CIA
No full textMarchand. Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones et Christopher Andrew (dir.). Eternal Vigilance ? Fifty Years of the CIA . In: Politique étrangère, n°4 - 1997 - 62ᵉannée. pp. 676-677
Christopher Andrew et Oleg Gordievsky. Le KGB dans le monde (1917-1990) Victor Ostrovsky et Claire Hoy. Le mossad
No full textJulien Edouard. Christopher Andrew et Oleg Gordievsky. Le KGB dans le monde (1917-1990) Victor Ostrovsky et Claire Hoy. Le mossad. In: Politique étrangère, n°3 - 1991 - 56ᵉannée. pp. 761-765
Mobilisation of private capital in relation to UN sustainable development goals: bank interaction with development finance institutions
No full textMobilising private funding of development finance
No full textSuccessful delivery of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is dependent upon mobilising private sector finance. From a lending perspective, this requires banks to co-invest or otherwise divert more resources to development finance. To provide insights into the effectiveness of this important initiative, this paper reviews key literature across Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar using a defined set of keyword searches. Four main themes of future research are identified. First, the international political economy has an influence on the competitive conditions in development finance and these forces need to be explained. Second, the structure of development projects affects the extent to which private sector capital is willing to be mobilised. More insights are needed into how private sector banks can be influenced. Third, the manner in which development banks participate in development projects affects the availability of credit. A greater understanding of their role could unlock greater financing flows. Finally, it is shown that risk appetite and mitigation of development finance affects pricing and credit availability which is another critical component of delivering the SDGs
Christopher Andrew et Vassili Mitrokhine, Le KGB à l’assaut du Tiers Monde. Agression – corruption – subversion. 1945-1991
No full textTrois ans après la parution de Mitrokhin Archive II en Grande-Bretagne (2005), les éditions Fayard ont publié sa traduction sous un titre plus explicite : Le KGB à l’assaut du Tiers Monde. Agression – corruption – subversion. 1945-1991. Cet ouvrage est d’un genre inconnu en France : c’est le résultat d’une collaboration entre un ancien responsable du KGB, Vassili Mitrokhine, et un universitaire britannique, Christopher Andrew. Dans l’abondance d’ouvrages publiés après la disparition de l’Uni..
The private sector activities of development finance institutions
No full textThis thesis focuses on the efforts by multilateral development banks (MDBs) and other development finance institutions (DFIs) to mobilise the private sector to fulfil the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Paris Agreement on climate change. Capital mobilisation matters because MDBs/DFIs do not have sufficient financial resources to complete the work alone. Consequently, there is an imperative to understand the mechanisms and forces at work that either enhance or inhibit mobilisation. The literature review draws together knowledge from a range of disciplines and frames it against the SDGs for the first time in the context of development of finance. This review highlighted several gaps in the research, some of which are filled in subsequent chapters using a mixed methods approach. An empirical study of competitive conditions using the Panzar-Rosse test reveals the market for development finance to be a competitive oligopoly. This implies that crowding in of private sector commercial banks will face some headwinds. The three qualitative studies were derived from a unique set of elite interviews conducted with 22 senior, front-line investment bankers from 18 banks with a total asset base of $25.6 trillion. A detailed study of Preferred Creditor Status shows that it appears to have no value as a financial asset for banks but does influence risk appetite leading to increased mobilisation. The second study explores the ‘bankability’ of a project or investment, finding that the market structure and practices of MDBs can conflict with the private sector, and that in complete reporting and taxonomies create mismatches between the goals of MDBs and private sector banks. Finally, an exploration of deal execution and structuring highlights various conflicts that could inhibit mobilisation. Complex financial structures to demonstrate additionality can reduce the pool of available financing, securitisation is likely to have limited scope, and MDB governance processes can be a limiting factor on mobilisation. This thesis has reframed the literature on development finance, resolved some research gaps and created a new research agenda. It provides a new perspective on the mechanics of capital mobilisation with value for practitioners engaged with implementing the SDGs, both in MDBs/DFIs and the private sector
Designing a nanoscale x-ray source: towards single molecule x-ray scattering
No full textThis thesis describes the design and construction of a femtosecond X-ray source based on high harmonic generation in an argon filled hollow capillary waveguide. The system has demonstrated excellent efficiency at generating harmonics in the range 20-50 eV and is tuneable by exploiting the ionization-induced blue-shift that occurs in the waveguide. The X-ray source is designed for X-ray scattering experiments, which will ultimately allow the imaging of single biomolecules. Such experiments will require an intense, focused X-ray beam. Towards this aim, this thesis demonstrates focusing techniques based on tapered capillary optics, including a model that was developed to understand their behaviour
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