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    Condensation-ring Expansion Reaction of Formyl[2.2.1]bicyclic Carbinols with Para-substituted Phenyl Amines: Application to the Preparation of [3.2.1]bicyclic N-aryl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-2-oxide Agents

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    [[abstract]]Individual reaction of camphene-derived endo-formyl[2.2.1]bicyclic carbinol and that of camphor-derived exo-formyl[2.2.1]bicyclic carbinol with parent and para-substituted phenyl amines gave regio- and stereospecific corresponding [3.2.1]bicyclic (para-substituted) phenyl amino ketones. Mechanism of each reaction was discussed. Some camphor-derived [3.2.1]bicyclic amino ketones were reduced to [3.2.1]bicyclic (para-substituted) phenyl amino alcohols, which were then treated with mesyl chloride to provide [3.2.1]bicyclic N-phenyl/aryl-1,2,3-oxathiazolidine-2-oxide agents. The mechanism of this final reaction was discussed as well.[[note]]SC

    Hardness of T-carbon: Density functional theory calculations

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    We reconsider and interpret the mechanical properties of the recently proposed allotrope of carbon, T-carbon [Sheng et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 155703 (2011)], using density functional theory in combination with different empirical hardness models. In contrast with the early estimation based on Gao et al.'s model, which attributes to T-carbon a high Vickers hardness of 61 GPa comparable to that of superhard cubic boron nitride (c-BN), we find that T-carbon is not a superhard material, since its Vickers hardness does not exceed 10 GPa. Besides providing clear evidence for the absence of superhardness in T-carbon, we discuss the physical reasons behind the failure of Gao et al.'s and Simunek and Vackar's (SV) models in predicting the hardness of T-carbon, residing in their improper treatment of the highly anisotropic distribution of quasi-sp(3)-like C-C hybrids. A possible remedy for the Gao et al. and SV models based on the concept of the superatom is suggested, which indeed yields a Vickers hardness of about 8 GPa
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