666 research outputs found
Functional quality traits of snake melon (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus L.) fruits as affected by genotypic differences
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Status and Prospects of Lagenaria siceraria (Bottle Gourd) Landraces in Tunisia: A Neglected and Underutilized Resource
Get PDFLaboratorio de investigación LR21AGR03-Producción y Protección para una Horticultura Sostenible, financiado por el Ministerio de Enseñanza Superior e Investigación Científica de Túnez. Proyecto PID2020-116055RB-C22 I+D+I financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011003 y el proyecto A11-20R financiado por el Gobierno de Aragón.Publishe
Combining Ability and Hybrid Breeding in Tunisian Melon (Cucumis melo L.) for Fruit Traits
Get PDFA half-diallel cross study of seven melon inbred lines was carried out. The seven parents and their 21 F1 hybrids were evaluated for precocity of maturity, average weight per fruit, and fruit quality (fruit size, rind thickness, and soluble solids). The Diallel analysis was investigated for breeding values of these melon genotypes via general and specific combining ability, relationships between general and specific combining ability, and heterosis for the evaluated traits. The analysis of variance of the traits evaluated indicated highly significant differences among genotypes, suggesting the presence of adequate genetic variation for breeding. Additive genetic effects were most important with respect to fruit weight, while genetic dominance and epistasis effects mainly controlled fruit quality traits (fruit size, rind thickness, and TSS). Parent 1 (P1) and parent 3 (P3) had significant positive general combining ability effects for fruit weight. Also, P3 had positive general combining ability effects for fruit length and diameter, and cavity diameter. P3 was found to show maximum significant GCA in the desirable direction for all the traits except for TSS. Evaluation of heterosis (%) revealed that hybrid P1 × P3 can be considered as the best-performing hybrid for average fruit weight, TSS, and precocity, which also exhibited the highest positive and significant SCA effect for these traits. These results suggested that, among the melon genotypes studied, there is the potential to generate superior new varieties in hybrid production.: This research was supported in part by Research laboratory LR21AGR03-Production and Protection for a Sustainable Horticulture, funded by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Tunisia and partially financed by the A11-20R project funded by the Aragon Government and by the AGROALNEXT program supported by MCIN with funding from European Union NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1) and PID2020-116055RB-C22 I+D+I project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011003.diversitycombining abilitydiallel analysisgene actionheterosisheritabilityPublishe
Onion Male Sterility: Genetics, Genomics and Breeding
Get PDFOnion, belonging to the Allium genus, is an essential and versatile vegetable crop that plays a pivotal role in culinary traditions worldwide. Renowned for its distinctive flavor and nutritional value, onion is an indispensable ingredient in countless dishes. As the global demand for onion continues to surge, securing a stable supply of high-quality, high-yielding onion varieties becomes ever more pressing. The onion umbel bears numerous tiny flowers that are protandrous in nature. Hybrid breeding is limited in onion due to high inbreeding depression, tedious emasculation and lack of elite inbreds. In this quest for crop improvement, the phenomenon of male sterility stands out as a key tool in modern onion breeding. Male sterility, which is recognized as the incapacity to produce viable pollen grains, inhibition of anther dehiscence and production of non-functional male gametes, has been harnessed as a mechanism to control cross-pollination and escalating hybrid development. The successful utilization of stable male sterile lines in onion holds the promise of producing uniform, high-yielding and disease-resistant hybrids. In recent decades, scientific advances have illuminated the molecular intricacies underlying male sterility systems in onion. Much progress has been made in elucidating the regulation of male sterility systems in the post-genomics era. This review highlights the current status of molecular markers linked with male sterility and provides genetic and molecular insights into its regulation. Additionally, it discusses the role of male sterility as a transformative tool in onion breeding in the genomics era
Caracterización de la resistencia a la raza 1.2 de Fusarium oxysporum F.SP. Melonis en melón
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Assessing the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Tunisian Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Collection Using Phenotypic Traits and SSR Molecular Markers
Get PDFThe assessment of genetic diversity and structure of a gene pool is a prerequisite for efficient organization, conservation, and utilization for crop improvement. This study evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of 24 Tunisian melon accessions, by using 24 phenotypic traits and eight microsatellite (SSR) markers. A considerable phenotypic diversity among accessions was observed for many characters including those related to agronomical performance. All the microsatellites were polymorphic and detected 30 distinct alleles with a moderate (0.43) polymorphic information content. Shannon’s diversity index (0.82) showed a high degree of polymorphism between melon genotypes. The observed heterozygosity (0.10) was less than the expected heterozygosity (0.12), displaying a deficit in heterozygosity because of selection pressure. Molecular clustering and structure analyses based on SSRs separated melon accessions into five groups and showed an intermixed genetic structure between landraces and breeding lines belonging to the different botanical groups. Phenotypic clustering separated the accessions into two main clusters belonging to sweet and non-sweet melon; however, a more precise clustering among inodorus, cantalupensis, and reticulatus subgroups was obtained using combined phenotypic–molecular data. The discordance between phenotypic and molecular data was confirmed by a negative correlation (r = −0.16, p = 0.06) as revealed by the Mantel test. Despite these differences, both markers provided important information about the diversity of the melon germplasm, allowing the correct use of these accessions in future breeding programs. Together they provide a powerful tool for future agricultural and conservation tasks.Publishe
Anti - tumorigenic assessment of HELA cell growth characteristics in the presence of Meswak, 2016
No full textThere is a demand for newer, more effective therapeutic antagonist for bacterial threats. More specifically, overuse of currently available antibiotics, premature dosage -termination of prescription antibiotics and a growing resistance of bacteria to currently available antibiotics warrants the design, development and establishment of new and novel antibacterial therapeutics. Unfortunately, physician-scientists no longer have an antibiotic agent for an increasing number of multiple strains of bacteria. In this study, we investigate the holistic efficacy for which the plant Meswak can antagonize the vitality of some strains of bacteria and HeLa cell growth. The conclusions drawn from the findings of this investigation suggest Meswak as a potential antagonist for the growth of some strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Preliminary studies have also revealed that Meswak acts as an inhibitor to HeLa cell growth and migration. Future studies are necessary to define the specific mechanism of action for which Meswak acts to inhibit bacterial viability and HeLa cell growth and migration
Effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on morphological and physiological parameters and nitrates accumulation of lettuce cultivars (Lactuca sativa L.)
Get PDFThe effect of nitrogen fertilizer level on growth and nitrate accumulation was studied in six lettuce cultivars (Lactuca sativa L.): ‘Batavia rouge’, ‘Vitalia’, ‘Great Laks’, ‘Type Beurre’, ‘Romaine’ and ‘Romaine LO3’. Three nitrogen levels: 0, 120 and 240 Kg.ha-1 was applied. During plant growth, agronomical parameters (root weight, fresh and dry matter, head diameter) and physiological parameters (nitrate concentration, chlorophyll fluorescence and sugar content) were evaluated. Results showed significant differences between cultivars and nitrogen treatment for the most agronomical and physiological parameters. The nitrogen treatment affects head weight and nitrate concentration in all cultivars; the cvs ‘Great Laks’ and ‘Type beurre’ accumulated respectively the less and high nitrate concentration. The highest nitrate concentration was recorded in external leaves whereas the lowest concentration was recorded in the central leaves for all cultivars. Furthermore, nitrate distribution and chlorophyll fluorescence on the leaves are closely related. This study revealed also correlation between root nitrate concentration, chlorophyll fluorescence and sugar content for all cultivars. This correlation depended on nitrogen fertilization level and the cultivar used
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