4,148 research outputs found
Inflammation-related gene polymorphisms and colorectal adenoma
No full textChronic inflammation has been reported to be a risk factor for colorectal neoplasia. The propensity to mount an inflammatory response is modified by germ line variation in cytokine and other inflammation-related genes. We hypothesized that a proinflammatory genotype would be positively associated with colorectal adenoma, a precursor of colorectal cancer. We investigated the association of colorectal adenoma with 19 single nucleotide polymorphisms in a range of important proinflammatory (IL1B, IL6, IL8, TNF, and LTA) and anti-inflammatory (IL4, IL10, and IL13) cytokines and other inflammation-related genes (PTGS2 and PPARG) in a case-control study of risk factors for colorectal polyps in which all participants (ages 18-74 years) had undergone colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy. The study sample comprised 244 cases of colorectal adenoma and 231 polyp-free controls. Compared with being homozygous for the common allele, heterozygosity at the IL1B -31 (C>T) locus was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for colorectal adenoma of 1.8 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.2-2.9]. Homozygous carriers of the IL8 -251-A allele were at 2.7-fold increased risk of adenoma (95% CI, 1.5-4.9) compared with homozygosity for the common T allele, whereas carriage of at least one IL8 -251-A allele conferred a 1.5 increased odds of disease (95% CI, 1.0-2.4). Among non-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users, there was a statistically significant association between the IL10 -819-T/T genotype and adenoma compared with the common IL10 -819-C/C genotype (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.1-13.6), which was not evident among nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.3-1.5; P(interaction) = 0.01). These exploratory data provide evidence that polymorphic variation in genes that regulate inflammation could alter risk for colorectal adenoma
sj-png-2-njn-10.1177_20571585241227583 - Supplemental material for Swedish nursing research: A bibliometric and content analysis revealing author and institute collaborations, impact, and topics
No full textSupplemental material, sj-png-2-njn-10.1177_20571585241227583 for Swedish nursing research: A bibliometric and content analysis revealing author and institute collaborations, impact, and topics by Christopher Holmberg in Nordic Journal of Nursing Research</p
SJ Sindu: 47th Annual ODU Literary Festival
No full textSJ Sindu is a Tamil diaspora author of two literary novels (Marriage of a Thousand Lies, which won the Publishing Triangle Edmund White Award; and Blue-Skinned Gods, which was an Indie Next Pick and a finalist for the Lambda Literary Award), two graphic novels (Shakti and the forthcoming Tall Water), and one collection of short stories (The Goth House Experiment). Sindu holds a PhD in English and Creative Writing from Florida State University and is a co-editor for Zero Street, a literary fiction series featuring LGBTQ+ authors through the University of Nebraska Press. Sindu is an assistant professor at Virginia Commonwealth University. More at sjsindu.com
sj-png-3-njn-10.1177_20571585241227583 - Supplemental material for Swedish nursing research: A bibliometric and content analysis revealing author and institute collaborations, impact, and topics
No full textSupplemental material, sj-png-3-njn-10.1177_20571585241227583 for Swedish nursing research: A bibliometric and content analysis revealing author and institute collaborations, impact, and topics by Christopher Holmberg in Nordic Journal of Nursing Research</p
sj-png-1-njn-10.1177_20571585241227583 - Supplemental material for Swedish nursing research: A bibliometric and content analysis revealing author and institute collaborations, impact, and topics
No full textSupplemental material, sj-png-1-njn-10.1177_20571585241227583 for Swedish nursing research: A bibliometric and content analysis revealing author and institute collaborations, impact, and topics by Christopher Holmberg in Nordic Journal of Nursing Research</p
sj-docx-1-mdm-10.1177_0272989X221097106 – Supplemental material for Trends in Author-Reported Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds in the United States from 1995 to 2018: Implications for Discount Rates
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-mdm-10.1177_0272989X221097106 for Trends in Author-Reported Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds in the United States from 1995 to 2018: Implications for Discount Rates by Ankur Pandya, Mike Paulden, Jinyi Zhu, Tara A. Lavelle and James Hammitt in Medical Decision Making</p
Diversity in the glucose transporter-4 gene (SLC2A4) in humans reflects the action of natural selection along the old-world primates evolution.
No full textGlucose is an important source of energy for living organisms. In vertebrates it is ingested with the diet and transported into the cells by conserved mechanisms and molecules, such as the trans-membrane Glucose Transporters (GLUTs). Members of this family have tissue specific expression, biochemical properties and physiologic functions that together regulate glucose levels and distribution. GLUT4 -coded by SLC2A4 (17p13) is an insulin-sensitive transporter with a critical role in glucose homeostasis and diabetes pathogenesis, preferentially expressed in the adipose tissue, heart muscle and skeletal muscle. We tested the hypothesis that natural selection acted on SLC2A4.We re-sequenced SLC2A4 and genotyped 104 SNPs along a approximately 1 Mb region flanking this gene in 102 ethnically diverse individuals. Across the studied populations (African, European, Asian and Latin-American), all the eight common SNPs are concentrated in the N-terminal region upstream of exon 7 ( approximately 3700 bp), while the C-terminal region downstream of intron 6 ( approximately 2600 bp) harbors only 6 singletons, a pattern that is not compatible with neutrality for this part of the gene. Tests of neutrality based on comparative genomics suggest that: (1) episodes of natural selection (likely a selective sweep) predating the coalescent of human lineages, within the last 25 million years, account for the observed reduced diversity downstream of intron 6 and, (2) the target of natural selection may not be in the SLC2A4 coding sequence.We propose that the contrast in the pattern of genetic variation between the N-terminal and C-terminal regions are signatures of the action of natural selection and thus follow-up studies should investigate the functional importance of different regions of the SLC2A4 gene
Design of bimetallic nanoparticles
No full textThis work was supported by Korean Research Foundation Grant(KRF-2003-003-D00087). The author(S.J.Cho) acknowledged the generous permission to use the synchortron radiation at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory
The influence of formulation and medicine delivery system on medication administration errors in care homes for older people.
No full textINTRODUCTION: Older people in care homes are at increased risk of medication errors and adverse drug events. The effect of formulation on administration errors is not known, that is whether the medicine is a tablet or capsule, liquid or device such as an inhaler. Also, the impact on administration errors of monitored dosage systems (MDS), commonly used in UK care homes to dispense tablets and capsules, is not known. This study investigated the influence of formulation and MDS on administration errors. METHODS: Administration errors were identified by pharmacists (using validated definitions) observing two drug rounds of residents randomly selected from a purposive sample of UK nursing and residential homes. Errors were classified and analysed by formulation and medicine delivery system. RESULTS: The odds of administration errors by formulation, when compared with tablets and capsules in MDS, were: liquids 4.31 (95% CI 2.02 to 9.21; p = 0.0002); topicals/transdermals/injections 19.61 (95% CI 6.90 to 55.73; p < 0.0001); inhalers 33.58 (95% CI 12.51 to 90.19; p < 0.0001). The odds of administration errors for tablets and capsules not in MDS were double those that were dispensed in MDS (adjusted OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.02 to 4.51; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Inhalers and liquid medicines were associated with significantly increased odds of administration errors. Training of staff in safe administration of these formulations needs implementing. Although there was some evidence that MDS reduced the odds of an administration error, the use of MDS impacts on other aspects of medicines management. Because of this, and as the primary topic of our study was not MDS, a prospective trial specifically designed to evaluate the overall impact of MDS on medicine management in care homes is needed
- …
