120 research outputs found
One Hundred Allegorical Tales from Traditional China
No full textThis is a good collection of yuyan or allegorical tales. The Walls' introduction points out that yuyan has sometimes been translated as fable, as by Gladys Yang in Ancient Chinese Fables (1957), but since these are not all animal tales, they are hesitant to use that term. Yuyan, according to Wolfram Eberhard, include tales, allegories, metaphors, and sometimes even…anecdotes (v). I have enjoyed the hundred collected here, presented bilingually, with Chinese on the left-page and English on the right-page. Among the best are Asking for a Snub I (9: it is not where people come from but where they are that may make them criminal); Asking for a Snub II (11: the quality of an ambassador sent depends on the quality of the state to which he is sent, so that only incompetent people are sent to you!); The Suspect (19: a man's manner is that of a thief when one looks like at him as a thief); Presenting Turtledoves (27: you damage many turtledoves when you catch a few to release in order to show your kindness); Waiting for More Rabbits to Bump into the Tree (61: though the farmer waited a long time, no rabbit ever bumped into that tree again); The Greedy King (89: the king of A sends a bell to the king of B, who widens all his roads to get the bell to the capital; the king of A soon marches through those widened roads to defeat the king of B); Marking the Boat Where the Sword Was Lost (101: when we dock at the shore, I'll use this mark on the boat to fetch the lost sword); A Holy Fish (175: a man drops a fish into a hole in a tree trunk and returns later to find it venerated as a holy fish); Breaking Arrows (177: breaking one versus breaking a bundle); Money More Important Than Life (179: a man sinks in a rushing river because of the 1000 coins he is carrying); The Donkey of Guizhou (181: a tiger becomes only gradually familiar with a donkey and then attacks and devours it); A Compassionate Gentleman (207: wants to eat a turtle but does not want to kill it himself, and so he creates an elaborate test of walking a pole over the boiling water); and Guarding the Willow Trees (233: a child guards the young willows by pulling them up every night and replanting them the next morning). At the end are notes, a type index, a list of sources, and references.Language note: Bilingual: English/ChineseOriginal language: chiRewritten by Wei Jinzhi; Translated by Jan and Yvonne Wall
High-performance, multifunctional devices based on asymmetric van der Waals heterostructures
No full textTwo-dimensional materials are of interest for the development of electronic devices due to their useful properties and compatibility with silicon-based technology. Van der Waals heterostructures, in which two-dimensional materials are stacked on top of each other, allow different materials and properties to be combined and for multifunctional devices to be created. Here we show that an asymmetric van der Waals heterostructure device, which is composed of graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide and molybdenum ditelluride, can function as a high-performance diode, transistor, photodetector and programmable rectifier. Due to the asymmetric structure of the device, charge-carrier injection can be switched between tunnelling and thermal activation under negative and positive bias conditions, respectively. As a result, the device exhibits a high current on/off ratio of 6 × 108 and a rectifying ratio of 108. The device can also function as a programmable rectifier with stable retention and continuously tunable memory states, as well as a high program/erase current ratio of 109 and a rectification ratio of 107
TURKISH TRANSLATIONS OF ES-SHIFA AND TALIB HODJAZADA ISHAK NECIB’S TERCEME-I SHIFA-I SHERIF
No full textTâlib Hocazâde Hâfız İshak Necîb, Karslı bir âlim olup 1798 yılında Kâdî İyâz’ın Eş-Şifâ adlı eserini Türkçeye tercüme etmiştir. Eş-Şifâ, İslam dünyasında çok tanınıp sevilmiş bir eser olup üzerine birçok şerh, tercüme ve özet yazılmıştır. Bu eser, Hz. Peygamber’in örnek hayatını tüm yönleriyle anlatmak amacıyla Endülüslü âlim Kâdî İyâz tarafından kaleme alınmış bir eserdir. Farklı kişilerce defalarca Türkçeye çevrilmiş olan bu eserin mütercimlerinden birisi de Tâlib Hocazâde Hâfız İshak Necîb-i Karsî’dir. Eserin ön sözünde mütercim “kitabının elli beşinci babında bazı velilerin kerametlerini anlatmak istediğinde öncelikle Hz. Peygamber’in mucizelerini nakletmenin uygun olacağını düşündüğünü ancak Hz. Muhammed’in mucizeleri de çok olup onu müstakil bir kitapta anlatmak daha uygun düştüğünden; hadis kitaplarından, Hz. Muhammed’in vasıflarının çoğunu içerip herkesçe sevilen bir eser olan ama dili Arapça olup seviyesi de halka uygun olmayan Kâdî İyâz’ın Şifâ-i Şerîf’ini Türkçeye tercüme etmenin daha faydalı olacağını gördüğünü ve böylece Şifâ-i Şerîf’i tercüme etmeye başladığını” söylemiştir. Bu bölümde mütercim daha sonra Kâdî İyâz ve ailesi hakkında ayrıntılı bilgiler verip tahsil durumu ve ortaya koyduğu eserlerini tanıtmıştır. Eser dört kısımla bunların içindeki baplar ve fasıllardan oluşmuştur. Bu makalede Eş-Şifâ’nın Türkçe tercümeleri ve İshak Necîb Efendi’nin tercümesi analitik biçimde incelenerek tanıtılmaktadır.Talip Hocazade Hafiz Ishak Necip was one of the great scholars who grew up in Kars; in the year of 1798, he translated Qadi Iyaz’s Shifa-i Sherif to Turkish. Ash-Shifa is a well-known work in the Islamic world and many commentaries, translations and summaries were written on it. Şifâ-i Sharif is a work which was written by the Andalusian scholar Qadi Iyaz nine centuries ago in order to tell the Prophet’s example life in all its aspects. This work has been repeatedly translated into Turkish by different people, and one of them is the translation of Talip Hocazade Hafız Ishak Necib-i Karsi. In the foreword of the work, the author says: When I want to tell about the miracles of some of the welis in my book fifty-fifth of my book, it was appropriate to convey the miracles of Prophet Muhammad, but since there are many miracles of Prophet Muhammad, it was appropriate to tell him in an independent book; and I started translating Qadi Iyaz’s Shifa-i Sherif thinking that it would be more beneficial for me to translate it into Turkish because and most of the qualities of the Prophet Muhammad were included and this work was loved by everyone. In the following, the author of the book, is given detailed information about Qadi Iyaz and his family and also Qadi Iyaz’s education life and his works. The work consists of four parts and many bap and fasıl in them. In this paper, will introduce Turkish translations of Es-Shifa and later Ishak Necib Efendi’s translation will be examined in analytical form
CoS2xSe2(1-x) nanowire array: An efficient ternary electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
No full textBinary transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as efficient catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Co-based TMDs, such as CoS2 and CoSe2, demonstrate promising HER performance due to their intrinsic metallic nature. Recently, the ternary electrocatalysts were widely acknowledged for their prominent efficiency as compared to their binary counterparts due to increased active sites caused by the incorporation of different atoms. Herein, we successfully grew the ternary CoS2xSe2(1-x) (x = 0.67) nanowires (NWs) on a flexible carbon fiber. As a superior electrocatalyst, ternary CoS2xSe2(1-x) NWs arrays demonstrated excellent catalytic activity for electrochemical hydrogen evolution in acidic media, achieving current densities of 10 mA cm-2 and 100 mA cm-2 at overpotentials of 129.5 mV and 174 mV, respectively. Notably, the high stability of CoS2xSe2(1-x) NWs suggested that the ternary CoS2xSe2(1-x) NWs are a scalable catalyst for electrochemical hydrogen evolution
Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution via Band Alignment Tailoring: Controllable Transition from Type-I to Type-II
No full textConsidering the sizable band gap and wide spectrum response of tin disulfide (SnS2), ultrathin SnS2 nanosheets are utilized as solar-driven photocatalyst for water splitting. Designing a heterostructure based on SnS2 is believed to boost their catalytic performance. Unfortunately, it has been quite challenging to explore a material with suitable band alignment using SnS2 nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen generation. Herein, a new strategy is used to systematically tailor the band alignment in SnS2 based heterostructure to realize efficient H2 production under sunlight. A Type-I to Type-II band alignment transition is demonstrated via introducing an interlayer of Ce2S3, a potential photocatalyst for H2 evolution, between SnS2 and CeO2. Subsequently, this heterostructure demonstrates tunability in light absorption, charge transfer kinetics, and material stability. The optimized heterostructure (SnS2–Ce2S3–CeO2) exhibits an incredibly strong light absorption ranging from deep UV to infrared light. Significantly, it also shows superior hydrogen generation with the rate of 240 μmol g−1 h−1 under the illumination of simulated sunlight with a very good stability
Ultrathin Magnetic 2D Single-Crystal CrSe
No full text2D magnetic materials have generated an enormous amount of attention due to their unique 2D-limited magnetism and their potential applications in spintronic devices. Recently, most of this research has focused on 2D van der Waals layered magnetic materials exfoliated from the bulk with random size and thicknesses. Controllable growth of these materials is still a great challenge. In contrast, 2D nonlayered magnetic materials have rarely been investigated, not especially regarding their preparation. Cr n X (X = S, Se and Te; 0 < n < 1), a class of nonlayered transition metal dichalcogenides, has rapidly attracted extensive attention due to its abundance of structural compounds and unique magnetic properties. Herein, the controlled synthesis of ultrathin CrSe crystals, with grain size reaching the sub-millimeter scale, on mica substrates via an ambient pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is demonstrated. A continuous CrSe film can also be achieved via precise control of the key growth parameters. Importantly, the CVD-grown 2D CrSe crystals possess obvious ferromagnetic properties at temperatures below 280 K, which has not been observed experimentally before. This work broadens the scope of the CVD growth of 2D magnetic materials and highlights their significant application possibilities in spintronics
The Role of Active Oxide Species for Electrochemical Water Oxidation on the Surface of 3d-Metal Phosphides
No full textTransition metal phosphides (TMPs) have recently been utilized as promising electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. The metal oxides or hydroxides formed on their surface during the OER process are hypothesized to play an important role. However, their exact role is yet to be elucidated. Here unambiguous justification regarding the active role of oxo(hydroxo) species on O-Ni(1−x)FexP2 nanosheet with pyrite structure is shown. These O-Ni(1−x)FexP2 (x = 0.25) nanosheets demonstrate greatly improved OER performance than their corresponding hydroxide and oxide counterparts do. From density function theory (DFT) calculations, it is found that the introduction of iron into the pyrite-phased NiP2 alters OER steps occurred on the surface. Notably, the partially oxidized surface of O-Ni(1−x)FexP2 nanosheets is vital to improve the local environment and accelerate the reaction steps. This study sheds light on the OER mechanism of the 3d TMP electrocatalyst and opens up a way to develop efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts
High-Yield Production of Monolayer FePS3 Quantum Sheets via Chemical Exfoliation for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
No full text2D layered transition metal phosphorus trichalcogenides (MPX3) possess higher in-plane stiffness and lower cleavage energies than graphite. This allows them to be exfoliated down to the atomic thickness. However, a rational exfoliation route has to be sought to achieve surface-active and uniform individual layers. Herein, monolayered FePS3 quantum sheets (QSs) are systematically obtained, whose diameters range from 4–8 nm, through exfoliation of the bulk in hydrazine solution. These QSs exhibit a widened bandgap of 2.18 eV as compared to the bulk (1.60 eV) FePS3. Benefitting from the monolayer feature, FePS3 QSs demonstrate a substantially accelerated photocatalytic H2 generation rate, which is up to three times higher than the bulk counterpart. This study presents a facile way, for the first time, of producing uniform monolayer FePS3 QSs and opens up new avenues for designing other low-dimensional materials based on MPX3
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