8,428 research outputs found
The Structure of Wetsern Chou Dynasty and the Significance of "Ch\u27eng" : Why "Ch\u27eng Chou"Was Called "Ch\u27eng Chou"?
Full text linkAfter the Chou conquest of the Shang by King Wu 武, the “possessor of the four quarters (ssu-fang 四方)”, they followed the will of King Wu to establish a bureaucratic center of the four quarters, referred to as “Ch\u27eng Chou 成周” or “Chung-kuo 中国”.What did the word “ch\u27eng” mean to the contemporary when it was used in the name “Ch\u27eng Chou”? This article attempts to answer this question not by analyzing the inherent meaning of the word ch\u27eng itself but by its actual uses in the Western Chou bronze inscriptions.It has been found that in terms of broad categorization there are following two usages: (1) the word ch\u27eng appears in the inscriptions dealing with the appeasement of “international” strifes among the “four quarters” and (2) it appears used in the inscriptions dealing with law suit and contract.The present article suggests that in the case of (1) above the Chou administered the “four quarters” by accomplishing to appease the conflicts among the barbarians which had occurred within the territories of the “four quarters”, so that the meaning of ch\u27eng in Ch\u27eng Chou was to rule the “four quarters” from the bureaucratic center created under the name of “Chung-kuo”.The establishment of the dynasty was thus based on such controls of the four quarters.These “four quarters” were located “outside” of the Chung-kuo.And the fact that they were so geographically seems to present an enormous difference between the situation in the succeeding dynasties of Ch\u27in 秦 and Han 漢 whose direct target area of administration were confined to the “inside” of the “Chung-kuo”.The significance of ch\u27eng in “Ch\u27eng Chou”, used to refer to the “Chung-kuo” created by the will of King Wu, may be considered to reflect such analysis as attempted in this article
TACC3-ch-TOG track the growing tips of microtubules independently of clathrin and Aurora-A phosphorylation
Full text linkThe interaction between TACC3 (transforming acidic coiled coil protein 3) and the microtubule polymerase ch-TOG (colonic, hepatic tumor overexpressed gene) is evolutionarily conserved. Loading of TACC3–ch-TOG onto spindle microtubules requires the phosphorylation of TACC3 by Aurora-A kinase and the subsequent interaction of TACC3 with clathrin to form a microtubule binding surface. Whether there is a pool of TACC3–ch-TOG that is independent of clathrin in human cells, and what is the function of this pool, are open questions. Here, we report that TACC3 is recruited to the plus-ends of microtubules by its association with ch-TOG and that this pool is independent of phosphorylation and binding to clathrin. The plus-end binding of TACC3–ch-TOG persists in interphase and we propose that one cellular function of TACC3–ch-TOG is to modulate cell migration. We also describe the distinct subcellular pools of TACC3, ch-TOG and clathrin. TACC3 is often described as a centrosomal protein, but we show that there is no significant population of TACC3 at centrosomes. The delineation of distinct protein pools reveals a simplified view of how these proteins are organized and controlled by post-translational modification
Ecotypic variation of Imperatia cylindrica populations in Taiwan: II. Physiological and biochemical evidence
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Effect of 2-month detraining on body composition and insulin sensitivity in young female dancers
No full text[[abstract]]Objective: To investigate the effect of 2-month detraining on body composition and glucose tolerance for female collegiate dancers. Design: Longitudinal study of dancers who stopped their regular training for 2 months. Subjects: 16 female collegiate dancers (age: 19.7 +/- 0.11 year, body mass index (BMI): 20.7 +/- 0.56 kg/m(2)). Measurements: BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin response during OGTT, and blood lipids at baseline and after a 2-month detraining. Results: Glucose tolerance was not significantly affected by the detraining, but the fasted insulin and insulin levels during OGTT were significantly elevated. Fasted free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride levels were significantly elevated without change in cholesterol level. BMI was not significantly altered during this detraining period, but the waist circumference and WHR ratio were significantly elevated. Conclusion: Only a 2-month cessation of regular training in female dancers significantly elevated basal and postprandial insulin levels and triglycerides, and were associated with increased basal FFA. This result appears to be partly related to the increased central fatness but not body mass, indicating that the early development of obesity due to reduced physical activity may not necessarily reflect on weight status. A warning is thus warranted for those young women who depend on weight measurement for body fat status monitoring.[[note]]SC
Fabrication and characterization of high-T-c YBa2Cu3O7-x nanoSQUIDs made by focused ion beam milling
No full textFeasibility of the simultaneous ocular and cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in unilateral vestibular hypofunction. 120: 1699-1705
No full textCHOU EN-LAI, CREATIVE REVOLUTIONARY
No full textThis biographic study of Chou En-lai covers the period from his birth to the age of twenty-nine and traces the early emergence of key leadership characteristics. Psychoanalytic theory is used as an interpretive framework and Erik Erikson\u27s theories regarding the stages of personality development and growth are applied. Basic causes, from the Freudian point of view, of Chou\u27s impulses towards revolutionary activity are identified.^ The study opens with an analysis of Chou En-lai\u27s family background, education and experience as a teen-ager. His years in Europe, especially France, where he committed himself to communism, are analyzed in detail. Consideration is also given to the background of his wife, Teng Ying-ch\u27ao, and to their marriage.^ Chou En-lai\u27s early political career after he returned to China is emphasized. This includes the period of the first United Front between the Kuomintang and the Chinese Communist Party, when Chou was Political Director of the Whampoa Military Academy, Commissioner of the East River District and Political Adviser to the First Division of the National Revolutionary Army, which was commanded by Chiang Kai-shek. It also includes his activities as an underground operative in Shanghai during the period of the breakdown of the alliance. The study concludes with a reconstruction of the Nanch\u27ang Rebellion of 1927. Chou En-lai played a major role in that insurrection, which, although a failure at the time, is now regarded as having led to the founding of the Chinese Red Army.
Detection of baculovirus associated with white spot syndrome (WSBV) in penaeid shrimps using polymerase chain reaction.
No full textInteractive effect of an acute bout of resistance exercise and dehydroepiandrosterone administration on glucose tolerance and serum lipids in middle-aged women
No full text[[abstract]]The present study determined the interactive effect of an acute bout of resistance exercise and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administration on glucose tolerance and serum lipids. Twenty middle-aged female subjects performed an acute bout of resistance exercise and were subsequently divided into two groups: placebo (age 40.7 +/- 2.0) and DHEA administered (age 39.0 +/- 2.7). Ten subjects who received DHEA (age 41.5 +/- 4.6) participated in a non-exercise control. DHEA (25 mg twice daily) or placebo was orally supplemented for 48 hours. Before exercise and 48 hours after the last exercise bout (14 hours after the last DHEA intake), an oral glucose tolerance test and an insulin concentration were determined. Levels of fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), creatine kinase (CK) were also measured. The DHEA administration significantly elevated the fasting dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) level by approximately 3-fold. Both acute resistance exercise and DHEA administration improved glucose tolerance, but no addictive effect was found. Furthermore, exercise and DHEA administration did not affect serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels, but both lipids were significantly lowered when DREA was given following exercise. Resistance exercise induced elevations in serum CK and TNF alpha levels, but these increases were attenuated by the DHEA administration. The new finding of this study was that post-exercise DHEA administration decreased serum triglycerides and cholesterol. This effect appeared to be associated with its TNF-a lowering action.[[note]]SC
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