3 research outputs found
Keine molekulargenetische Evidenz für eine Assoziation von FAM222B mit zerebralen kavernösen Malformationen
Get PDFNach der Identifizierung einer Frameshift-Mutation im FAM222B-Gen im Rahmen einer Exomstudie bei einem familiären Fall sollte in der vorliegenden Arbeit die Hypothese geprüft werden, ob das Gen FAM222B im mutierten Zustand zerebrale kavernöse Malformationen verursachen kann. Mittels SANGER-Sequenzierung des kodierenden Abschnitts sollte geklärt werden, ob bei weiteren für CCM1-3 mutationsnegativen Kavernompatienten kausale Mutationen in FAM222B vorliegen. 2013 waren in FAM222B zwar Missense- und synonyme Varianten bekannt, jedoch keine Loss-of-Function-Mutationen. Als Ergebnis der hier durchgeführten Sequenzierung wurden sowohl im kodierenden als auch im nicht-kodierenden Bereich zwar seltene oder nicht beschriebene Varianten identifiziert. Der Abgleich mit Referenzdatenbanken und die bioinformatische Bewertung ließen deren Einfluss jedoch unwahrscheinlich erscheinen. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit war die quantitative Untersuchung des FAM222B-Gens zum Nachweis von größeren Deletionen. Auch hier konnten jedoch keine größeren Allelverluste nachgewiesen werden. Letztlich konnte bei keinem der 27 mutationsnegativen Indexpatienten eine sicher kausale Mutation in FAM222B identifiziert werden. Die gefundenen Genvarianten sind nicht als ursächlich für die Ausbildung von zerebralen Kavernomen zu werten. In Zusammenschau des Datenbankabgleiches mit aktuellen Vergleichskohorten, der bioinformatischen Bewertung, der quantitativen Analyse und der parallel durchgeführten in vivo Studie gibt es keine sichere molekulargenetische Evidenz für FAM222B als neues Kandidatengen für zerebrale kavernöse Malformationen.After identification of a frameshift-mutation in FAM222B-gene due to exome sequencing within a family, it should be verified, if mutated FAM222B causes cerebral cavernous malformations. By use of SANGER-sequencing in the coding terms we wanted to examine whether there are further mutations in patients who are negative for CCM1-3 whereas presenting cavernomas. In 2013 we have known missense- and synonymous variants in FAM222B, but no loss-of-functions mutations. In sequencing-analysis we could detect rarely and obscure variants, but referring to databases and bioinformatical validation there is no pathological effect. Another focus was the quantitative screening of FAM222B to search für vast deletions. But there was no proof of leakage in this gene in quantitative PCR. Therefore the detected variants are not responsible to cause cavernomas. In synopsis of sequencing, quantitative PCR and in-vivo studies there is no moleculargenetic evidence for FAM222B as a new candidate-gene for cerebral cavernous malformations
Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: An Update on Prevalence, Molecular Genetic Analyses, and Genetic Counselling
Get PDFBased on the latest gnomAD dataset, the prevalence of symptomatic hereditary cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) prone to cause epileptic seizures and stroke-like symptoms was re-evaluated in this review and calculated to be 1:5,400-1:6,200. Furthermore, state-of-the-art molecular genetic analyses of the known CCM loci are described which reach an almost 100% mutation detection rate for familial CCMs if whole genome sequencing is performed for seemingly mutation-negative families. An update on the spectrum of CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3 mutations demonstrates that deep-intronic mutations and submicroscopic copy-number neutral genomic rearrangements are rare. Finally, this review points to current guidelines on genetic counselling, neuroimaging, medical as well as neurosurgical treatment and highlights the formation of active patient organizations in various countries
Prospective study on the incidence, prevalence and 5-year pancreatic-related mortality of pancreatic cysts in a population-based study
No full textObjectiveTo analyse the prevalence, incidence and clinical relevance of pancreatic cysts detected as incidental finding in a population-based longitudinal study.DesignA total of 1077 participants (521 men, mean age 55.8±12.8 years) of 2333 participants from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) underwent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP) at baseline (2008–2012). MRCP was analysed for pancreatic cysts with a diameter ≥2 mm. 676/1077 subjects received a 5-year follow-up (2014–2016). The prevalence and incidence of pancreatic cysts (weighted for study participation) were assessed in association to age, gender and suspected epidemiological risk factors. Mortality follow-up was performed in 2015 for all SHIP participants (mean follow-up period 5.9 years, range 3.2–7.5 years).ResultsAt baseline pancreatic cysts had a weighted prevalence of 49.1%, with an average number of 3.9 (95% CI 3.2 to 4.5) cysts per subject in the subgroup harbouring cysts. Cyst size ranged from 2 to 29 mm. Prevalence (p<0.001), number (p=0.001) and maximum size (p<0.001) increased significantly with age. The 5-year follow-up revealed a weighted incidence of 12.9% newly detected pancreatic cysts. 57.1% of the subjects initially harbouring pancreatic cysts showed an increase in number and/or maximum cyst size. Of all subjects undergoing MRCP, no participant died of pancreatic diseases within mortality follow-up.ConclusionThe prevalence of pancreatic cysts in the general population is unexpectedly high, and their number and size increase with age. Overall, no pancreatic cancer was observed in this collective during a 5-year follow-up. Nevertheless, prospective follow-up imaging showed minimal progress in more than 50%. Only about 6% of cysts and 2.5% of the study group initially presented with cysts of more than 1 cm and thus might be clinically meaningful.</jats:sec
