8,578 research outputs found
Silencing Sl-EBF1 and Sl-EBF2 expression causes constitutive ethylene response phenotype, accelerated plant senescence, and fruit ripening in tomato
Full text linkThe hormone ethylene regulates a wide range of plant developmental processes and EBF (EIN3-binding F-box) proteins were shown to negatively regulate the ethylene signalling pathway via mediating the degradation of EIN3/EIL proteins. The present study reports on the identification of two tomato F-box genes, Sl-EBF1 and Sl-EBF2 from the EBF subfamily. The two genes display contrasting expression patterns in reproductive and vegetative tissues and in response to ethylene and auxin treatment. Sl-EBF1 and Sl-EBF2 genes are actively regulated at crucial stages in the development of the reproductive organs. Their dynamic expression in flowers during bud-to-anthesis and anthesis-to-post-anthesis transitions, and at the onset of fruit ripening, suggests their role in situations where ethylene is required for stimulating flower opening and triggering fruit ripening. VIGS-mediated silencing of a single tomato EBF gene uncovered a compensation mechanism that tends to maintain a threshold level of Sl-EBF expression via enhancing the expression of the second Sl-EBF gene. In line with this compensation, tomato plants silenced for either of the Sl-EBF genes were indistinguishable from control plants, indicating functional redundancy among Sl-EBF genes. By contrast, co-silencing of both Sl-EBFs resulted in ethylene-associated phenotypes. While reports on EBF genes to date have focused on their role in modulating ethylene responses in Arabidopsis, the present study uncovered their role in regulating crucial stages of flower and fruit development in tomato. The data support the hypothesis that protein degradation via the ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway is a control point of fruit ripening and open new leads for engineering fruit quality
Production of toxin protein by recombinant Escherichia coli with a thermally inducible expression system
No full textPhysiological studies on the expression of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis (Btt) gene coding for insecticidal protein in recombinant Escherichia coli 537 were carried out to identify optimal culture condition. It was necessary to shift culture temperature from 30 to 42 degrees C to express the gene. Expression of the Btt toxin gene by recombinant E. coli 537 began within one hour after induction. Complex nitrogen sources increased production of the insecticidal protein. The total insecticidal protein was 0.5 g/l when using yeast extract as a complex nitrogen source. Soybean hydrolysate showed apparently the highest induction efficiency. After induction, the cellular content of the insecticidal protein was 5.4 times higher than it had been before induction. The optimal cultivation strategy was found to grow cells for 7 hours at 30 degrees C and then 5-8 hours at 42 degrees C. The optimal cultivation pH for the production of insecticidal protein was 6.5. The Btt toxin produced by the recombinant E. coli 537 was found to have the same level of potency against Colorado potato beetle as the original toxin
Results and predictability of fat-removal orbital decompression for disfiguring graves exophthalmos in an Asian patient population.
No full textApplication of digital infrared thermal imaging in determining inflammatory state and follow-up effect of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy
No full textInstantaneous normal mode analysis of orientational motions in liquid water: Local structural effects
No full textChang Ko (Thailand), boy in forest
No full textGoh Chang, Southern Coast & Klong Gloy. Dec. 4, 1936. Panatomic Proms. Rollerflex. Forest. L Br. SL. 3.5 1/10 -.GrayscalePendleton nitrate negative, Box 191 of 38
Xenisthmus nigrolateralis Chen & Harefa & Jiang & Chang 2022, n. sp.
No full textXenisthmus nigrolateralis n. sp. (Figures 1, 2) Holotype. - NTOUP-2022-01-205, 27.7 mm SL, 5-8 m depth, Jan. 21, 2022; coll. IS Chen, T. Harefa & D.Y. Hong; Wanglitung, Henchuen township, Pingtung County, Taiwan, ROC. Paratype.- NTOUP-2022-01-206, 18.2 mm SL, 5-10 m depth, Dec. 21, 2021; coll. IS Chen, T. Harefa & D.Y. Hong; Jihwei, Chengkong township, Taitung County, Taiwan, ROC.Published as part of Chen, I-Shiung, Harefa, Tonisman, Jiang, Guo-Chen & Chang, Chih-Wei, 2022, A new wriggler of Eleotrid (Teleostei: Xenisthmidae) from Taiwan, pp. 13-17 in Zootaxa 5189 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5189.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/711965
Specification Slicing for VDM-SL
Full text linkThe executable specification is one of the powerful tools in lightweight formal software development. VDM-SL allows the explicit and executable definition of operations that reference and update internal state through imperative statements. While the extensive executable subset of VDM-SL enables validation and testing in the specification phase, it also brings difficulties in reading and debugging as in imperative programming. In this paper, we define specification slicing for VDM-SL based on program slicing, a technique used for debugging and maintaining program source code in implementation languages. We then present and discuss its applications. The slicer for VDM-SL is implemented on ViennaTalk and can be used on browsers and debuggers describing the VDM-SL specification.15 pages, submitted to the 22nd Overture Worksho
Rhinogobius rubromaculatus Lee & Chang 1996
No full textRhinogobius rubromaculatus Lee & Chang, 1996 Holotype.— ASIZP-056640, 39.0 mm SL, Nov. 30, 1991, coll. C.S. Tzeng, Wushi basin (= Tadushi basin), Taichung City, Taiwan. Others.— NTOUP-2017-06-321, 15 specimens, 16.6–31.0 mm SL, Aug. 16, 2016, coll. I-S. Chen, Wufong, Fongkushi, Wushi basin, Taichung City, Taiwan. NTOUP-2008-06-298, 14 specimens, 26.5–40.0 mm SL, Dec. 16, 2007, coll. W.C. Jan et al., Puli, Wushi basin, Nantou County, Taiwan.Published as part of Chen, I-Shiung, Wang, Shen-Chih & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2022, A new freshwater gobiid species of Rhinogobius Gill, 1859 (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from northern Taiwan, pp. 29-44 in Zootaxa 5189 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5189.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/711968
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