468 research outputs found
Gemälde des menschlichen Herzens
No full textKupferstich unterzeichnet von: G. M. Kraus ... C. Müller sc.Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Halle und Leipzig, bey Johann Gottfried Ruff. 1801.Frontisp. (Kupferst.
Schicksale und fröhliche Ereignisse der Stadt Halle vom Sept. 1813 bis 1814 : Erzählungen, Beschreibungen, Gedichte [et]c. ; Mit einer Kupfertafel / gesammelt und herausgegeben zum Besten der verwundeten Krieger und hülsbedürftigen Wittwen und Waisen unserer Stadt von Dr. C. A. Buhle
No full textVorlage des Erscheinungsvermerks: Halle und Leipzig, in der Ruffschen Verlagshandlung, 1815.1 Ill. (Kupferst.
Einfach so drauflosexperimentieren geht nicht
No full textIn der Neuroökonomie werden bisweilen auch Gedanken manipuliert. Das weckt Abwehrreflexe. Der Neuroökonom Christian Ruff sieht aber wenig Missbrauchspotenzial
Neues Jagdspiel zum Nutzen und Vergnügen für die Jugend : nebst einer kurzen Beschreibung des Holzes, der Jagd, jagdbaren Thiere und einem Jagdliedchen / von C. A. Buhle ... Hierbei ein Kästchen mit auserlesenen Zinnfiguren / gefertiget vom Graveur Fischer
No full textVorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Halle, gedruckt bei Johann Gottfried Ruf
Es gibt das Gute durchaus
No full textNeuroökonome Christian Ruff über die biologische Grundlage unseres Entscheidungsverhaltens.
Der Mensch versteht viele Dinge – nur sein eigenes Gehirn kaum. Die Neuroökonomie will herausfinden, wieso wir gewisse Entscheidungen rational und anderer irrational fällen. Sie zeigt Wege auf, wie wir Entscheide optimieren könnten. Werden wir durch solche Erkenntnisse eines Tages zu besseren Investoren, Managern, Bürgern oder gar Menschen
Untangling perceptual memory: hysteresis and adaptation map into separate cortical networks
No full textPerception is an active inferential process in which prior knowledge is combined with sensory input, the result of which determines the contents of awareness. Accordingly, previous experience is known to help the brain "decide" what to perceive. However, a critical aspect that has not been addressed is that previous experience can exert 2 opposing effects on perception: An attractive effect, sensitizing the brain to perceive the same again (hysteresis), or a repulsive effect, making it more likely to perceive something else (adaptation). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and modeling to elucidate how the brain entertains these 2 opposing processes, and what determines the direction of such experience-dependent perceptual effects. We found that although affecting our perception concurrently, hysteresis and adaptation map into distinct cortical networks: a widespread network of higher-order visual and fronto-parietal areas was involved in perceptual stabilization, while adaptation was confined to early visual areas. This areal and hierarchical segregation may explain how the brain maintains the balance between exploiting redundancies and staying sensitive to new information. We provide a Bayesian model that accounts for the coexistence of hysteresis and adaptation by separating their causes into 2 distinct terms: Hysteresis alters the prior, whereas adaptation changes the sensory evidence (the likelihood function)
Dataset on the bearing capacity of curved profiles obtained by roll forming process
No full textThe paper shows experimental data concerning the bearing capacity of curved profile sheets achieved by roll forming process.
Two different restraint configurations were considered, respectively named A and B and representing the only bending and the axial-bending conditions. Two different experimental setup, i.e. single span with and without horizontal restraints were adopted. Trapezoidal and sinusoidal steel sheets with variable thickness and curvature radius were tested. Setup configurations, collapse
mechanisms and load-deflection diagrams are presented
Transcranial direct current stimulation of the posterior parietal cortex modulates arithmetic learning
No full textThe successful acquisition of arithmetic skills is an essential step in the development of mathematical competencies and has been associated with neural activity in the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC). It is unclear, however, whether this brain region plays a causal role in arithmetic skill acquisition and whether arithmetic learning can be modulated by means of non-invasive brain stimulation of this key region. In the present study we addressed these questions by applying transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the left PPC during a short-term training that simulates the typical path of arithmetic skill acquisition (specifically the transition from effortful procedural to memory-based problem-solving strategies). Sixty participants received either anodal, cathodal or sham tDCS while practising complex multiplication and subtraction problems. The stability of the stimulation-induced learning effects was assessed in a follow-up test 24h after the training. Learning progress was modulated by tDCS. Cathodal tDCS (compared with sham) decreased learning rates during training and resulted in poorer performance which lasted over 24h after stimulation. Anodal tDCS showed an operation-specific improvement for subtraction learning. Our findings extend previous studies by demonstrating that the left PPC is causally involved in arithmetic learning (and not only in arithmetic performance) and that even a short-term tDCS application can modulate the success of arithmetic knowledge acquisition. Moreover, our finding of operation-specific anodal stimulation effects suggests that the enhancing effects of tDCS on learning can selectively affect just one of several cognitive processes mediated by the stimulated area.Swiss National Science Foundation [100014_140515, 151641
Dynamical representation of dominance relationships in the human medial prefrontal cortex: Additional information
No full textThis document provides additional results and discussion associated with the paper published in Current Biology by Ligneul R, Obeso I, Ruff C and Dreher J
Shared neural mechanisms between imagined and perceived egocentric motion - A combined GVS and fMRI study
No full textResearch ReportShared neural mechanisms between imagined andperceived egocentric motioneA combined GVSand fMRI studyGianluca Macaudaa,*, Marius Moisab, Fred W. Masta, Christian C. Ruffb,Lars Michelsc,1and Bigna Lenggenhagerd,1aDepartment of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandbZurich Center for Neuroeconomics (ZNE), Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandcDepartment for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlanddDepartment of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerlandarticle infoArticle history:Received 16 November 2018Reviewed 20 December 2018Revised 6 February 2019Accepted 2 April 2019Action editor Paolo BartolomeoPublished online 12 April 2019Keywords:Egocentric mental rotationGalvanic vestibular stimulationFunctional magnetic resonanceimagingabstractMany cognitive and social processes involve mental simulations of a change in perspective.Behavioral studies suggest that such egocentric mental rotations rely on brain areas thatare also involved in processing actual self-motion, thus depending on vestibular input. In acombined galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) and functional Magnetic Resonance Im-aging (fMRI) study, we investigated the brain areas that underlie both simulated changes inself-location and the processing of vestibular stimulation within the same individuals.Participants performed an egocentric mental rotation task, an object-based mental rotationtask, or a pure lateralization task during GVS or sham stimulation. At the neural level, weexpected an overlap between brain areas activated during vestibular processing andegocentric mental rotation (against object-based mental rotation) within area OP2 and thePosterior Insular Cortex (PIC), two core brain regions involved in vestibular processing. ThefMRI data showed a small overlap within area OP2 and a larger overlap within the PIC forboth egocentric mental rotation against object-based mental rotation and vestibular pro-cessing. GVS did not influence the ability to perform egocentric mental rotation. Our resultsprovide evidence for shared neural mechanisms underlying perceived and simulated self-motion. We conclude that mental rotation of one's body involves neural activity in the PICand area OP2, but the behavioral results also suggest that those mental simulations of one'sbody might be robust to modulatory input from vestibular stimulation
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