87,207 research outputs found
Documenting mortality in crises: what keeps us from doing better.
No full textFrancesco Checchi and Les Roberts discuss how mortality among crisis-affected populations is currently documented, barriers to better documentation, and how these barriers might be overcome
Variation of Efficacy of Filtering Face Pieces Respirators over Time in a Dental Setting: A Pilot Study
No full textSince aerosol continuously persists in dental settings, where different procedures and patients come in succession, the use of oronasal masks is highly recommended. Among them, respirators known as Filtering Face Pieces (FFP) show a protective superiority compared to surgical masks. Even concerning respirators classified as non-reusable, it is not known how many hours of use are necessary to compromise their filtering capacity. The aim of this study is to investigate the variations of filtering capacity of an FFP2 respirator over time, in order to safely optimize the timing of its use. Five respirators were worn by the same operator during clinical activity for different usage times (8, 16, 24, 32, 40 h), and one respirator was kept unused. All respirators underwent a bacterial filtration efficacy (BFE) test. T-test for paired data with Bootstrap technique and Wilcoxon test for paired data compared BFE values of the five tested FFP2s respectively at each time, and the areas with the corresponding values of the control respirator (FFp2-F). A generalized linear mixed effect model (GLM) was applied considering type of respirator and time as fixed effects and intercept as random effect. No significant statistical differences were present in the BFE of each time. Data obtained by the present study highlight the important ability of FFP2s to maintain their BFE over time, suggesting a long lasting protective function
Rapporti tra omega-3 e parodontite: Revisione della letteratura - Relationship between omega-3 and periodontitis: literature review
No full textOBIETTIVI. Gli acidi grassi della serie omega-3 hanno dimostrato una potente azione antinfiammatoria su molteplici distretti corporei. Nel presente lavoro si considera la riduzione della risposta infiammatoria causata dalla parodontite, riduzione che si esprimerebbe in una modulazione di spegnimento della cascata infiammatoria parodontale. MATERIALI E METODI. Per la revisione della letteratura sono state scelte le seguenti parole chiave, in italiano e in inglese: malattia parodontale, parodontite, omega-3, medicina antiaging, acidi grassi polinsaturi. Sono stati inclusi articoli scientifici e libri di testo pubblicati dal 1965 al 2015.
RISULTATI. Gli omega-3 esercitano un’importante azione sui mediatori della flogosi, con un conseguente controllo dell’infiammazione correlata allo stress ossidativo e con riparazione del tessuto parodontale.
CONCLUSIONI. La terapia parodontale potrebbe beneficiare dell’azione di modulazione della risposta immunoinfiammatoria dell’ospite tramite l’utilizzo degli omega-3, così da ridurre gli aspetti distruttivi della risposta infiammatoria stess
Bacteria prevalence in a large Italian population sample: a clinical and microbiological study
No full textThe present study detects those bacterial species which are more strongly related to bleeding on probing, suppuration and smoking in periodontal-affected patients. Nine hundred and fifty-one patients with periodontal diseases were admitted to the Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Dental School of Bologna University where they underwent microbiological tests for six periodontal pathogens (Actinomyces actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Tannerella forsythia). Cluster analysis explored the variables that mostly influence both the presence and absolute\relative bacterial load. Logistic regression and multivariate linear regression quantifies these relations. The probability of recovering bacteria belonging to the Red Complex is greater by 25-48% in presence of bleeding on probing. When probing depth is less than 3 mm the probability of presence of each bacterial species is inferior in comparison with depth >6 mm both for Red Complex (of 20-37%), the Orange complex (of 41-61%) and Actinomyces actinomycetemcomitans (46%). Total bacterial cell count increases with pocket depth above all for the Red Complex. As Treponema Denticola and Tannerella Forsytia presence is associated with bleeding on probing and Prevotella intermedia presence with suppuration and smoking. The examination of these three as indicators of periodontitis evolution is suggested
Relationships between curcuma and periodontitis: Literature overview
No full textOBJECTIVES Controlled life styles and correct dietary habits operate on oxidative stress and on the mechanisms of inflammatory regulations, causing a reduction of its destructive effects. This literature review has the aim of underline curcumin anti-inflammatory effects on oral and periodontal tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS A review of the literature was performed by inserting the following key words both in english and italian: periodontal disease, periodontitis, curcuma, curcumin, anti-aging medicine and oxidative stress. Only scientific articles and textbooks published between 1989 and 2016 were included. RESULTS Curcumin seems to be a valid anti-bacterial agent with good plaque reduction properties and it seems to have anti-inflammatory effects since is able to reduce gingival inflammation. In addition to non surgical periodontal therapy, curcumin showed an important reduction of gingival inflammation signs and bacteria reduction. CONCLUSIONS More and more researches confirm that inflammatory diseases can be managed better interfering with patients alimentation. Some types of food, as curcumin, can act to alle terapie tradizionali. Anche la parodontite potrebbe essere quindi meglio affrontata con interventi combinati di terapia tradizionale, igiene orale domiciliare e supporto nutrizionale e nutraceutico. as a support for traditional therapies. Therefore, also periodontitis could be better handled with combined interventions of traditional therapy, oral hygiene and nutritional and nutraceutical support
Le regole di gestione dello studio odontoiatrico: smaltimento dei rifiuti, disinfezione e sterilizzazione
No full textObjectives: For persons working in the field of dentistry, one of the most important sectors of professional risk is that of biologic risks. The aim of this article is to summarize current knowledge regarding waste disposal, disinfection, and sterilization procedures and the laws that regulate these activities. Materials and methods: The authors review the current laws regarding biological risk, the criteria for identification and classification of risk levels, and the correct management of waste products, materials used in dental practices, and the work place. Conclusions: Rational management of biological risks requires that all members of the staff have a sound knowledge base in this field. Specific duties must be assigned and operative protocols followed to the letter. This approach is the only way to ensure safe and professional management of this important aspect of dentistr
Head posture and lower arch dental crowding
No full textObjective: To test the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between the posture of the head and the neck and late lower arch crowding. Materials and Methods: The sample comprised 55 subjects (23 female, 32 male), age 12-18 years, with complete permanent dentition and without previous orthodontic treatment. Space conditions were valued by Nance's space analysis on the study models. Craniovertical, craniocervical, and craniohorizontal postural variables were recorded from lateral cephalograms. Student's t-test was performed to assess the differences of the postural angles between the two groups. Results: The results showed that the differences of the postural variables between the two groups are statistically significant. Subjects with more than 2 mm dental crowding had mean craniocervical angles (NSL/CVT, NSL/OPT, NL/CVT, NL/OPT) that were 5 degrees to 6 degrees larger than the subjects with the space conditions smaller than 2 mm (P <= .01). In addition, the mean craniohorizontal angles (CVT/Hor, OPT/Hor) in the subjects with lower dental crowding were 4 degrees smaller than subjects without dental crowding (P < .05). Conclusions: The hypothesis is rejected. A clear pattern of association between extended head posture and lower arch dental crowding was found
Relationships between curcuma and periodontitis: Literature overview,Rapporti tra curcuma e parodontite: Analisi della letteratura
No full textLe regole di gestione dello studio odontoiatrico: rischio biologico e sicurezza sul lavoro
No full textObjectives: Comprehensive continuing medical education programs in dentistry are difficult to achieve because of the extreme complexity of a dental practice and the multiple roles played by the dentist. As a result, dentists may not always be informed on one of the crucial points of their daily activity: professional risk management. The aim of this paper is to present up-to-date scientific data that can guide the dentist in this fundamental sector of dental practice. Materials and methods: Professional risk is a key aspect of every job. Continuing education is essential to keep dentists abreast of the developments in this field, such as the introduction of specific laws. This article analyzes the various types of professional risk and their implications for office management to provide dentists with the fundamental concepts needed for safe, rational management of their dental practice. Conclusions: In-depth understanding of the different types of professional risk and the appropriate distribution of duties between the members of the office staff constitute the basis for a safe, unflustered dental practice
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