168,409 research outputs found

    Phortica (Ashima) pavriarista Cheng & Chen 2008

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    14) Phortica (Ashima) pavriarista Cheng & Chen, 2008 Phortica (Phortica) pavriarista Cheng & Chen in Cheng et al., 2008: 620. Phortica speculum (Maca & Lin, 1993): Chen et al., 2005b: 420 (part, misidentification). Phortica (Ashima) pavriarista: Chen & Máca, 2012: 507. Diagnosis. Arista only very slightly expanded apically (“Fig. 14” in Cheng et al. 2008); all postgonites strongly sclerotized, apically more or less pointed; posterior postgonite on only one lateral lobe of aedeagal sheath; lateral lobes submedially separated from each other; one lateral lobe of aedeagal sheath with 2 relatively close anterior postgonites (“Fig. 17” in Cheng et al. 2008). Supplementary description (not repeating characters common to P. foliiseta). Supracervical setae 12–14. Dorsomedial, tentorial apodeme 1/2 as long as basal, parallel portion of dorsolateral, tentorial apodeme. Longest, dorsal branch of arista shorter than longest seta on pedicel. Cibarial, medial sensilla 9–10 per side; posterior sensilla 4–6 per side. All tarsi with gray tarsomere V. The antisymmetry is observed in the postgonites: in A-type, the left lateral lobe bears 2 anterior postgonites, and the right lobe 1 posterior and 1 anterior postgonites (“Fig. 17” in Cheng et al. 2008); but in B-type, vice versa. Specimen examined. Thailand: 1♂ (B-type), above Sangwal, Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai, 1,250 m a.s.l., 6.i.2008, H. Bänziger leg. (SEHU). Distribution. China (Yunnan), Thailand *. Remarks. This species resembles P. andreagigoni in having the less expanded apex of arista, but can be distinguished from it by the diagnostic characters.Published as part of Toda, Masanori J., Bänziger, Hans, Sati, Pradeep C., Fartyal, Rajendra S., Suwito, Awit & Katoh, Toru, 2020, Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4789 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/388461

    Phortica (Ashima) nudiarista Cheng & Chen 2008

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    15) Phortica (Ashima) nudiarista Cheng & Chen, 2008 Phortica (Phortica) nudiarista Cheng & Chen in Cheng et al., 2008: 619. Phortica brachychaeta Chen & Toda in Chen et al., 2005b: 422 (part, misidentification). Phortica (Ashima) nudiarista: Chen & Máca, 2012: 507. Diagnosis. Arista apically with distinct, leaf-like expansion narrower than long and apically tapering and pointed but neither dorsal nor ventral branches (“ Fig. 8 ” in Cheng et al. 2008); one lateral lobe of aedeagal sheath with 2 anterior postgonites widely separated; the other lateral lobe with 1 posterior and 1 anterior postgonites (“Fig. 11” in Cheng et al. 2008). Supplementary description (not repeating characters common to P. pavriarista). Supracervical setae 9–11. Cibarial, medial sensilla approximately 9 per side; posterior sensilla approximately 5 per side. The antisymmetry is observed in the postgonites: in A-type, the left lateral lobe bears 2 anterior postgonites, and the right lobe 1 posterior and 1 anterior postgonites (“Fig. 11” in Cheng et al. 2008); but in B-type, vice versa. Specimens examined. China: 1♂ (B-type), Zhengxing, Jingdong, Yunnan, 24.vii.2009 (SEHU). Thailand: 1♂ (B-type), above Sangwal, Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai, 1,250 m a.s.l., 24.vii.2008, H. Bänziger leg. (SEHU); 1♂ (Atype), above Sangwal, Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai, 1,250 m a.s.l., 9.i.2008, H. Bänziger leg. (SEHU); 1♂ (B-type), path to Pha Lad, Doi Suthep, Chiang Mai, 5.x.2008, H. Bänziger leg. (SEHU); 1♂ (B-type), path to Bung La U O, Ban Thi Pho Ji, Umphang Distr., Tak, ~ 800 m, 22.i.2008, H. Bänziger leg. (SEHU). Malaysia: 1♂ (B-type), Ulu Gombak, Selangor, 9.xii.2013, M.J. Toda leg. (SEHU). India: 1♂ (B-type), Uttarakhand, Chamoli Distr., Simli (Narainbagar), 5.ix.2010, P.C. Sati leg. (SEHU). Distribution. China (Yunnan), Thailand *, Peninsular Malaysia *, India (Uttarakhand)*. Remarks. This species resembles P. pavriarista in the morphology of the aedeagal sheath and postgonites, but can be distinguished from it by the diagnostic characters.Published as part of Toda, Masanori J., Bänziger, Hans, Sati, Pradeep C., Fartyal, Rajendra S., Suwito, Awit & Katoh, Toru, 2020, Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 4789 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/388461

    Stegana (Oxyphortica) mediospinosa Cheng, Xu & Chen, 2010, sp. nov.

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    Stegana (Oxyphortica) mediospinosa sp. nov. (Figs 1–4) Diagnosis. This species, very similar to S. (O.) setifrons in the shape of gonopods, can be differentiated from it by having the surstylus slightly inward protruded ventrally, with one sclerotized process dorsally and one strong prensiseta subbasally (Fig. 2). Description. Male and female: Frons almost dark brown. Face, clypeus and gena yellow. Mesoscutum yellow in male, brownish yellow in female. Pleura yellow below. Scutellum yellow to brownish. Abdominal tergites 2 nd and 3 rd grayish brown, 4 th to 6 th black; sternites yellow, 6 th and 7 th tergites brown to dark brown in female. Measurements. BL = 3.25 mm in the holotype (range in 53 4 ΨΨ paratypes: 2.66–3.03 in 3, 3.35– 3.50 in ΨΨ), ThL = 1.40 mm (1.16–1.34 in 3, 1.26–1.50 in ΨΨ), WL = 2.95 mm (2.08–2.33 in 3, 2.80– 3.20 in ΨΨ), WW = 1.12 mm (0.98–1.13 in 3, 1.04–1.24 ΨΨ), arb = 8 / 4 (7–9 / 4–5), avd = 1.00 (0.76 –1.00), adf = 2.00 (1.18–2.11), flw = 2.00 (1.56–1.90), FW/HW = 0.37 (0.35–0.43), ch/o = 0.08 (0.07–0.11), prorb = 1.25 (1.07–1.29), rcorb = 0.75 (0.65–0.86), vb = 0.70 (0.50–0.71), dcl = 0.51 (0.37–0.55), presctl = 0.55 (0.50–0.60), sctl = 0.92 (1.07–1.24), sterno = 0.71 (0.72–0.89), orbito = 1.56 (1.71–2.33), dcp = 0.30 (0.26– 0.35), sctlp = 0.91 (0.84–1.12), C = 3.17 (2.70–3.20), 4 c = 0.73 (0.74–0.89), 4 v = 1.52 (1.58–2.06), 5 x = 0.83 (1.00– 1.27), ac = 4.00 (3.67–3.93), M = 0.44 (0.45–0.48), C 3 F = 0.79 (0.74–0.93). Specimens examined. Holotype 3 (SCAU, No. 120486), CHINA: Mengyang (22 ° 20 'N, 100 ° 51 'E), Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 700 m, 14.ix. 2002, H.W. Chen. Paratypes: CHINA: 2 ΨΨ (SCAU, Nos 120487,88), same data as holotype; 43 1 Ψ (KIZ) 53 (SCAU, Nos 120489 - 93), 23 1 Ψ (SCAU, Nos 120494 - 96), Menglun, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 21 ° 41 'N, 101 ° 25 'E, 700–900 m, 12.viii. 2001, M.J. Toda, 22.ix. 2003, H.W. Chen, 16.iv. 2007, H.W. Chen; 23 6 ΨΨ (KIZ), Mengla, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 21 ° 28 ΄ N, 101 ° 38 ΄ E, alt. 600 m, 22–25.iv. 2007, J.J. Gao. LAOS: 23 (SCAU, Nos 120497, 98), Reu Gnomnolat, 680 m, 25.v. 2007, X.M. Wang. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: medius and spinosus, referring to the surstylus submedially with 1 strong prensiseta. Distribution. China (Yunnan), Laos.Published as part of Cheng, Yu, Xu, Miaofeng & Chen, Hongwei, 2010, The Stegana (Oxyphortica) convergens species group from the Oriental region (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 57-63 in Zootaxa 2531 on pages 59-60, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19654

    Stegana (Oxyphortica) apicopubescens Cheng, Xu & Chen, 2010, sp. nov.

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    Stegana (Oxyphortica) apicopubescens sp. nov. (Figs 5–8) Diagnosis. Surstylus strongly protruded anteroventrally, with 2 strong prensisetae dorsally (Fig. 6). This species is somewhat similar to S. (O.) apicosetosa sp. nov., see under that species. Description. Frons dark brown. Face yellow. Gena and clypeus brown. Mesoscutum yellow medially, brownish laterally. Pleura yellow below. Scutellum brownish. All abdominal tergites yellow medially, brown on lateral and posterior margins. Sternites yellow, tergites 6 th and 7 th brown to dark brown in female. Measurements. BL = 2.75 mm in holotype (range in 43 5 ΨΨ paratypes: 2.60–2.85 in 3, 2.78–3.52 in ΨΨ), ThL = 1.16 mm (1.18–1.20 in 3, 1.24–1.44 in ΨΨ), WL = 2.55 mm (2.50–2.60 in 3, 2.41–2.75 in ΨΨ), WW =1.00 mm (0.90–1.02 in 3, 1.13–128 in ΨΨ), arb = 7 / 4 (7–8 / 4–5), avd = 0.65 (0.62–0.95), adf = 2.25 (1.83–2.63), flw = 1.50 (1.75–2.13), FW/HW = 0.44 (0.40–0.47), ch/o = 0.08 (0.08–0.10), prorb = 1.36 (1.16–1.68), rcorb = 0.95 (0.77 –1.00), vb = 0.78 (0.59–0.75), dcl = 0.13 (0.12–0.49), presctl = 0.58 (0.43– 0.65), sctl = 1.18 (1.15–1.26), sterno = 0.81 (0.73–0.92), orbito = 2.50 (1.40 –2.00), dcp = 0.36 (0.25–0.34), sctlp = 1.19 (0.83–1.33), C = 3.36 (2.53–3.59), 4 c = 0.77 (0.68–0.91), 4 v = 1.82 (1.68–1.88), 5 x = 1.30 (1.00– 1.47), ac = 4.30 (3.36–5.33), M = 0.43 (0.43–0.57), C 3 F = 0.86 (0.81–0.93). Specimens examined. Holotype 3 (SCAU, No. 120499), CHINA: Maoershan, Guilin, Guangxi, 25 ° 51 ΄ N, 110 ° 27 ΄ E, alt. 500 m, 18.x. 2004, H.W. Chen. Paratypes: 43 (SCAU, Nos 120500 -03), same data as holotype, H.L. Cao, M.F. Xu & X.L. Zhan; 23 (SCAU, Nos 120504, 05), Chongzou, Guangxi, 22 ° 33 ΄ N, 106 ° 92 ΄ E, alt. 230 m, 23,24. viii. 2004, H.W. Chen; 73 9 ΨΨ (23 3 ΨΨ in KIZ; 53 6 ΨΨ in SCAU, Nos 120506 - 16), Huolushan, Guangdong, 23 ° 11 ΄ N, 113 ° 22 ΄ E, alt. 80 m, 5.iv. 2005, M.F. Xu. Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: apex and pubescens, referring to the gonopods with pubescence. Distribution. China (Guangdong, Guangxi).Published as part of Cheng, Yu, Xu, Miaofeng & Chen, Hongwei, 2010, The Stegana (Oxyphortica) convergens species group from the Oriental region (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 57-63 in Zootaxa 2531 on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19654

    Stegana (Steganina) angustigena Cheng, Gao & Chen, 2009, sp. nov.

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    Stegana (Steganina) angustigena sp. nov. (Figs 7–10) Specimens examined. Holotype: ♂ (SCAU, No. 120621), CHINA: Jianfengling, Ledong, Hainan, 18°41' N, 108°52' E, altitude 700 m, 19.v.2004, on tree trunks, HW Chen. Paratypes: CHINA: 6♂ 10♀ (3♂ 5♀ in KIZ; 3♂ 5♀ in SCAU, Nos 120692-99), same data as holotype except for 20.iv.2008, XP Chen, JJ Gao; 2♂ 3♀ (SCAU, Nos 120622-26), Wuzhishan, Hainan, 18°48ʹ N, 109°19ʹ E, altitude 440 m, 20.iv.2007, on tree trunks, HZ Cao, T Li; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 120627), Nonggang, Chongzuo, Guangxi, 22°33ʹ N, 106°92ʹ E, altitude 230 m, 23.viii.2004, on tree trunks, HW Chen; 4♀ (KIZ), Menglun, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 21°41' N, 101°25' E, altitude 880 m, 16–19.iv.2007, ex tussock, JJ Gao; 3♂ 14♀ (1♂ 1♀ on tree trunks) (1♂ 6♀ in KIZ; 1♂ 6♀ in SCAU, Nos 120628-34, 1♂ 2♀ in SEHU), Mengla, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, 21°28' N, 101°38' E, altitude 600 m, 21–24.iv.2007, ex tussock, HW Chen, JJ Gao, F Zhao. Diagnosis. Surstylus strongly curved submedially (Fig. 8); aedeagus composed of 1 lobe-like and 1 pair of slender, rod-like processes; the lobe-like process bifurcated distally, with pubescence (Fig. 10). Description. Male and female: Pedicel brown; first flagellomere black. Palpus black. Mesonotum brown to dark brown, without stripe. Scutellum dark brown to black. Katepisternum brown on upper part, yellow on lower part. Legs white-yellow, brown on apical part of fore femur, dark brown to black medially on mid and hind femora, with 2 dark brown rings on all tarsomeres. Fore femur with 4–5 setae on distal part of ventral surface. All abdominal tergites and sternites dark brown to black. Male terminalia: Epandrium with approximately 30 setae near posterior to ventral margin on each body-side (Fig. 7). Cercus lacking pubescence (Fig. 7). Plate between hypandrium and aedeagus slightly pubescent (Fig. 10). Measurements. BL = 2.25 mm in holotype (range in 4♂ 5♀ paratypes: 2.13–2.47 mm in ♂, 2.28–2.91 mm in ♀); ThL = 1.13 mm (1.00– 1.22 mm in ♂, 1.09–1.38 mm in ♀); WL = 1.84 mm (1.74–1.90 mm in ♂, 1.88–2.28 mm in ♀); WW = 1.00 mm (0.98–1.24 mm in ♂, 1.04–1.26 mm in ♀). Indices: arb = 8/6 (7–9/6–7), avd = 0.86 (0.67–0.82), adf = 1.27 (1.36–1.80), flw = 1.91 (1.80–2.10), FW/HW = 0.34 (0.33–0.40), ch/o = 0.06 (0.06–0.09), prorb = 1.28 (1.05–1.25), rcorb = 0.78 (0.71–0.94), vb = 0.21 (0.20–0.33), dcl = 0.40 (0.38– 0.47), presctl = 0.54 (0.47–0.61), sctl = 1.29 (1.46–1.72), sterno = 0.81 (0.80–0.93), orbito = 2.50 (2.00–2.50), dcp = 0.20 (0.16–0.24), sctlp = 1.06 (0.94–1.18), C = 1.89 (1.78–2.12), 4c = 1.33 (1.17–1.37), 4v = 1.81 (1.68–1.81), 5x = 1.30 (1.08–1.30), ac = 9.33 (7.50–10.00), M = 0.62 (0.52–0.62), C3F = 0.69 (0.56–0.73). Distribution. China (Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan). Etymology. A combination of the Latin words: angustus and gena, referring to the narrow gena.Published as part of Cheng, Yu, Gao, Jian-Jun & Chen, Hong-Wei, 2009, Stegana ornatipes species group from the Oriental Region (Diptera: Drosophilidae), pp. 37-48 in Zootaxa 2216 (1) on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2216.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/532186

    Comparison of Fuzzy Time Series Chen and Cheng to Forecast Indonesia Rice Productivity

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    Based on BPS data in 2019, around 90% of Indonesians consume rice as the main product of their carbohydrate needs. With the fourth most populous country in the world, Indonesia's rice consumption in 2021 will reach 31.50 million tons. Indonesia's rice production is currently not able to supply the needs of domestic rice consumption. Therefore, the Indonesian government chose to import rice for supply the needs of domestic rice consumption. Forecasting method can help the government to reduce uncertainty about the future of rice productivity. This research will discuss the comparison of the forecasting results of fuzzy timeseries using chen and cheng models in forecasting rice productivity in Indonesia. The comparison based on the percentage of eror or in this research the MAPE value is used as an indicator. The MAPE value obtained using chen model is 18% and using cheng model is 12%. The result of data analysis found that the MAPE value using cheng model is smaller than using chen model. It means that the cheng model is more appropriate used in forecasting data of  Indonesia productivity rice. However the chen and cheng models both give good forecasting result because the MAPE value is less than 20
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