581 research outputs found
Elementi introduttivi
No full textElementi introduttivi di "La psicoterapia cognitivo-comportamentale per i pazienti neurologici
Un training sulle abilità di rotazione mentale in bambini della scuola primaria
No full textNel presente lavoro ci si è proposti di potenziare le abilità visuo-spaziali e
geometriche, attraverso l’applicazione di un training sperimentale sulle abilità di rotazione mentale. L’obiettivo è stato quello di valutare gli effetti specifici di un training di rotazione mentale (Animal Rotation Training) sulle prestazioni di 45 bambini di età compresa tra gli 8 e i 10 anni, frequentanti la quarta classe della scuola primaria. In secondo luogo, si è analizzata la generalizzazione dell’effetto del training sull’apprendimento della geometria, sulle abilità cognitive di carattere più generale, come le abilità
di ragionamento visuo-spaziale, di riconoscimento di relazioni spaziali e su una prova di controllo di ragionamento verbale. I risultati hanno evidenziato un miglioramento delle prestazioni che non si limita alle prove specifiche di rotazione mentale, ma generalizza il suo effetto anche alle prove relative all’ambito della geometria
I regolamenti comunitari in materia di regimi patrimoniali tra coniugi e unioni registrate ed il loro impatto nella normativa nazionale
No full textIl 24 giugno 2016 il Consiglio dell'Unione Europea ha adottato due regolamenti che attuano la cooperazione rafforzata nel settore della competenza, della legge applicabile, del riconoscimento e dell'esecuzione delle decisioni, rispettivamente, in materia di regimi patrimoniali tra coniugi e di effetti patrimoniali delle unioni registrate (reg. UE n. 1103/2016 e n. 1104/2016).
Obiettivo della presente ricerca è quello di effettuare una prima valutazione in ordine all'impatto dei predetti regolamenti rispetto alla normativa vigente nel nostro ordinamento, sia di diritto internazionale privato che di diritto sostanziale.
Per non estendere troppo il campo della ricerca, essa è stata limitata alla disciplina contenuta nel Capo III dei regolamenti (Legge applicabile) e dell’art. 69 del Capo VI dedicato alle disposizioni transitorie.
Il lavoro è diviso in tre capitoli, il primo introduttivo, il secondo illustrativo ed il terzo propositivo.
Il primo capitolo è dedicato alla presentazione del fenomeno delle coppie internazionali ed alle problematiche alle quali soggiacciono; all'importanza del regolamento europeo quale fonte di diritto internazionale privato ed al complesso iter legislativo che ha preceduto l'adozione dei regolamenti; al problema dell'applicazione dei regolamenti alle convivenze o coppie di fatto ed alle coppie formate da persone dello stesso sesso; ai problemi di diritto transitorio; alla relazione con il Certificato Successorio Europeo (introdotto dagli artt. 62 e seguenti del Regolamento UE 650/2012).
Il secondo capitolo è dedicato all'esame delle disposizioni contenute nel Capo III dei regolamenti, evidenziando le differenze rispetto alla normativa di diritto internazionale privato vigente nel nostro ordinamento (artt. 29 e 30 della legge 218/1995).
Vengono esaminate le caratteristiche principali dei regolamenti (applicazione universale, sistema unitario, non modificabilità automatica della legge applicabile), nonché i criteri di collegamento soggettivi ed oggettivi e le criticità che potranno derivare dalla loro applicazione.
La scelta della legge applicabile (optio iuris) costituisce il primo e principale criterio di collegamento. I regolamenti, infatti, in ossequio al principio della libertà e della autonomia della volontà, offrono ai coniugi ed ai partner la possibilità, pur se entro certi limiti, di scegliere in qualunque momento la legge applicabile al loro regime patrimoniale e successivamente revocarla o modificarla, consentendo loro di essere assoggettati ad un ordinamento che realizzi al meglio i loro interessi. Tale autonomia di scelta favorisce la coesione nella vita di coppia e facilita l’individuazione di strumenti per la soluzione dei contrasti in caso di fallimento del matrimonio o dell'unione registrata. In definitiva, consente di garantire maggiore certezza ai rapporti tra coniugi e partner sia nella fase fisiologica che in quella patologica del loro rapporto.
L'esigenza di privilegiare l'autonomia della volontà, spinge il legislatore comunitario a consentire che la scelta di legge possa avere effetto retroattivo, pur provocando una serie di problematiche applicative che vengono ampiamente esaminate.
Per quanto riguarda i criteri oggettivi di collegamento, si evidenziano in particolar modo le criticità nascenti dall'applicazione del criterio di collegamento della prima residenza abituale comune.
La restante parte del capitolo è dedicata all'esame delle altre disposizioni del Capo III.
Una particolare attenzione è dedicata alla complessa disciplina dell'opponibilità ai terzi . Le conseguenze che derivano dall'applicazione di una determinata legge, infatti, non riguardano soltanto i coniugi, ma anche ai terzi, primi fra tutti i loro creditori.
La questione dell'opponibilità ai terzi di una determinata legge applicabile e del regime matrimoniale è complessa e delicata, tanto più che diversi e contrastanti possono essere gli interessi delle parti.
Ad esempio, un coniuge potrebbe avere interesse a opporre ai terzi una determinata legge che preveda un regime di separazione dei beni, in modo da non essere coinvolto per i debiti dell'altro coniuge, ma proprio per questa ragione il terzo potrebbe avere il contrario interesse a far valere una diversa legge che preveda un regime di comunione dei beni.
Va osservato che non tutti gli ordinamenti stranieri sono dotati di un sistema di pubblicità riguardante i regimi patrimoniali dei coniugi o dei partner, le convenzioni di scelta della legge applicabile e le unioni registrate e comunque diverse sono le regole e gli effetti della pubblicità.
Il terzo capitolo è dedicato alle problematiche nascenti dalla mancanza di un sistema di pubblicità unico per gli Stati membri aderenti alla cooperazione rafforzata, quanto mai opportuno ed auspicabile.
L'esistenza di un sistema unico di pubblicità risponderebbe all'esigenza dei coniugi/partner di opporre ai terzi ed a questi ultimi di conoscere agevolmente, sia la legge applicabile al regime patrimoniale, sia il regime in concreto applicabile.
Vengono, infine, ipotizzate talune modifiche da apportare alla legislazione nazionale in materia di pubblicità della legge applicabile e dei regimi patrimoniali dei coniugi e dei partner, per sopperire alla mancanza di un sistema unico di pubblicità.The purpose of the research is to examine the rules contained in the UE Regulations n. 1103/2016 and 1104/2016 especially regarding the objective criteria to determine the applicable law, referral, public policy, recognition of court decisions and public documents, and effects in respect of third parties.
As far as the regulation on matrimonial regimes is concerned, special attention was paid to the choice of the applicable law made by the spouses (optio iuris) and the specific related issues (limits, form, retroactivity, publicity and effects in respect of third parties). As far as the regulation on registered partnerships is concerned, special attention was paid to the issues stemming from the fact that among Member states there is no standard definition of registered partnerships; that not all Member states have laws regulating these matters and that, at any rate, there are significant differences between the various laws in force.
Moreover, the research aimed at identifying the practical consequences which following the regulations would arise vis-à-vis existing national legislation and, following a comparative analysis, vis-à-vis the legislation in force in some Member states.
Regarding both matrimonial regimes and registered partnerships, there is the issue of publicity and effects in respect of third parties. The consequences of applying a given law do not concern only the spouses, but third parties too, and first and foremost creditors. The issue of effects in respect of third parties of a given applicable law and matrimonial regime is complex and delicate, since the interests of the parties may be different and conflicting.
Furthermore, It was pointed out that not all foreign legal systems have a system of publicity regarding the property regimes of spouses, agreements to choose the applicable law and registered partnerships and at any rate the rules and the effects of publicity differ. Consequently, aim of the comparative research was therefore focus on identifying the "conditions for publicity and registration" in force in Member States in the field of matrimonial regimes, of the choice of the applicable law and of registered partnerships (i.e.: existence of public registers, authorities in charge of keeping these registers, how registers can be consulted, effects of publicity/registration, etc.)
Pattern and path encoding: new tool for unwelding visuo-spatial memory through the use of a sensorized platform
No full textIt has been demonstrated that the processing of visuospatial information in reaching or navigational space is supported by independent systems.
Moreover, it has been proposed that visuospatial information may require a pattern or a path encoding. The pattern encoding is specifically used when the task requires a simultaneous processing of spatial positions, while the path encoding is used in sequential processing that allows to link different spatial positions in correct succession.
The aim of the present study was to disentangle these different components of visuospatial information processing in navigational tasks by the development of an innovative sensorized platform, and to verify if subjects use the same strategies when similar tasks are performed in reaching space. We assessed the performance of 70 healthy volunteers on the sensorized platform to investigate topographical orientation (route memory) in three different tasks that required a sequential strategy (named Route A and Route B tasks, which differ for sequential load required for their implementation) or a simultaneous strategy (named Simultaneous Walking Test).
Subsequently, similar tasks were performed in reaching space, (by means Corsi Block tapping Test and a Modified Corsi Test for the sequential strategy and Simultaneous Paper Test for the simultaneous strategy).
The six tasks were submitted to factor analysis (Principal Axis Factoring). This analysis showed four factors that explaining the 51.3% of the total variance: Corsi Block tapping Test (.501); Simultaneous Paper and Walking Test (-.74 and -.51, respectively); Route A (-.38); Modified Corsi Test and the Route B (.72 and .67, respectively). This clustering demonstrates that - the sensorized platform, set up in the present study, allows to identify the different strategies performed to correctly solve visuo-spatial tasks in navigational space – the same strategies can be also used in reaching space according to the task demand
The effects of industrial chemicals bonded to plastic materials in newborns: A systematic review
No full textBackground: Phthalates are a family of industrial chemicals noncovalently bonded to plastic materials to enhance flexibility and durability. These compounds are extensively used in a variety of consumer products and even in many medical devices. Newborns present a higher susceptibility to phthalates. Objective: To assess the short- and long-term health consequences of exposure to phthalates during the neonatal period. Methods: Systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA statements. Eligible articles in English language were searched in MEDLINE, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Ovid databases using the following terms: “phthalate”, “newborn”, and “neonate”. Unpublished data were searched in ClinicalTrials.gov website. All in vivo studies of any design published before May 16th, 2023 and fulfilling the following criteria were included: 1) investigations in which preterm and/or term newborns underwent one or more measurement of concentrations of phthalates on biological samples taken during the neonatal period; 2) studies in which quantitative measurement of phthalates was related to any kind of health outcome. Subgroup analysis was conducted by type of outcome. The quality assessment was performed according to the criteria from the “NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies”. Results: 11,895 records were identified; finally, 5 articles were included for review. A mixture of phthalates was associated with improved performance on the NNNS summary scales of Attention, Handling, and Non-optimal reflexes before NICU discharge. At 2 months’ corrected age, some phthalates were positively associated with problem-solving and gross motor abilities; increased levels of mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, mono (2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate, and sum of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites (∑3DEHP and ∑4DEHP) were associated with worse fine motor performance. Furthermore, DEHP was associated with transient alteration of gut microbiota and increased IgM production after vaccine. A linear positive association between a mixture of phthalates and slope of the first growth spurt was even reported in preterm newborns. No relationship emerged between phthalates and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Three studies out of 5 had fair quality. Conclusion: Given some methodological issues and the paucity of related studies, further investigations of flawless quality aimed at clarifying the relationship between early exposure to phthalates and health outcomes are needed
New protocol for dissociating visuospatial working memory ability in reaching space and in navigational space
No full textSeveral studies have demonstrated that the processing of visuospatial memory for locations in reaching space and in navigational space is supported by independent systems, and that the coding of visuospatial information depends on the modality of the presentation (i.e., sequential or simultaneous). However, these lines of evidence and the most common neuropsychological tests used by clinicians to investigate visuospatial memory have several limitations (e.g., they are unable to analyze all the subcomponents of this function and are not directly comparable). Therefore, we developed a new battery of tests that is able to investigate these subcomponents. We recruited 71 healthy subjects who underwent sequential and simultaneous navigational tests by using an innovative sensorized platform, as well as comparable paper tests to evaluate the same components in reaching space (Exp. 1). Consistent with the literature, the principal-component method of analysis used in this study demonstrated the presence of distinct memory for sequences in different portions of space, but no distinction was found for simultaneous presentation, suggesting that different modalities of eye gaze exploration are used when subjects have to perform different types of tasks. For this purpose, an infrared Tobii Eye-Tracking X50 system was used in both spatial conditions (Exp. 2), showing that a clear effect of the presentation modality was due to the specific strategy used by subjects to explore the stimuli in space. Given these findings, the neuropsychological battery established in the present study allows us to show basic differences in the normal coding of stimuli, which can explain the specific visuospatial deficits found in various neurological condition
Authors, languages and potential translations in Ibero-American cultural periodicals (1898-1959), with VIAF linked author data
No full textThe dataset provides data on contributors—authors of contributions/articles—to Ibero-American cultural periodicals from the first half of 20th century. Using basic information like article titles and authorship as a starting point, we have retrieved a set of 60987 potential authors to 292186 articles in 309 periodicals published between 1898 and 1959, held in online repositories or libraries located in Argentina, Spain, Portugal, and Germany, all related to Spanish-speaking and Lusophone literary and cultural magazines. By applying machine learning and natural language processing tools, as well as by linking the author's names against the Virtual International Authority File (VIAF), we provide enriched information on gender, language, and nationality for about 66% of the initially identified contributor names, responsible for about 26% of the articles. We identify potential translations—loosely defined as texts published in a language different from the author’s native or writing language—and the presence of foreign authors in the Ibero-American cultural press
Market Reaction to the Expected Loss Model in Banks
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this recordWe investigate how investors perceive the adoption of the expected-loss model (ELM) for impairment incorporated in IFRS 9. Using a sample of European listed banks covering the period of the standard-setting process of IFRS 9, we examine whether the market perceives the new regulation to increase shareholder wealth. First, we document a positive market reaction to the ELM adoption events. Second, we find that investors perceive that the potential benefits of ELM are more pronounced for larger banks, banks with lower profitability and higher systemic risk, and for those that received a public bailout and with more positively skewed returns. Overall, these results support a “monitoring” channel suggesting that ELM may lead to greater bank transparency and more effective market discipline, fundamental for improving financial stability
Choroidal Structure after Half-Dose Photodynamic Therapy in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
No full textThe study aims to analyze the changes produced by half-dose photodynamic therapy (HD-PDT) in the choroid of eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) applying the binarization method to spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) and OCT Angiography (OCTA) images. SDOCT and OCTA were performed before, one hour, one week, and one month after HD-PDT. Binarization with a modified Niblack method and analysis by ImageJ were applied. An average ratio between luminal part and total structure was calculated. Twenty-two eyes of 21 patients (20 male and 1 female; mean age 54.8 years) were enrolled. A statistically significant reduction of the central choroidal thickness was observed one week (from 407 μm to 362 μm, p = 0.034) and one month (from 407 μm to 341.5 μm, p = 0.0004) after HD-PDT. The baseline average ratio between luminal part and total structure was 33.4% in SDOCT, and 61.1% in OCTA. These values were 35.3% and 61% one hour, 33.9% and 60.4% one week, and 34.5% and 60.6% one month after HD-PDT, respectively. Overall, PDT seems to produce short-term changes on the luminal component of both choriocapillaris and choroid, which return to baseline status after one month from treatment. However, choroid stays significantly thinner after one month, with both luminal and interstitial components significantly reduced
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