7,217 research outputs found

    Aggregation behavior of homo-PS/PS-b-P2VP blends at the air/water interface

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    The mixed Langmuir monolayers and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of horno-polystyrene (h-PS) and the diblock copolymer polystyrene- block-poly(2 -vinylpyridine) (PS-b-P2VP) have been characterized by the Langmuir monolayer technique and tapping mode atomic force microscony (AFM) resnectivelv. When the content of Y h-PS is below 80 wt.-%, the mixed LB films of h-PS/PS-b-P2VP mainly exhibit isolated circular nanoaggregates. With a further increase of the h-PS content (80-95%), however, highly uniform and stable necklace -network structures are observed in the mixed LB films.X1112sciescopu

    Wavelength tunable 10-GHz 3-ps pulse source using a dispersion decreasing fiber-based nonlinear optical loop mirror

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    We experimentally demonstrate the use of a dispersion decreasing fiber (DDF)-based nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) for the generation of wavelength tunable soliton-like pulses at a repetition rate of 10 GHz. We compress ~12 ps Gaussian pulses from an electro-absorption modulator (EAM) (followed by 125 m of DCF for preliminary linear dispersion compensation) into 3 ps pedestal-free pulses using both high-order soliton compression and nonlinear switching effects within an 8.5 km DDF-based loop mirror. The output pulses from the DDF-based NOLM show considerable pedestal reduction compared to those obtained by directly compressing the EAM seed pulses via a single passage through the DDF. Wavelength tuning of the compressed pulses over a ~15 nm bandwidth (from 1541 to 1556 nm) is demonstrated without a significant increase in pulse duration or degradation in pulse quality

    Characterization and fractionation of PS-b-PMMA diblock copolymer synthesized via click chemistry

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    Detailed molecular characterization and fractionation were carried out for a polystyrene-block-poly(methylmethacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) diblock copolymer prepared by linking PS-alkyne and PMMA-azide through a click reaction. PS and PMMA block precursors were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization and anionic polymerization, and end-functionalized to have alkyne and azide group, respectively. As-synthesized block copolymer was characterized by solvent gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) with multiple-detection for both separation and identification of byproducts. As-synthesized PS-b-PMMA contains various byproducts including unreacted precursor homo-polymers as well as byproducts formed during the synthesis of precursor polymers. To fractionate pure PS-b-PMMA out, two-step HPLC fractionation was employed. In the first step, PMMA homo-polymer was removed from the as-synthesized polymer using a C18 bonded silica column. In the second step, PS homo-polymer was removed to obtain pure PS-b-PMMA using a bare silica column. In both steps, multiple-injection method was used to facilitate the large scale fractionation procedure. A twodimensional liquid chromatography method, solvent gradient RPLC for the first dimension and SEC for the second dimension was also conducted to map the molecular characteristics of the block copolymer and its byproducts. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.1132sciescopu
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