17 research outputs found
Teacher education versus teacher training: epistemic practices and appropriate application of both terminologies.
No full textIn this article, the author presents a practice-based
approach, of an analysis of two concepts; teacher
education and teacher training, to preparing candidates
for quality teaching. The emphasis is on understanding
the meaning of the two terms based on what educational
thinkers have come to understand and appreciate as the
reasoning behind each one of them. Thus, the author
delimited himself to what is meant when the two terms
are used rather than providing empirical data on the
quality of teachers produced as a result of which term is
used in teacher preparation. The philosophical stance
in this article is that the meaning of these concepts
influences the design of learning experiences for
prospective teachers, the framing of their curriculum,
and the attitudes teacher educators will have in the
preparation process. Others may actually be tempted
to think anyone can teach since they assume teaching
is innate or natural. However, the author explains the
necessity and urgency of teacher education and training
if quality teachers are to be produced so as to achieve
effective curriculum implementation in schools
Teacher Education versus Teacher Training: Epistemic Practices and Appropriate Application of both Terminologies
No full textIn this article, the author presents a practice-based approach, of an analysis of two concepts; teacher education and teacher training, to preparing candidates for quality teaching. The emphasis is on understanding the meaning of the two terms based on what educational thinkers have come to understand and appreciate as the reasoning behind each one of them. Thus, the author delimited himself to what is meant when the two terms are used rather than providing empirical data on the quality of teachers produced as a result of which term is used in teacher preparation. The philosophical stance in this article is that the meaning of these concepts influences the design of learning experiences for prospective teachers, the framing of their curriculum, and the attitudes teacher educators will have in the preparation process. Others may actually be tempted to think anyone can teach since they assume teaching is innate or natural. However, the author explains the necessity and urgency of teacher education and training if quality teachers are to be produced so as to achieve effective curriculum implementation in schools
Rethinking quality assurance in curriculum development and implementation for higher education in Africa.
No full textFar-reaching advances and change in technology, climate and global economic integration are
transforming the way we live today in ways that we do not yet fully understand. In sub-Saharan Africa,
these uncertainties make a dramatic increase in population and a rapid expansion and demand in higher
education. This creates challenges especially where higher education curriculum development and
quality assurance are concerned since higher education has to provide the much needed appropriate
work force. In this paper, the author explores the opportunities that quality assurance in higher
education curriculum development can ride on using the thinking behind 21st century competencies. The
chronicle of this discussion combines clear academic definitions of curriculum, curriculum development
and then an analysis of how 21st century competencies may bench mark quality assurance in curriculum
development for higher education. The final section of the paper brings together some challenges that
are real threats and impediments to quality assurance in curriculum development in most African
tertiary institutions. In the conclusion, the author feels that there are no reasons why African countries
cannot transform challenges into stepping stones through quality assurance and improvement of their
higher education sector so as to make it vibrant and productive. This will require a mind-set
transformation
Identification and determination of narcotic and psychotropic substances in hair and urine
No full textTato bakalářská práce se zabývá klasifikací, extrakcí a stanovením nelegálních drog. V první kapitole je bakalářská práce zaměřena na chemickou klasifikaci nelegálních drog, jejich využití a účinky. Ve druhé části se věnuje pozornost extrakci a analýze nelegálních drog v biologických materiálech (tj. moči, krvi a vlasech). A v poslední části se pojednává o stanovení v těchto jednotlivých biologických materiálech.This bachelor thesis deals with the classification, extraction and determination of illicit drugs. In the first chapter, the author focuses on the chemical classification of illicit drugs, their uses and effects. In the second part, she pays attention to the extraction and analysis of illicit drugs in biological materials (i.e. urine, blood and hair). And lastly, the determination in these individual biological materials.Fakulta chemicko-technologickáMožnosti pokračování práce, využití krve pro stanovení, problematika stanovení zakázaných látek z vlasůDokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo
Coming of age with HIV: a temporal understanding of young women's experiences in Zambia.
No full textYoung perinatally-infected women living with HIV in Zambia grew up alongside antiretroviral therapy (ART) roll-out and expanding prevention programmes. We used Bonnington's temporal framework to understand how HIV impacted the experiences of these women over time. Data were drawn from two sequential studies with a cohort of young women living with HIV: a qualitative study in 2014-16 and an ethnographic study in 2017-18. Data from workshops, in-depth interviews, participant observation and diaries were analysed thematically, guided by three temporalities within the framework: everyday, biographical and epochal time. In everyday time, repetitive daily treatment-taking reminded young women of their HIV status, affecting relationships and leading to secrecy with ART. In biographical time, past events including HIV disclosure, experiences of illness, and loss shaped present experiences and future aspirations. Lastly, in epochal time, the women's HIV infection and their survival were intimately interlinked with the history of ART availability. The epochal temporal understanding leads us to extend Reynolds Whyte's notion of "biogeneration" to conceptualise these women, whose experiences of living with HIV are enmeshed with their biosocial environment. Support groups for young women living with HIV should help them to process biographical events, as well as supporting their everyday needs
Conceptualization and definition of a curriculum.
No full textSome years ago in my first semester of graduate
studies, my mentor, Paul Ogula, introduced me to the
idea that curriculum is “the world in drag,” the way
we dice up the experience of the world into tidy but
arbitrary packages until it is again recoded as it enters
the ceremonies, structures, and rituals of schooling.
I puzzled over this idea for some time, working to
reconcile my initial understanding of curriculum drawn
from my years of classroom practice as a secondary
school teacher. Even in defining curriculum at its most
basic understanding one will find himself surrounded
by a myriad of definitions. This paper offers a basis
for scholars aiming at theoretical and experiential
guidance for conceptualization of the word curriculum.
Rooted in the literature of philosophy of education,
some assumed meanings of curriculum and the
theoretical and experiential views of several scholars,
the author illustrates the foundational elements and
dimensions of curriculum that ought not to miss in a
valid definition of the word
Algorithmic Bias: Sources and Responses
No full textWednesday, March 18, 2020, 10:00 a.m.-2:30 p.m., McCartan Courtroom, Notre Dame Law School
Keynote speaker: Cathy O\u27Neil, big data scientist and New York Times bestselling author. Algorithms: for whom do they fail?
Plus panels featuring: Shaun Barry, Global Leader for Government, Healthcare, and Utilities at SAS Kevin Bowyer, Schubmehl-Prein Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the Universityof Notre Dame Genevieve Fried, Technology Fellow at Al Now Ryan Hagemann, Co-Director at IBM Policy Lab Sara Jordan, Policy Counsel at Future of Privacy Forum Kirsten Martin, Linder Gamba I Professor of Business Ethics at George Washington University School of Business Ron Metoyer, Associate Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Notre Dame (moderator) Scott Nestler, Academic Director, MS in Business Analytics at Mendoza College of Business, University of Notre Dame (moderator) Mutale Nkonde, CEO of Al For the People Kate Vredenburgh, postdoctoral fellow, Ethics in Society and HAI at Stanford Universityhttps://scholarship.law.nd.edu/ndls_posters/1461/thumbnail.jp
Situating HIV Stigma in Health Facility Settings: A Qualitative Study of Experiences and Perceptions of Stigma in 'Clinics' among Healthcare Workers and Service Users in Zambia.
No full textThe study focused on the representations, processes and effects of HIV stigma for healthcare workers living with HIV within health facilities in Zambia. A descriptive study design was deployed. A total of 56 health workers and four service user participants responded to a structured questionnaire (n = 50) or took part in key informant interviews (n = 10) in five high HIV-prevalence provinces. Most participants did not disclose if they were living with HIV, except for four participants who responded to the questionnaire and were selected for being open about living with HIV. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with health workers in key government health facility positions. The questions were standardized and used a Likert scale. Descriptive statistical and thematic analyses were applied to the data. Results show that antiretroviral treatment (ART) has an impact on stigma reduction. Almost half the participants agreed that treatment is reducing levels of HIV stigma. However, fears of exposure of HIV status and labelling and judgemental attitudes persist. No comprehensive stigma reduction policies and guidelines in healthcare facilities were mentioned. Informal flexible systems to deliver HIV services were in place for health workers living with HIV, illustrating how stigma can be quietly navigated. Lack of confidentiality in healthcare facilities plays a role in fuelling disclosure issues and hampering access to testing and treatment. Stigma reduction training needs standardization. Further, codes of conduct for 'stigma-free healthcare settings' should be developed
Compression‑only precast block construction system using BIM and custom interoperability tools for collaboration between engineers and architects
No full textCurrently, the construction industry contributes 8% per year to greenhouse gas emissions
which is more than 3 times that of the aviation industry. Steel corrosion affects
the durability of reinforced concrete structures, reduces their service life, and
increases the lifecycle maintenance costs. For these reasons, this study proposes
collaborative BIM‑based
workflows and design for a new sustainable compression‑only
structural block construction system. Computational and parametric design
were used to create a compression‑only
shell structural shape through form‑finding
in Rhinoceros/Grasshopper 3D. Once the overall structural shape was obtained, it
was thickened and tessellated thereby defining its discrete elements. The construction
sequence of precast elements was implemented automatically with a cellular
automata algorithm. Then, a custom tool was created that linked the structural shape
generated to the structural analysis software DIANA and automated the phased
analysis which incorporated the construction sequencing. Thereafter, finite element
analysis (FEA) was used to evaluate the structural behaviour. Additionally, a collaborative
workflow was set up such that engineers and architects can work together to
create the most optimal structural shape in a BIM environment mediated through
computational design tools. Through a case study to evaluate the framework, results
show that with the proposed workflows, an infinite number of arbitrary compression‑only
structural shapes can be defined using form‑finding
principles. Although, there
were tensile stresses present during the phased construction they can be further
minimised with the use of minimal construction supports.The first author acknowledges the Erasmus Mundus Joint Master’s Degree Scholarship from the European Union for the BIM A+ European Masters Course 2020/2021, during which the work was conducted. This work was partly financed by FCT / MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) under the R&D Unit Institute for Sustainability and Innovation in Structural Engineering (ISISE), under reference UIDB/04029/2020 and
the R&D Unit Landscapes, Heritage and Territory Laboratory (Lab2PT), under reference UIDB/04509/2020
An examination of constraints on fruit production by smallholder farmers in Vhembe District
No full textMRDVInstitute for Rural DevelopmentThe production of fruit commodity is crucial for livelihood, job creation and income generation. Smallholder fruit farming has become one of the key strategies to tackle the problems relating to health, lack of employment and poverty amongst rural people. The purpose of this study was to investigate fruit production levels by smallholder farmers in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province, with special focus on mango, avocado, and macadamia nuts. The author investigated factors affecting smallholder fruit farmer's productivity and suggested policy recommendations that could lead to enhanced production. The author used both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection by interviewing smallholder fruit farmers, and officials dealing with fruit production using structured and unstructured administered questionnaires in making observations of their farming practices. Out of a total population of 439 fruit producers, 224 were selected by employing the stratified random sampling procedures in Thulamela, Makhado and Mutale local municipalities in Vhembe District. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 2012, 20) was used to capture and analyse data. This was done to draw frequencies and cross tabulations. Content analysis, frequency distribution, and descriptive statistics were used to answer the objectives of the study. The study revealed shortage of water, low input use, lack of storage facilities, inadequate access to land, insecure tenure, insufficient pests, insects and diseases control, lack of access roads, labour, communication infrastructure and lack of practical management skills as major constrains contributing to low fruit production. It was envisaged that the results of the research would provide compelling scientific information that would help create a better platform for implementing improved farming strategies by government
