1,721,172 research outputs found

    Link capacity and signal power of CDMA systems according to spreading code and bandwidth allocations in multipath fading environments

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    Reverse link performance analyses of single-code (SC) and multi-code (NIC) CDMA systems in multipath fading environments are presented. The degree of orthogonality loss among multiple spreading code channels is characterized by introducing the orthogonality factor. This factor depends on the multipath delay power profiles of the propagation channel and the number of paths resolved at a Rake receiver. The link capacity and the signal power of both CDMA systems are then analyzed according to varying system parameters, including spreading bandwidth, traffic load, the orthogonality factor, and the number of spreading codes assigned to a user. Analytical results show that the SC-CDMA system provides a larger link capacity and NIC users require more power than SC users. The dominant parameters affecting the performance difference are the spreading bandwidth and multipath delay power profiles

    Use of an Adaptive Window in PID-plus Bang-Bang Control : A Motor Control Experiment

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    PID-type controllers have been widely used in many industrial applications. Regulation properties of those can be improved through the addition of the Bang-Bang action. In spite of the potentials of this PID-plus Bang-Bang controller, their regulation properties are still limited if a fixed window limit is used in selection of a control action between PID and Bang-Bang action. Thus, this paper proposes an approach to improving regulation properties. Our approach changes window limits adaptable to plant dynamics by use of a Gradient Based Prediction Model. We experimented our control scheme with a DC servo-motor system. It has been shown through experiment that our control scheme outperformed than existing one in terms of overshoot, rise time and settling time.The authors would like to thank reviewers. Their helpful comments enalble us to improve the quality of this paper

    Prerequisite for photoluminescence D line spectra of heat-treated carbon-lean Czochralski silicon crystals

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    We present a systematic experimental investigation on the prerequisite for D Line luminescence at the photon energies of 0.81 and 0.87eV in heat-treated carbon-lean Czochralski (CZ) silicon crystals. For examination of the influence of a transition metal on photoluminescence D lines, carbon-lean CZ silicon wafers annealed using simulated MOS thermal cycles were deliberately contaminated with Cu. The results show that the presence of specific extended defects, i.e., planar-type defects bounded by {111} planes and composed of 60 degrees-type dislocations and stacking faults in this experiment, is a prerequisite for the generation of D1 and D2 lines in heat-treated carbon-lean CZ silicon crystals, and that the diffusion of Cu into the heat-treated samples reduces the D2 line intensity significantly whereas it enhances D1 line luminescence up to a certain level of Cu contamination
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