1,702 research outputs found
I.P. skvortzov and imperial Kazan university
No full text© 2019, Ecozone, OAIMDD. All rights reserved. Irinarkh Polikhronievich Skvortzov was a famous Russian scientist. He was born on 5 August, 1847. I.P. Skvortzov graduated from Imperial Kazan University with MD degree. All his life was connected with medical and educational activities. Scientific interests mainly concerned hygiene and microbiology. He was the author of some original microbiological hypothesis. I.P. Skvortzov made a great input to Russian and international science in the end of XIX century. This historical review opens for the first time I.P. Skvortzov for Western readers
Notes on meteorological balloon mission planning
No full textIn the 21st century the high altitude gas balloon remains an indispensable tool in atmospheric science, meteorology and other applications requiring stratospheric observations. A prerequisite of the effectiveness of many types of balloon operations is an accurate trajectory forecasting capability, complete with appropriate error estimates. This is particularly important in targeted flights, sample return missions or flights of expensive instruments, whose recovery is essential. The ASTRA (Atmospheric Science Through Robotic Aircraft) initiative led to the development of such a forecast model, which is at the centre of the present paper. A key source of error in such models is our incomplete understanding of the drag opposing the rise of balloons in the free atmosphere – here we propose a new, stochastic model based on empirical data derived from thousands of radiosonde flights. We also examine other sources of prediction error affecting the accuracy of the flight path forecast, such as uncertainties in the wind profile and balloon envelope manufacturing variability. A Monte Carlo framework is used to provide probabilistic touchdown point estimates taking these error sources into account. The above elements have been integrated into a web service, which can be used as a flight planning tool – here we review the key features of its architecture
Laboratory investigation of hydrogenated diamond surfaces: Implications for the formation and size of interstellar nanodiamonds
No full textThe formation & size of interstellar diamonds have been investigated by infrared spectroscopy in the laboratory. Employing hot-filament chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to synthesize the interstellar analogs, we successfully reproduced the infrared emission bands of nanodiamonds around HD 97048 & Elias 1. Analysis of the infrared absorption spectra of synthetic diamond crystallites (25–700 nm) from a commercial source reveals a strong size-dependent effect. The 3.53 mm feature emerges only for particles larger than 25 nm. Our experiments suggest that the carriers of the anomalous infrared emission bands at 3.43 & 3.53 mm could be nanodiamonds that are larger than 25 nm & are formed by a CVD-like process
The time course for the abdominal-edematous effects of i.p. carrageenan (1.5%) in adult zebrafish.
No full text<p>The photographic images show the gross pathology of the abdomen in the lateral view following i.p. injection of vehicle (PBS) plus i.p. injection vehicle (PBS) (A and E) and i.p. injection vehicle plus i.p. injection of 1.5% carrageenan at each time point (B–D and F–H). Images A–D were taken at 0 h after i.p. injection of vehicle or 1.5% carrageenan; images E, F, G, and H were taken at 24 h after i.p. injection of vehicle and 8, 16, and 24 h after 1.5% carrageenan injection. Scale bars: 5 mm for images A–H. The increase of the lateral area of the abdomen was given as a difference change from the basal values by subtracting the basal lateral area from the lateral area measured at each time point. Time course of change of the lateral area of abdomen induced by i.p. injection of vehicle (PBS) or carrageenan in adult zebrafish using a photographic image analysis system (I). Compared with the i.p. vehicle groups, the lateral area of abdomen increased progressively in the i.p. 1.5% carrageenan groups until 24 h. Sections (2 µm) of zebrafish abdominal tissues at 24 h after an i.p. injection of vehicle (J) or carrageenan (K). I.p. carrageenan dramatically induced leukocyte infiltration (arrows) in the intestine. Scale bars: 100 µm for images (J) and (K). Each bar in Figure (I) represents the mean ± SEM of 9 adult zebrafish per group. *<i>P</i><0.05 compared with the same time points in the i.p. vehicle (PBS) group.</p
The anti-edematous effects of i.p. MP in carrageenan-injected adult zebrafish.
No full text<p>The photographic images show the gross pathology of the abdomen in the lateral view from the i.p. injection vehicle (PBS) plus i.p. injection vehicle group (A and D), the i.p. injection vehicle plus i.p. injection 1.5% carrageenan group (B and E), and the i.p. injection MP plus i.p. 1.5% carrageenan group (C and F). Images A–C were taken at 0 h after the second injection (as well as 1 h after the first injection); images D–F were taken at 24 h after the second injection (as well as 25 h after the first vehicle or MP injection). Scale bars: 5 mm (for all images). Quantification of the lateral area of abdomen induced by i.p. injection of vehicle or carrageenan in adult zebrafish using a photographic image analysis system (G). We used 1 µg MP as a positive control. MP administered by i.p. injection 1 h before carrageenan injection significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced abdominal edema. Each bar in Figure G represents the mean ± SEM of 9 adult zebrafish per group. MP: methylprednisolone. <b>*</b><i>P</i><0.05 compared with the i.p. vehicle plus i.p. vehicle group; #<i>P</i><0.05 compared with the i.p. vehicle plus i.p. 1.5% carrageenan group.</p
The anti-edematous effects of i.p. anti-TNF-α antibody and AG in carrageenan-injected adult zebrafish.
No full text<p>The photographic images show the gross pathology of the abdomen in the lateral view in the i.p. vehicle (PBS) plus i.p. vehicle group (A and E), the i.p. vehicle plus i.p. 1.5% carrageenan group (B and F), the i.p. anti-TNF-α antibody (1∶5 dilution in a volume of 20 µL) plus i.p. 1.5% carrageenan group (C and G), and the i.p. AG (1 µg) plus i.p. 1.5% carrageenan group (D and H). Images A–D were taken at 0 h after the second injection of vehicle or carrageenan (as well as 1 h after the first injection of vehicle, anti-TNF-α antibody, or AG); images E–H were taken at 24 h after the second injection of vehicle or carrageenan (as well as 25 h after the first injection of vehicle, anti-TNF-α antibody, or AG injection). Scale bars: 5 mm for all images. Quantification of the lateral area of the abdomen induced by the second injection of vehicle or carrageenan in adult zebrafish using a photographic image analysis system (I). Anti-TNF-α antibody or AG administered 1 h before carrageenan injection markedly reduced carrageenan-induced abdominal edema. Each bar in Figure (I) represents the mean ± SEM of 9 adult zebrafish per group. anti-TNF: anti-TNF-α antibody; AG: aminoguanidine; Ca: carrageenan; <b>*</b><i>P</i><0.05 compared with the i.p. injection of vehicle plus i.p. vehicle group; #<i>P</i><0.05 compared with the i.p. vehicle plus i.p. 1.5% carrageenan group.</p
Molting, reproductive biology, and hatchery management of redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens 1868)
No full textCommercial crustacean fisheries are dwindling while demand is growing. Aquaculture is expected to meet supply requirements, thus better egg production and hatchery management are required if the industry is to keep growing. In addition to hatchery management, methods that improve crustacean juvenile production by manipulating their endocrine system are being assessed. Redclaw . Cherax quadricarinatus aquaculture technology is mature enough to grow into an important industry. However, further growth requires research on nutrition, disease and reproduction. The present manuscript reviews existing literature about redclaw reproduction, hatchery, and nursery technology. Further research is bound to improve monosex larval production or at least develop methods to improve growth in both sexes. The market for redclaw is growing, aquaculture in warm countries is increasing and research is improving aquaculture methodologies of the species. 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Maxim Gorky and the Publishing House of I.P. Ladyzhnikov (Based on Archival Materials)
No full textBased on the hitherto unpublished archival materials, this article examines the history of creation and specific traits of an obscure small Russophone Publishing house of I.P. Ladyzhnikov. It also analyzes the role and the scope of Maxim Gorky’s contribution to the work of this publishing house. It is shown that Gorky was one of the founders of this Berlin-based firm. Not only was he an ideological inspirator of this new business, he also supported it financially. As a result of collective efforts on behalf of Gorky and prominent leaders of the Bolshevik party in 1905, the Russianlanguage publishing house was established abroad. By publishing the works of Gorky and other democratic writers of the Znanie group, it secured their copyright in Europe and America and contributed part of its income to the Bolshevik party funds. In 1905–1912, under the direction of Ladyzhnikov, all new works of Gorky were published by this press. The peak of the Publishing house of I.P. Ladyzhnikov fell upon the most fruitful creative period in the life of the main author of this publishing house — M. Gorky. At the end of 1912 Ladyzhnikov was forced to transfer his business to his partner — B.N. Rubinstein, due to financial difficulties. However, the publishing house continued to exist until 1932. The article examines in detail the lesser-studied postrevolutionary period of the Publishing house of I.P. Ladyzhnikov under the leadership of Rubinstein and demonstrates Rubinstein’s significant participation in the translation and publication of Gorky’s works, including translations and productions of his plays abroad
Protective effect of chorioamnionitis on the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia triggered by postnatal systemic inflammation in neonatal rats
No full textBACKGROUND: Prenatal or postnatal systemic inflammation can contribute to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We investigated whether prenatal intra-amniotic (i.a.) inflammation or early postnatal systemic inflammation can induce BPD in a rat model. METHODS: One microgram of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle was injected into the amniotic sacs 2 d before delivery (E20). After birth, 0.25 mg/kg of LPS or vehicle was injected into the peritoneum of pups on postnatal day (P)1, P3, and P5. On P7 and P14, peripheral blood (PB), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue were obtained and analyzed. RESULTS: Postnatal i.p. injections of LPS significantly increased neutrophil counts in PB and BALF on P7 and P14. Similarly, pro inflammatory cytokine and angiogenic factor transcript levels were increased in the lung by i.p. LPS on P7. Alveolar and pulmonary vascular development was markedly disrupted by i.p. LPS on P14. However, pretreatment with i.a. LPS significantly negated the detrimental effects of postnatal i.p. LPS on PB and BALF neutrophil counts and on lung proinflammatory cytokine expression and histopathological changes. CONCLUSION: Exposure to early postnatal systemic LPS induces BPD, an arrest in alveolarization, in neonatal rats. Preceding exposure to i.a. LPS protects the lungs against BPD triggered by postnatal systemic inflammation.N
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