9 research outputs found
Ethnicity and upper airway measurements: A study in South Indian population
No full textBackground and Aims: Most studies on upper airway are conducted based on airway measurements in the western population. We set out to find the normal values of upper airway measurements in South Indian population. The aim of this study was to perform various upper airway examinations and to set standards for normal measurements in the South Indian population as well as to analyse the data for predictors of difficult intubation. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary cancer hospital in Southern India. Airway assessment parameters, including modified Mallampati classification (MPC), upper lip bite test (ULBT), sternomental distance, thyromental distance (TMD), and the inter-incisor distance were documented for 2004 patients meeting the inclusion criteria. Laryngoscopic view after induction was graded as per Cormack and Lehane's (CL) classification. Any CL ≥3 was considered to be difficult laryngoscopy. The collected data (2004 cases) was analyed with SPSS software version 17. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to determine cut-offs in the population. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value were computed. Results: MPC, ULBT, and ratio of height to TMD (RHTMD) predicted difficult intubation with sensitivity of 40.86%, 45.53% and 64.60%, respectively and these were statistically significant with P < 0.001. Using the area under the curve of the ROC curve and discrimination analysis normal RHTMD in our population had a cut off value of 17.1. Conclusion: The cut off value for RHTMD to predict difficult laryngoscopy in the South Indian population is 17.1
Classification of Cervical Cancer Using Artificial Neural Networks
No full textAbstractArtificial neural network (ANN) plays an important role in many medical imaging applications. The detection of cervical cancer cells uses an ANN for classifying the normal and abnormal cells in the cervix region of the uterus. Cervical cancer detection is very challenging because this cancer occurs without any symptoms. The classification between the normal, abnormal and cancerous cells is identified by using an artificial neural network which produces accurate results than the manual screening methods like Pap smear and Liquid cytology based (LCB) test. The ANN uses several architectures for easy and accurate detection of cervical cells. In this paper, a survey and analysis on the different types of architecture in the ANN with its accuracy results and performance are discussed. A brief description about the working and detection of cervical cancer is presented which is useful for the classification of normal and abnormal cervical cells
Unusual Echocardiographic Diagnosis of a Metastatic Thrombus - A Case Report
No full textRenal cell carcinoma has high propensity for intravascular and lymphatic spread. In one percent of such cases, tumor can reach up to the right atrium. This case reports the postoperative tumor embolization in a patient with renal cell carcinoma. An elderly female underwent a left radical nephrectomy and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombectomy. She developed atrial fibrillation on the sixth postoperative day following the surgery in the postoperative unit. A bedside transthoracic echocardiogram detected a migrating echo dense structure moving across the tricuspid valve. Following this, she underwent an urgent right atriotomy and extraction of the tumor thrombus through cardiopulmonary bypass. The occurrence of atrial fibrillation in this patient with renal cell cancer in the postoperative period could have possibly been trigerred by a tumor thrombus in the right atrium
ON THE NONOSCILLATORY BEHAVIOR OF SOLUTIONS OF THREE CLASSES OF FRACTIONAL DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS
No full textPrince Sultan University through research group Nonlinear Analysis Methods in Applied Mathematics (NAMAM) [RG-DES-2017-0]; DST-FIST Scheme, New Delhi, IndiaDepartment of Science & Technology (India) [SR/FST/MSI-115/2016]J. Alzabut would like to thank Prince Sultan University for supporting this work through research group Nonlinear Analysis Methods in Applied Mathematics (NAMAM) group number RG-DES-2017-0.; The fourth author was supported by DST-FIST Scheme (Grant No: SR/FST/MSI-115/2016), New Delhi, India.In this paper, we study the nonoscillatory behavior of three classes of fractional difference equations. The investigations are presented in three different folds. Unlike most existing nonoscillation results which have been established by employing Riccati transformation technique, we employ herein an easily verifiable approach based on the fractional Taylor's difference formula, some features of discrete fractional calculus and mathematical inequalities. The theoretical findings are demonstrated by examples. We end the paper by a concluding remark
International Journal of Mathematical Combinatorics, Vol.6
No full textThe International J.Mathematical Combinatorics (ISSN 1937-1055) is a fully refereed international journal, sponsored by the MADIS of Chinese Academy of Sciences and published in USA quarterly comprising 460 pages approx. per volume, which publishes original research papers and survey articles in all aspects of Smarandache multi-spaces, Smarandache geometries, mathematical combinatorics, non-euclidean geometry and topology and their applications to other sciences
Improving the Cardamom Marketing: Assessing the Marketing Efficiency of Cardamom in Theni District, Tamil Nadu
No full textIntroduction: The cardamom is the oldest spices and belongs to Zingiberaceae family. It is cultivated in the thick shady, rainy forests of the Western Ghats of the South India. The major growing states are Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in reference to green cardamom (Small) and its botanical name Elettaria cardamomum. The part of Theni district is constituted by thick vegetations of hills of Western Ghats and Cumbum Valley at Bodi and Uthamapalayam taluk. In these areas, the farmers are cultivating the Cardamom. This study aims to find out the socio-economic characters, marketing behavior, assess the marketing efficiency of different supply channels and ranking the major problems faced by farmers to market their agricultural product.
Methodology: The author used both primary and secondary data. The maximum area covered by cardamom was used as criteria for selecting the blocks. Purposive random sampling method was used to select the villages and the data was collected from the 60 farmers and other stakeholders using well-structured questionnaire. The descriptive statistics and percentage analysis were used for interpreting the results. For marketing analysis, marketing costs, marketing margin and price spread were estimated. For marketing efficiency, Acharya’s method (2003) was used.
Results: The 34 respondents with 56.67 percent were found to be 21-35 years of age group. It was found that 7 respondents only with 11.67 percent and 26 respondents with 43.33 percent were found to be illiterate and the annual turnover of 1-5 lakh respectively. Using Acharya’s method (2003), the marketing efficiency of the channel I, II, III were 5.92, 9.97, 7.27 respectively. The price spread in the marketing channel I, II, and III are Rs. 295.94 per Kg, Rs. 163.54 per Kg and 229.48 per Kg respectively. It was shown that channel II is efficient due to high efficiency value and less price spread. Producer in the marketing channel II had highest share (90.88) in consumer rupee. The result showed that the Lack of timely adequate funds were major problem faced by the cardamom farmers with garret mean score of 65.23. The financial problems were common in the respondents.
Conclusion: Marketing channel II was efficient because the spice auction center plays a vital role in protecting the farmer as well as consumer from the malpractices and exploitation of Intermediaries and to provide the transparency in trading operations of cardamom. The government may increase the financial assistance or technical support program to support the cardamom growers of the Tamil Nadu. The board should educate the farmers to grade or sort the cardamom before entering the e-Auction center to get better price for better quality of the commodity and to expand the pilot project of separate e-auctions for lab tested cardamom for artificial colours and pesticidal residues to potential markets of Tamil Nadu
Vasopressor use after noncardiac surgery: an international observational study
No full textBackground: Hypotension after major noncardiac surgery is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and costs, and is often treated with postoperative vasopressor infusions. The frequency of administration in the postoperative period is unknown. Methods: This international prospective cohort study was conducted between October 2020 and October 2023. At each hospital, adults undergoing noncardiac surgery were enrolled into two cohorts: all consecutive patients for 1 week (Cohort A) and an additional sample of up to 30 consecutive patients administered postoperative vasopressor infusions within 1 yr (Cohort B). The primary outcome (Cohort A) was the incidence of postoperative vasopressor infusions, defined as any continuous infusion of vasopressors. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, organ dysfunction, length of hospital stay, and complications associated with postoperative vasopressor infusions (both cohorts). Results: In total, 25 675 participants were enrolled from 228 hospitals across 42 countries. In Cohort A, 770/19 768 (3.9%) participants received postoperative vasopressor infusions, with vasopressor use ranging between 0% and 18% across hospitals (median odds ratio: 2.30 [credible interval 1.96–2.73]). This variability did not alter after adjustment for case-mix and procedural characteristics. For both cohorts, postoperative vasopressor infusions were associated with higher (15.5%) in-hospital mortality, higher rates of organ failure, and longer hospital stay. Conclusions: Administration of postoperative vasopressors after noncardiac surgery varied across hospitals and was associated with worse outcomes. Variable practice across hospitals could not be explained by differences in case-mix. Clinical trial registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03805230, ESAIC tracking ID: ESAIC_CTN_SQUEEZE
