21 research outputs found
Nerocila longispina Miers 1880
No full text<i>Nerocila longispina</i> Miers, 1880 <p>(Fig. 8 d–f)</p> <p> <i>Nerocila longispina</i> Miers, 1880: 468.— Nierstrasz, 1915: 78.— Nierstrasz, 1931: 125. Ellis, 1981: 124.— Bruce, 1987b: 355, 412, fig. 35a–d.— Trilles, 1994: 92.— Rameshkumar, Trilles & Ravichandran 2011: 82–84, figs 3, 4.— Trilles, Ravichandran & Rameshkumar, 2011: 452.— Trilles, Rameshkumar & Ravichandran, 2013: 1273–1286, fig. 2d.—Anand Kumar, Rameshkumar, Ravichandran, Rethna Priya, Nagarajan & Kwang Leng, 2015: 206–210, fig. 2d.</p> <p> <b>Type and type locality</b>. Holotype, held at British Museum (Natural History), London (BMNH 1849: 86) figured by Bruce, (1987) from Malabar coast, India.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> 1 ovig. female (20 mm) from <i>Therapon puta,</i> (CAS / MBRM C- 21); 3 ovig. females (24–26 mm), from <i>Otolithes ruber</i> (Bloch & Schneider, 1801), Vedaranyam, 08 September 2009, coll. G. Rameshkumar (CAS / MBRM C-22 – C-24); 1 ovig. female (22 mm), Nagapattinam, 22 July 2017, from <i>Otolithes ruber</i>, coll. S. Ravichandran (ZSI / MBRC D1-543), the Southeastern coast of India.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Nerocila longispina</i> has not been described and figured by Miers (1880); the lateral view of the coxae of the sixth pereonite was only drawn by the author. Bruce (1987) gave few figures (dorsal view, ventral view, cephalon, pereopod 7 and uropods) without a description of the holotype of this species (BMNH: Holotype 1849: 86. Malabar; presented by I. Ward, according to Ellis 1981).</p> <p> <i>Nerocila longispina</i> was later diagnosed and redescriped by Rameshkumar <i>et al.</i> (2011) collected on <i>Therapon puta</i> and <i>Otholites ruber</i> from Vedaranyam, Southeastern coasts of India. <i>Nerocila longispina</i> has a body about 2 times as long as wide, widest between pereonites 6–7; cephalon anterior margin narrowly rounded or with a slender medial point; coxae 2–7 produced into successively longer pointed processes, always exceeding posteroventral corners of pereonites and more strongly angled away from the body; pleotelson about 1.2 times wider than long, smoothly rounded; uropod rami extending beyond posterior margin of pleotelson; exopod slightly longer than endopod; endopod with a notch on medial margin and very coarsely serrate lateral margin.</p> <p> <i>Nerocila longispina</i> belongs to the <i>Emphylia</i> group of species (Bowman 1978; Bruce 1987b). Until now, it is the single species of that group, other than <i>Nerocila sundaica</i> Bleeker, 1857, that has the anterior margin of the cephalon narrowly rounded and the basal segments of the antennula inflated and closes set. <i>Nerocila longispina</i> differs from <i>Nerocila sundaica</i> in having the lateral margin of uropod endopod finely serrate, the coxae 5–7 more strongly angled away from the lateral margin of the body, the posterolateral angles of pereonite 7 weakly produced instead backward into a pointed process as in <i>Nerocila sundaica.</i></p> <p> <b>Colour.</b> Pale tan with sparsely scattered chromatophores (Rameshkumar <i>et al.</i> 2011).</p> <p> <b>Size.</b> Non-ovig. female 20 mm; ovig. females 20–26 mm (Rameshkumar <i>et al.</i> 2011).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Record from Malaysian region (Miers 1880; Bruce 1987b), Malabar and Java (Ellis 1981) and the southeastern coast of India (Rameshkumar <i>et al.</i> 2011).</p> <p> <b>Host.</b> In most instances, the hosts are unknown from the previous report. Latter Rameshkumar <i>et al.</i> (2011) two hosts are identified: <i>Therapon puta</i> (Therapontidae) and <i>Otolithes ruber</i> (Sciaenidae).</p>Published as part of <i>Ravichandran, S., Vigneshwaran, P. & Rameshkumar, G., 2019, A taxonomic review of the fish parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothooidea) of India, pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 4622 (1)</i> on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4622.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3379899">http://zenodo.org/record/3379899</a>
Pseudirona laeopsi Pillai 1964
No full textPseudirona laeopsi Pillai, 1964 Pseudirona laeopsi Pillai, 1964: 222–223, fig. 6.— Trilles, Ravichandran & Rameshkumar, 2011: 453. Type and type locality. Pillai (1964) collected specimens from the gill chamber of Laeops macrophthalmus (Alcock, 1889) from Anchuthengu, Trivandrum, Kerala Coast, Arabian Sea. The author reported that the holotype female is deposited in the Indian Museum but the detail of the accession number is not available in the original description. The present museum inquiries, at the Indian museum, failed to recover any material for P. laeopsi and it seems that the types were either not submitted or it was lost. Remarks. Pseudirona laeopsi was not reported since its original description by Pillai (1964). Pseudirona laeopsi can be distinguished from other cymothoid species by the extremely spiny and setose appendages. Until now the identification of this species is based only on Pillai’s original description and it needs an accurate redescription. Distribution. Trivandrum, Kerala Coast, India (type locality) (Pillai 1964). Host. Known only from type host Laeops macrophthalmus (Alcock, 1889) (Pillai 1964).Published as part of Ravichandran, S., Vigneshwaran, P. & Rameshkumar, G., 2019, A taxonomic review of the fish parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothooidea) of India, pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 4622 (1) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4622.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/337989
Amine induced carbonylation of alkynes to cyclobutenediones using Fe<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>12</SUB>
No full textIron carbonyl species, prepared in situ in THF using Fe3(CO)12, react with alkynes at 25°C, in the presence of certain amines, to give the corresponding cyclobutenediones in moderate to good yields (25–61%) after CuCl2·2H2O oxidation
ChemInform Abstract: Amine-Induced Carbonylation of Alkynes to Cyclobutenediones Using Fe3(CO)12.
No full textChemInform Abstract: Novel Method of Conversion of Alkynes to Cyclic Imides Using Iron Carbonyl Complexes.
No full textNerocila exocoeti Pillai 1954
No full text<i>Nerocila exocoeti</i> Pillai, 1954 <p>(Fig. 8 a–c)</p> <p> <i>Nerocila exocoeti</i> Pillai, 1954: 12–13.— Kurochkin, 1980: 289.— Bruce, 1987b: 404.— Bruce & Harrison-Nelson, 1988: 592, fig. 4.— Bruce & Bowman, 1989: 1.— Trilles, 1994: 89.— Kensley, 2001: 233.— Trilles, Ravichandran & Rameshkumar, 2011: 451.— Sivasubramanian, Ravichandran, Rameshkumar & Allayie, 2011: 99–101 figs 1–4.— Trilles, Rameshkumar & Ravichandran, 2013: 1273–1286, figs 2c, 7a–i, 8, 9.— Aneesh, Helna, Valarmathi, Chandra & Mitra, 2017c: 385–394, figs 1–7.</p> <p> <i>Nerocila madrasensis</i> Ramakrishna & Ramaniah, 1978: 177 –180, figs 1–3.</p> <p> <b>Type and type locality</b>. The neotype, deposited at National Museum of Natural History, French (MNHN IU- 2009- 1937), from Parangipettai, the Southeastern coast of India, on <i>Exocoetus volitans.</i></p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <i>Neotype</i>: 1 ovig. female (28 mm), Parangipettai, 12 April 2011, from <i>Exocoetus volitans,</i> coll. G. Rameshkumar. (MNHN-IU-2009-1937).</p> <p> <i>Non-type</i>: 3 ovig. females, (24–28 mm), Pazhaiyar, 28 December 2016, from <i>Parexocoetus brachypterus</i>, coll. P. Vigneshwaran (CAS / MBRM 500–502); 1 ovig. female (28 mm), Parangipettai, 22 July 2017, from <i>Exocoetus volitans</i>, coll. S. Ravichandran (ZSI / MBRC D1-542); 2 non-ovig. females (22, 24 mm), Parangipettai, 12 April 2011, from <i>Exocoetus volitans,</i> coll. G. Rameshkumar (CAS / MBRM 506, 507) Southeastern coast of India.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Trilles <i>et al.</i> (2013) redescribed and diagnosed <i>N. exocoeti</i> from the female neotype (MNHN-IU-2009-1937). <i>N. exocoeti</i> can be identified by coxae 2–4, often visible in dorsal view, produced into rounded processes, not exceeding beyond posterior of pereonites; coxae 5–7, much longer than the anterior, posterior margin acute, reaching or extending slightly or distinctly beyond posterior of pereonites. Pleotelson long as wide, lateral margins convex, converging to an indistinct apical point, and that the entire body is blackish blue in color with many chromatophores.</p> <p> <i>Nerocila exocoeti</i> was identified by Pillai (1954) from a large number of specimens in all stages of development collected on <i>Parexocoetus brachypterus</i> from Travancore, India. However, no figures have been published. The author specified only that the main distinguishing character of this species is the comparative size of the coxal plates, the second being small, not extending beyond the posterior border of the segment and the seventh reaching the tip of the first pleon segment, and that the entire body is steel blue in color. Males were collected but not described by Pillai (1954). <i>N. exocoeti</i> was later collected on <i>P. brachypterus</i> and <i>Scomberomorus multiradiatus</i> (gut contents?) from Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Taiwan by Bruce & Harrisson-Nelson (1988). Only <i>N. exocoeti</i> and <i>N. trichiuri</i> have been collected from fishes belonging to the family Exocoetidae and both of these species are readily distinguished from each other. In <i>N. exocoeti</i> the uropods are much longer, exopod and endopod extending far beyond the distal margin of pleotelson. In <i>N. trichiuri</i> the coxae and postero-lateral angles of pereonites bluntly rounded and the live specimens of <i>N. trichiuri</i> are pale in colour.</p> <p> <i>Nerocila madrasensis</i> was poorly described by Ramakrishna & Ramaniah (1978) who suggested that this species resembles to <i>N. serra</i> and <i>N. trichiura</i>. Possibly related to <i>N. trichiura</i> according to Bruce (1987a), <i>N. madrasensis</i> and <i>N. trichiura</i> were provisionally synonymized by Trilles (1994) and Trilles <i>et al.</i> (2011). Recently <i>N. madrasensis</i> has been considered as a junior synonym of <i>N. exocoeti</i> based on the type specimen by Aneesh <i>et al.</i> (2017c).</p> <p> <b>Colour.</b> The entire body is steel blue in colour withmany chromatophores (Pillai, 1954).</p> <p> <b>Size.</b> Non-ovig. females 24–28 mm; ovig. females 22–24 mm.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>. This species extended from southem India (Pillai 1954; Trilles <i>et al.</i> 2013; Aneesh <i>et al.</i> 2017c) to Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and Taiwan (Bruce & Harrisson-Nelson 1988).</p> <p> <b>Host.</b> Only known from the beloniform hosts family Exocoetidae: <i>Parexocoetus brachypterus</i> (Pillai 1954; Bruce & Harrisson-Nelson 1988), <i>Exocoetus volitans</i> (Sivasubramanian <i>et al.</i> 2011; Trilles <i>et al.</i> 2013) and family Hemiramphidae: <i>Hemiramphus</i> sp. (Ramakrishna & Ramaniah 1978) and <i>Rhynchorhamphus malabaricus</i> Collette, 1976 (Aneesh <i>et al.</i> 2017).</p>Published as part of <i>Ravichandran, S., Vigneshwaran, P. & Rameshkumar, G., 2019, A taxonomic review of the fish parasitic isopod family Cymothoidae Leach, 1818 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothooidea) of India, pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 4622 (1)</i> on pages 50-52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4622.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3379899">http://zenodo.org/record/3379899</a>
Novel Reaction of the [HFe<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>11</SUB>]<SUP>-</SUP> reagent with alkynes: a new synthesis of cyclobutenediones
No full textReaction of the [HFe3(CO)11]- species generated in situ using Fe(CO)5 and NaBH4/CH3COOH in THF with alkynes, followed by CuCl2.2H2O oxidation leads to the corresponding cyclobutenediones in 60–73% yields. Reaction of [HFe3(CO)11]- species, generated in situ using Fe(CO)5 and NaBH4/CH3COOH in THF, with alkynes followed by CuCl2·2H2O oxidation leads to the corresponding cyclobutenedione
Reactive Iron Carbonyl Species via Reduction of FeCl<sub>3</sub> with NaBH<sub>4</sub> in the Presence of CO: Conversion of 1-Alkynes to Benzoquinones and Cyclobutenediones
No full textIron carbonyl species, prepared in situ at 25
°C through reduction of anhydrous FeCl3 with NaBH4
in the presence of carbon monoxide and acetic acid in
THF, reacts with 1-alkynes at reflux temperature to give
the corresponding benzoquinones after CuCl2·2H2O oxidation in moderate to good yields (51−80%). Also, these
species upon CH3I treatment followed by reaction with
1-alkynes lead to the formation of the corresponding
cyclobutenediones in moderate yields (30−37%) after
CuCl2·2H2O oxidation
Conversion of alkynes to cyclic imides and anhydrides using reactive iron carbonyls prepared from Fe(CO)<SUB>5</SUB> and Fe<SUB>3</SUB>(CO)<SUB>12</SUB>
No full textAlkyne-iron carbonyl complexes, prepared using Fe(CO)5–NaBH4–CH3COOH-amine-alkyne and Fe3(CO)12–amine–alkyne reagent systems, react with excess of amine at 25°C to give cyclic imides in moderate to good yields. Further, unsaturated iron carbonyl species, prepared using the Fe(CO)5–pyridine-N-oxide system, react with alkynes to give the corresponding anhydrides
