2,021 research outputs found
Diabetes and Stroke: What Are the Connections?
No full textStroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, including stroke. People with diabetes have a 1.5–2 times higher risk of stroke compared with people without diabetes, with risk increasing with diabetes duration. These risks may also differ according to sex, with a greater risk observed among women versus men. Several mechanisms associated with diabetes lead to stroke, including large artery atherosclerosis, cerebral small vessel disease, and cardiac embolism. Hyperglycemia confers increased risk for worse outcomes in people presenting with acute ischemic stroke, compared with people with normal glycemia. Moreover, people with diabetes may have poorer post-stroke outcomes and higher risk of stroke recurrence than those without diabetes. Appropriate management of diabetes and other vascular risk factors may improve stroke outcomes and reduce the risk for recurrent stroke. Secondary stroke prevention guidelines recommend screening for diabetes following a stroke. The diabetes medications pioglitazone and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have demonstrated protection against stroke in randomized controlled trials; this protective effect is believed to be independent of glycemic control. Neurologists are often involved in the management of modifiable risk factors for stroke (including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and atrial fibrillation), but less often in the direct management of diabetes. This review provides an overview of the relationships between diabetes and stroke, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, post-stroke outcomes, and treatments for people with stroke and diabetes. This should aid neurologists in diabetes-related decision-making when treating people with acute or recurrent stroke
Delayed diagnosis of esophageal perforation following intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography during valvular replacement--- a cae report.
No full text
LEISURE, LIFESTYLE, AND HEALTH-RELATED PHYSICAL FITNESS FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS
No full text[[abstract]]In this article we explored whether or not differences in health-related physical fitness exist among people with different leisure lifestyles. The Physical Fitness Scales for Taiwan Citizens (Cheng & Liu, 2001) was utilized to measure the health-related physical fitness of 241 college students. Factor analysis resulted in 4 dimensions; namely, dawn activity loving, sports loving, healthy diet, and vacation loving. Next, using cluster analysis, we identified 4 groups of college students, and they were dawn activity lovers, sports lovers, inactive healthy dieters, and vacation lovers. Finally, we explored the relationships among the 4 groups and their health-related physical fitness using one-way analysis of variance. The results indicate that college students who routinely engage in exercise tend to have physical fitness superior to those who do not exercise on a regular basis.[[note]]SSC
Genes related to fruiting body initiation of the mushroom, Coprinopsis cinerea.
No full text<p>This file describes the expression and function profiles of genes related to fruiting body initiation of the mushroom, <em>Coprinopsis cinerea</em>.</p>
<p>Please cite:</p>
<p>Cheng X, Hui JHL, Lee YY, Kwan HS. 2015. A 'developmental hourglass' in fungi. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2015; doi: 10.1093/molbev/msv047</p
Genes related to fruiting body development in the mushroom, Coprinopsis cinerea
No full text<p>This file describes the gene expression during fruiting body development in the mushroom, <em>Coprinopsis cinerea</em>.</p>
<p>Please cite:</p>
<p>Cheng X, Hui JHL, Lee YY, Kwan HS. 2015. A 'developmental hourglass' in fungi. Molecular Biology and Evolution 2015; doi: 10.1093/molbev/msv047</p>
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The effects of dietary fibre type on satiety-related hormones and voluntary food intake in dogs
No full textDepending on type and inclusion level, dietary fibre may increase and maintain satiety and postpone the onset of hunger. This 7-week study evaluated the effect of fibre fermentability on physiological satiety-related metabolites and voluntary food intake (VFI) in dogs. Sixteen healthy adult dogs were fed a low-fermentable fibre (LFF) diet containing 8·5 % cellulose or a high-fermentable fibre (HFF) diet containing 8·5 % sugarbeet pulp and 2 % inulin. Large intestinal fibre degradation was evaluated by apparent faecal digestibility of nutrients and faecal SCFA and NH3 concentrations. Postprandial blood samples were obtained to determine postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, total peptide tyrosine–tyrosine (PYY), total glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and total ghrelin concentrations. At the end of the study, the dogs were given a single meal of a dry dog food to determine VFI. Dogs fed the HFF diet had a significantly higher large intestinal fibre degradation and production of SCFA compared with the dogs fed the LFF diet. The HFF-fed dogs tended (P = 0·058) to show a lower VFI at the end of the study. No treatment effects were found for postprandial plasma glucose, PYY, GLP-1 and ghrelin responses. The concentrations of these metabolites could not be related to the observed difference in VFI. The inclusion of fermentable fibre in canine diets may contribute to the prevention or mitigation of obesity through its effects on satiety. The underlying mechanisms require further investigatio
Better efficacy for the osmotic release oral system methylphenidate among poor adherents to immediate-release methylphenidate in the three ADHD subtypes
No full textA sesquiterpenol extract potently suppresses inflammation in macrophages and mice skin and prevents chronic liver damage in mice through JNK-dependent HO-1 expression
No full text[[sponsorship]]農業生物科技研究中心[[note]]已出版(accepted);[SCI];有審查制度;具代表性[[note]]http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=Drexel&SrcApp=hagerty_opac&KeyRecord=0031-9422&DestApp=JCR&RQ=IF_CAT_BOXPLOT[[note]]http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=RID&SrcApp=RID&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&KeyUT=00028887740001
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