10,573 research outputs found
Pontocaris major Chan 1996
No full textPontocaris major Chan, 1996 Pontocaris major Chan, 1996: 304, fig. 13. Material examined. South China Sea. 1 male (cl 14.3 mm), MBM 228666, CN 30, 5° 35 'N, 114 ° 51 'E, 206 m, mud, AT, 29 Jul 1988; 1 female (cl 16.9 mm), MBM 228649, CN 32, 5° 40 '04'N, 112 °05' 99 'E, 170 m, muddy sand, AT, 31 Jul 1988. Distribution. South China Sea, Philippines, at depths of 116–457 meters. Remarks. The present specimens agree well with the original descriptions and illustrations by Chan (1996). The body is large and robust, the dactylus of the fifth pereiopod is strongly modified, the sixth thoracic sternite bears a large median tooth, the second abdominal tergite has the lateral sinuous ridges interrupted, the third abdominal tergite has the lateral sinuous ridges continuous, the sixth abdominal somite has two pairs of dorsolateral spines, the fifth abdominal somite lacks a dorsolateral spine, the abdominal pleura are all ventrally acute and elongate. The species has not been previously recorded from the South China Sea.Published as part of Han, Qingxi & Li, Xinzheng, 2008, Records of the crangonid shrimp genus Pontocaris Bate, 1888 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from Chinese waters, with notes on biology of P. pennata Bate, 1888, pp. 47-62 in Zootaxa 1807 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18271
Implementation of a Fuzzy Control Based Intelligent Robot Fish
No full text[[abstract]]This paper introduces the implementation of a fuzzy control based intelligent robot fish. The robot fish can swim autonomously or be controlled through remote control. Possible actions of the robot fish by remote control include swimming forward, turning left, turning right, sinking, and rising. It also includes automatic electrical power sensing functions. When electricity is low, the robot fish will surface to recharge electricity. Furthermore, the robot fish can perform some independent functions, such as obstacle avoidance and target tracking. A camera inside the fish can monitor underwater surroundings and also track targets in the water . This work uses two control methods, intuitive control and fuzzy control, to avoid obstacle and track targets, and then compares both of them by computer simulations and practical experiment. The comparison results show that fuzzy control fish performs better than the intuitive control fish. In order to prove the adaptability of the robot fish to different environments, the robot fish was tested not only in the pool of the laboratory, but also in various outdoor environments. The results show that the robot fish can be operated in all of the tested environments.[[note]]SC
Heterocarpus abulbus Yang & Chan & Chu 2010, sp. nov.
No full textHeterocarpus abulbus sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 3A–B, 4A–D, 5A) Heterocarpus gibbosus. — Miyake 1998: 65 (part), pl. 22-3. — Chan & Yu 1987: 54 (part), pl. 1A, B. [nec Bate 1888]. Material examined. Holotype: Taiwan, Dasi fishing port, Yilan County, commercial trawler, 04.IX.2006, ov. female 36.5 mm cl (NTOU M00789). Paratypes: Taiwan, Dasi fishing port, Yilan County, commercial trawler, 16. VI.1982, 1 ov. female 29.4 mm cl, 1 female 22.8 mm cl (NTOU M00807); 02.II.1983, 2 males 29.5–30.7 mm cl, 2 ov. females 27.0– 27.9 mm cl, 1 female 28 mm cl (MNHN); 30. VI.1984, 1 female 28.5 mm cl (NTOU M00809); 14.VII.1984, 1 male 24.4 mm cl, 1 female 13.4 mm cl (NTOU M00810); 14.X.1984, 1 male 24.2 mm cl, 1 ov. female 25.9 mm cl (NTOU M00811); 10.VIII.1988, 1 female 35.6 mm cl (NTOU M00812); 06.IX.1999, 1 male 26.2 mm cl, 1 ov. female 22.9 mm cl, 1 female 22.6 mm cl (NTOU M00791); 30. III.2000, 2 males 18.3–29.9 mm cl, 2 females 22.5–27.9 mm cl (RMNH D53127); 10. IV.2000, 1 male 26.1 mm cl, 1 ovig. female 30.8 mm cl, 3 females 23.0– 23.1 mm cl (NTOU M00013); 31.VIII.2006, 1 male 19.2 mm cl, 1 ovig. female 25.6 mm cl (OUMNH. ZC.2009-16-001); 04.IX.2006, 3 males 27.9–32.8 mm cl, 5 ovig. females 29.5–37.3 mm cl, 1 female 27.1 mm cl (NTOU M00813); 05.IX.2006, 6 males 22.7–31.4 mm cl, 2 females 21.0– 25.23 mm cl (NTOU M00790); 24. V.2007, 3 males 16.9–21.4 mm cl, 1 female 19.7 mm cl (NTOU M00814); 01. VI.2007, 1 male 15.8 mm cl (NTOU M00815); 16.VII.2007, 1 ov. female 34.7 mm cl (NTOU M00851); XI.2007, 1 male 27.2 mm cl (NTOUM00816); 19.XII.2007, 2 females 27.1–32.7 mm cl (NTOU M00817). — Donggang fishing port, Pingtung County, commercial trawler, 31.X.1984, 2 males 21.8–23.8 mm cl (NTOU M00818); 23. III.1985, 2 males 14.4–24.8 mm cl, 3 females 17.5–25.5 mm cl (NTOU M00819); 17.XI.1999, 8 males 21.8–29.1 mm cl, 9 females 22.2–28.9 mm cl (NTOU M00820); 09.XI.2001, 1 male 24.3 mm cl, 1 ov. female 26.0 mm cl (NTOU M00014); 28.VII.2009, 5 males 22.0– 27.4 mm cl, 1 ov. female 26.3 mm cl, 3 females 21.6–27.5 mm cl (RUMF-ZC-917). Non-type material examined. Philippines, E. Luzon, “ AURORA 2007”, stn CP 2672, 14°57’N, 121°41’E, 276–346 m, 22. V.2007, 4 males 17.8–28.4 mm cl, 4 females 16.5–25.9 mm cl (NTOU M00792). Description. Rostrum far overreaching scaphocerite, 0.8–1.0 times as long as carapace, gently (males) or strongly (females and juveniles) curving upwards, distally straight and directed anterodorsally; dorsally armed with 6–10 teeth including 3–5 teeth on the rostrum proper and 4 or 5 teeth on the carapace posterior to orbital margin; ventrally armed with 10–14 teeth almost along entire length, tooth size progressively diminishing anteriorly, distal 2 or 3 teeth very small and obscure (Fig. 1A). Postrostral carina slightly elevated, basal rostral crest low, maximum height 0.85–1.61 (mean 1.17) times as long as basal rostral height. Carapace with two lateral carinae; postorbital carina rounded, extending posteriorly almost to posterior margin of carapace, curved dorsally at about mid-length; branchiostegal carina sharp on anterior part, becoming broadly rounded posteriorly, extending posteriorly to 75–95% (mean 86%) of lower carapace length. Branchiostegal spine not overreaching antennal spine (Figs. 1A, 3A). Abdomen unarmed posteriomedially on all somites, and without sharp dorsal carina or tooth on any somite (Fig. 1A). Third somite bluntly carinate dorsally, dorsal boss absent or poorly developed, with lateral longitudinal grooves faint to completely absent (Figs. 4A–B). Pleura IV and V each bearing acute posteroventral tooth. Somite VI 1.45–1.67 times as long as maximum height. Telson 1.52–1.72 longer than somite VI, bearing 4 pairs of dorsolateral spines and 3 pairs of terminal spines. Uropods distinctly overreaching telson, exopod bearing fixed disterolateral tooth and strong movable spine. Eye subpyriform and without ocellus. Antennular peduncle with stylocerite sharply acute, nearly reaching distal end of second segment; outer flagellum very long. Scaphocerite 0.46–0.53 times as long as carapace, 2.27–2.63 times as long as wide, blade slightly overreaching distolateral spine, lateral margin feebly convex; flagellum more than 3 times carapace length. Maxilliped III stouter than pereiopods and overreaching scaphocerite, exopod 0.34–0.53 times as long as antepenultimate segment; mastigobranch present (Fig. 1H). Pereiopods with mastigobranchs on anterior 4 pairs. Pereiopod I slightly overreaching scaphocerite; chela small but distinct, 0.54–0.60 times as long as carpus. Pereiopods II markedly unequal, shorter one (usually right side) with carpus subdivided into 7–9 articles, proximal article longest, distal article second longest, others articles similar, short; carpus 1.27–1.44 times as long as chela, merus 0.66–0.75 as long as carpus, ischium compressed and produced ventrally (Fig. 1B); longer one (usually left side) with carpus subdivided into 21–25 articles and merus subdivided into 8–9 articles (Fig. 1C). Pereiopod III overreaching scaphocerite by about dactylus, dactylus 0.29–0.36 times as long as propodus, propodus scattered with long setae (Fig. 1D), ventral margin with 6–9 spinules; carpus 0.71–0.85 times as long as propodus, with 1–3 strong spines; merus armed with 3–7 mesial and 7–15 lateral spines along flexor margin (Fig. 1E). Pereiopods IV and V similar to III, IV overreaching scaphocerite by about dactylus, carpus armed with 1 (rarely 2) spine(s), merus with 7 or 8 ventral spines (Fig. 1F); V overreaching scaphocerite by dactylus and half propodus, carpus with 0–2 (usually 1) spine(s), merus with 6– 8 ventral spines (Fig. 1G). Coloration. Body generally orange-pink to orange and with ventral sides dark pink (Fig. 5A). Eyes dark brown. Antennular and antennal flagella orangish-pink. Pereiopods dark pink at proximal half and pale pink at distal half, posterior 3 pereiopods also with dactyli and most parts of meri reddish. Eggs dark green. Distribution. Only known with certainty from Taiwan and NE Philippines, probably also from Japan (see Remarks). The Taiwanese material, collected by local commercial trawlers, is assumed to be from about 200–400 m deep. The Philippines specimens were obtained from 276–346 m deep. The Japanese specimen in Miyake (1998) was collected from 500 m deep. Etymology. The specific name refers to the lacking (“ a ”) of an abdominal boss (“ bulbus ”) in the new species. Remarks. Other than having a low basal rostral crest (Figs. 3A–B), the present new species is unique in the genus by lacking a distinct abdominal boss. The lateral carinae on the carapace and abdominal boss had been considered as generic level characters of Heterocarpus (see Chace 1989). Chan & Crosnier (1997) discussed in details these two characters and treated the species of the “ Heterocarpus / Plesionika laevis ” group belonging to Plesionika Bate, 1888. With the removal of the “ Heterocarpus / Plesionika laevis ” group, H. abulbus becomes the only species of the genus lacking a distinct abdominal boss. Furthermore, the dorsal profile of the abdominal somite III is rather rounded in the Taiwanese material (Figs. 4A–B). In those specimens from NE Philippines, abdominal somite III is dorsally more angulate (Figs. 4C–D) but still distinctly blunter than in H. gibbosus (Figs. 4E–F), which always has a distinct abdominal boss (see also Crosnier 1988: pl. IVc–d). Heterocarpus abulbus appeared to be restricted to the northern part of the western Pacific. Other than the present material from Taiwan and NE Philippines, the photograph of “ H. gibbosus ” from Japan in Miyake (1998: pl. 22-3) shows a very low basal rostral crest and probably is H. abulbus. “ Heterocarpus gibbosus ” is rather rare in Japan and Miyake’s (1998) specimen is now lost (K. I. Hayashi, pres. comm.). There is no “ H. gibbosus ” material in the collection of the National Science Museum, Tokyo and the Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba (M. Mitsuhashi and T. Komai, pres. comm.). Only a few specimens identified as “ H. gibbosus ” from Japan and the East China Sea are located in the National Fisheries University, Shimonoseki and they all have very high basal rostral crest. Three live specimens of “ H. gibbosus ” collected from Okinawa on display in the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium also have very high basal rostral crest (TYC pers. observation). Both these are not considered H. abulbus, but rather H. corona. The figure of “ H. gibbosus ” given by Tung et al. (1988: 39, fig. 40) on an East China Sea specimen actually depicts H. longirostris MacGilchrist, 1905. The somewhat low basal rostral crest specimens of H. gibbosus reported from SW Luzon, Philippines (Crosnier 1988: fig. 6b) and the Gulf of Aden (Fransen 2006: fig. 2) have a distinct abdominal boss (Crosnier 1988: pl. IVc–d; Fransen 2006: fig. 8), and therefore, are not H. abulbus. Chace (1985: fig. 17a) and Kensley (1979: fig. 4) reported on two “ALBATROSS” specimens from west of Halmahera, Indonesia with low basal rostral crests. Re-examination of these specimens will be needed to see if they represent the true H. gibbosus, H. abulbus or further species.Published as part of Yang, Chien-Hui, Chan, Tin-Yam & Chu, Ka Hou, 2010, Two new species of the " Heterocarpus gibbosus Bate, 1888 " species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Pandalidae) from the western Pacific and north-western Australia *, pp. 206-220 in Zootaxa 2372 (1) on pages 207-210, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2372.1.19, http://zenodo.org/record/530758
Heterocarpus abulbus Yang, Chan & Chu 2010
No full textHeterocarpus abulbus Yang, Chan & Chu, 2010 (Fig. 1, Table 1) Size: CL, mean 0.55 mm (range 0.53–0.58 mm); BL, mean 2.44 mm (range 2.38–2.55 mm); TL, mean 2.95 mm (range 2.88–3.05 mm). Carapace (Figs. 1 A, B, D): Dorsoventrally flattened; rostrum slightly curved downwards and slender, longer than antennular peduncle; dorsal anterior and posterior processes present; anteroventral margin bearing strong pterygostomian spine, followed by 1 minute and 1 distinct spines; eyes sessile. Antennule (Fig. 1 E): Peduncle unsegmented, slender and bearing 1 small tubercle; exopod unsegmented with 1 spatulate seta and 3 terminal aesthetascs as well as 1 terminal plumose seta; endopod with 1 long plumose seta. Antenna (Fig. 1 F): Peduncle unsegmented and with 1 spine distally; endopod unsegmented, with 1 long terminal plumose seta and 1 slender spine; exopod distally 6 -segmented, with 11 marginal plumose setae, 1 distolateral seta (simple) and inner tubercle. Mandible (Fig. 1 G): Palp absent; incisor and molar processes well differentiated; with lacinia mobilis. Maxillule (Fig. 1 H): Coxal endite with 7 (2 subterminal+ 5 terminal) setae; basial endite with 2 strong setae and 3 cuspidate setae; endopod unsegmented, with 2 subterminal setae and 3 terminal setae; exopod absent. Maxilla (Fig. 1 I): Coxal endite bilobed with 8 + 3 setae; basial endite bilobed with 3 + 4 setae; endopod with 9 (3 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 2) setae; scaphognathite margin with 5 plumose setae. First maxilliped (Fig. 1 J): Coxa with 5 setae; basis with 11 setae; endopod unsegmented with 3, 1, 2, 4 (1 subterminal+ 3 terminal) setae; exopod unsegmented with 4 long plumose natatory setae. Second maxilliped (Fig. 1 K): Coxa with 2 setae; basis with 8 setae; endopod 4 -segmented with 3, 1, 2, 5 (1 subterminal+ 4 terminal) setae; exopod unsegmented with 5 long plumose natatory setae. Third maxilliped (Fig. 1 L): Coxa without setae; basis with 4 setae; endopod 4 -segmented with 2, 1, 2, 4 (1 subterminal+ 3 terminal) setae; exopod unsegmented with 5 long plumose natatory setae. Pereiopods: Absent. Abdomen (Fig. 1 A, C): With 5 somites and without setae or spines. Pleopods: Absent. Uropods: Absent. Telson (Fig. 1 A): Subtriangular, posterior border with 7 + 7 setae, outermost 2 pairs only plumose on inner margin; bases of each seta except outermost one with row of minute spinules.Published as part of Jiang, Guo-Chen, Chan, Tin-Yam & Shih, Tung-Wei, 2014, Morphology of the first zoeal stage of three deep-water pandalid shrimps, Heterocarpus abulbus Yang, Chan & Chu, 2010, H. hayashii Crosnier, 1988 and H. sibogae De Man, 1917 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea), pp. 428-436 in Zootaxa 3768 (4) on page 429, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/21860
Metallorganic chemical vapor deposition of metallic Ru thin films on biaxially textured Ni substrates using a Ru(EtCp)2 precursor
No full textRuthenium (Ru) films on rolling-assisted biaxially textured Ni substrates (RABiTs) were deposited by liquid source chemical vapor deposition using bis-(ethyl-π-cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium (Ru(C2H5C 5H4)2). The thermal decomposition process of the precursor was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mass spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry/ thermogravimetric analyses (DSC/TGA). The crystalline structure and resistivity of Ru thin films were investigated. The Ru films were polycrystalline and had a grainy structure. Although the thermal decomposition of the precursor required a sufficient amount of oxygen, the experimental results showed that up to a certain concentration of oxygen (i.e. O2/Ar ∼ 30/10), Ru metal film was deposited without any detectable RuO2 impurities. A higher deposition temperature and a higher ratio of O2/Ar will be beneficial to the growth of (0 0 2) orientation. They showed a low resistivity of about 10-20 μΩ cm, which is sufficiently low for them to be used as a buffer layer in superconductor tapes or electrode materials in dielectric capacitors.Department of Applied Physic
Study of solid-state reaction of CaCO3 and RuO2 and fabrication of pseudocubic epitaxial thin films by e-beam evaporation
No full textPure CaRuO3 powders were prepared from solid-state reaction using stoichiometric RuO2 (99.9%) and CaCO3 (99.99%) powders. The process of the reaction was investigated employing thermogravimetry analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA and DSC). The solid-state reaction rate increased when the compounds were heated in flowing air/oxygen, as it acted as a catalyst. The phase variations in samples heated at different temperatures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the alignments of the films studied by XRD-rocking curves and pole-figures. The microstructures of powders were measured by scanning electron microscopy. Biaxially textured CaRuO3 thin films were formed at 700°C by e-beam evaporation, and they showed strong (0 0 1) orientation on SrTiO 3 (1 0 0) substrates.Department of Applied Physic
Petrarctus jeppiaari Chan 2017, sp. nov.
No full textPetrarctus jeppiaari sp. nov. (Figs. 1; 2; 3A, C, E; 4A, C, E) Type material. HOlOtype: India, Jeppiaar fishing harbOr, MuttOm, Tamil Nadu, cOmmercial trawler, 18 Mar 2017, OVigerOus female 24.6 mm cl (ZSI/ WGRC /IR-INV). Paratypes: India, Jeppiaar fishing harbOr, MuttOm, Tamil Nadu, cOmmercial trawler, 21 Mar 2017, 1 male 24.3 mm cl, 4 OVigerOus females 22.8–26.2 mm cl, 5 females 14.5–19.2 mm cl (DABFUK/AR-ACH-1-10), 4 males 19.4–25.4 mm cl, 2 OVigerOus females 21.4 and 26.2 mm cl, 1 female 24.2 mm cl (DABFUK), 2 males 17.7–19.4 mm cl, 4 OVigerOus females 19.0– 25.5 mm cl, 1 female 21.0 mm cl (DABFUK). Description. BOdy irregularly rugOse and nOdulOse, almOst entirely cOVered with tubercles. ROstrum distinct and as a sharp tubercle. Pregastric tOOth absent, replaced by grOup Of tubercles. AnteriOr submedian ridge ending in large tubercle (Fig. 2A). Gastric tOOth high and Obtuse triangular (Fig. 3C), surface cOVered with flatten tubercles, pOsteriOr part accOmpanied with a curVed rOw Of 3 Or 4 tubercles alOng twO sides (Fig. 2A). Cardiac tOOth highly eleVated, larger than gastric tOOth and abOut 1.5 times higher than latter, tip blunt, pOsteriOr margin cOVered with 2 rOws Of 5 Or 6 tubercles that becOming mOre distinct pOsteriOrly, anteriOr part accOmpanied with rOw Of 2 large tubercles On each side. POsteriOr submedian ridge cOmpOsed Of 3 Or 4 tubercles in shOrt curVe rOw. AnteriOr and pOsteriOr branchial carinae separated widely by cerVical grOOVe and with 1 distinct tubercle in-between; anteriOr branchial carina terminating anteriOrly intO 2 sharp tubercles; tip Of pOsteriOr branchial carina as a distinct tOOth and fOllOwed by twO rOws Of 7 Or 8 distinct tubercles. ROw Of 2 Or 3 indistinct tubercles that sOmetimes fused intO carina present between pregastric tOOth and anteriOr branchial carina. 4 large intermediate tubercles present. Oblique rOw Of 2 sharp tubercles present between intermediate tubercles and pOsteriOr branchial carina. 2 Or 3 indistinct tubercles alsO present between intermediate tubercles and pOsteriOr submedian ridge. Lateral margin Of carapace with 4 Or 5 anterOlateral, 3 Or 4 mediOlateral and dOuble rOws Of 7 Or 8 pOsterOlateral teeth. 3 Or 4 larger tubercles present between pOsterOlateral margin and pOsteriOr branchial carina. POstOrbital carina with distinct tubercle. IntercerVical carina cOmpOsed Of 11 Or 12 tubercles. Marginal grOOVe alOng pOsteriOr margin Of carapace wide and mOderately deep; anteriOr margin as transVerse rOw Of distinct but unequal tubercles, with 2 submedian tubercles largest; pOsteriOr margin distinctly incised medially, densely cOVered with highly eleVated rOund tubercles that smaller than thOse On anteriOr margin (Fig. 2A). AnteriOr part Of thOracic sternum with anteriOr margin deeply U-shaped and bearing distinct medial incisiOn; medially brOadly sunken and sOmetimes with 1–3 indistinct median tubercles behind medial incisiOn; lateral bOrder sharply ridged and fOrming large tOOth anteriOrly. ThOracic sternites II–V each bearing median tubercle, weaker in females, that On sternite II sOmetimes eVen indistinct (Fig. 3E). AbdOmen with tergite I bearing sOme indistinct lOngitudinal shOrt carinae at median part, laterally cOVered with 3 Or 4 tubercles (Fig. 4A). Articulated parts Of tergites II–V smOOth and with pOsteriOr margins crenulated. NOn-articulated parts Of tergites II–V each with wide transVerse grOOVe and well-deVelOped median carina; median carina highly eleVated and hump like On tergites II–IV, hump lOwer On tergite II and that On tergite III Only slightly higher than that Of tergite IV (Fig. 4C); bOth sides Of transVerse grOOVe entirely cOVered with large tubercles that extending OntO pleura (Fig. 4C). POsteriOr margins Of tergites I and II distinctly incised medially while thOse Of tergites III tO V prOtruding medially as OVerhanging lObes. POsteriOr margin Of tergite VI distinctly serrated; with 3 large tubercles haVing 4 smaller but distinct tubercles in-between (Fig. 4E). PleurOn I shOrt; pleura II–V brOad and bearing tuberculated median carina as well as many distinct tubercles at pOsteriOr part, pOsteriOr margins crenulated. AnteriOr calcified part Of telsOn with 2 pairs Of tubercles. Antennal segment VI with anteriOr margin cut intO 6 lOng Obtuse teeth and 1 inner shOrt tOOth. Antennal segment IV with anteriOr margin haVing 6 Or 7 shOrt teeth, inner secOnd One largest; Outer margin with 3 Or mOre Often 4 larger teeth; dOrsal surface with strOng Oblique median carina, additiOnal weak carina cOmpOsed Of indistinct tubercles alsO present near Outer margin Of segment (Fig. 3A). PereiOpOd I shOrt and rObust, with dactylus glabrOus (Fig. 2B). Dactylus Of pereiOpOd II lOngest in all pereiOpOds (Fig. 2C), thOse Of pereiOpOds III and IV bearing shOrt pubescence On dOrsal surface. BOth dOrsal and Ventral margins On prOpOdi and meri Of pereiOpOds III and IV cOVered with lOng hairs, dense On pereiOpOd III (Fig. 2D) but fewer On pereiOpOd IV (Fig. 2E). PrOpOdus and carpus Of pereiOpOd V naked On dOrsal surface (Fig. 2F). Eggs small and numerOus, abOut 0.3–0.4 mm in diameter (nOt eyed). Coloration. BOdy including pereiOpOds generally brOwnish and mOttled with white Or yellOwish Orange markings, Ventral surface mOstly whitish. Eyes dark brOwn. Articulated part Of abdOminal tergite I yellOwish Orange and sOmewhat mOttled with Orange markings, median part with thin bright blue transVerse stripe alOng anteriOr margin fOllOwing by an inVerted triangular dark brOwn marking extending OntO nOn-articulated part (Figs. 1, 4A). AbdOminal sOmite V tO tail-fan mOstly whitish. Eggs yellOwish Orange. Distribution. At present knOwn Only frOm Off MuttOm, sOuthwestern cOast Of India, at depths Of abOut 150– 200 m. Etymology. The species is named after the fishing harbOr where this new species was discOVered. Jeppiaar alsO stands fOr Jesuadimai Pangu Raj, whO was a fisherman Of MuttOm whO became a pOlitician making great cOntributiOns tO the lOcal cOmmunities and he is the FOunder and ChancellOr Of the Sathyabama UniVersity, Chennai, India. Remarks. The present slipper lObster was Only discOVered in the bycatch Of trawlers Operating frOm Jeppiaar fishing harbOr in MuttOm, sOuthwest cOast Of India at depths Of 150– 200 m. HOweVer, this species has nOt yet been fOund in the Other nearby deep-sea fishing pOrts alOng the east cOast Of India, such as TuticOrin, nOr alOng the west cOast such as Neendakara and Sakthikulangara. MOrphOlOgically, this species clOsely resembles P. veliger in haVing a Very high cardiac tOOth and the abdOminal sOmites III and IV with dOrsal humps Of similar height (see Yang et al. 2008). HOweVer, its cOlOratiOn is different frOm P. veliger in that the articulated part Of the abdOminal tergite I lacks a large dark circular median spOt (Fig. 4B; Yang et al. 2014: fig. 6D, alsO see HOlthuis 2002). Instead, the articulated part Of the abdOminal tergite I in this species bears a thin bright blue stripe (Figs. 1, 4A) sOmewhat similar tO P. rugosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) and P. brevicornis (HOlthuis, 1946) (see Chan & Yu 1986, 1993; HOlthuis 2002). It shOuld be pOinted Out that all the preserVed specimens Of P. veliger examined in the present study bear a dark circular spOt On the abdOminal tergite I althOugh HOlthuis (2002) mentiOned that the hOlOtype, which was preserVed since 1963 lOst all its cOlOratiOn. The bright blue stripe On the abdOminal tergite I in this Indian fOrm faded quickly after preserVatiOn like in P. rugosus and P. brevicornis, with Only the dark cOlOred inVerted triangular spOt behind still remaining. AlthOugh the type lOcality Of P. veliger is in the Andaman Sea near India, a cOmparisOn Of P. jeppiaari sp. nov. with tOpOtypic material, paratypes and additiOnal P. veliger specimens frOm the Philippines and Taiwan (see HOlthuis 2002; Yang et al. 2014) reVealed seVeral mOrphOlOgical differences between the present Indian species and P. veliger. The mOst ObViOus differences are the height Of the cardiac tOOth, shape Of the anteriOr part Of the thOracic sternum and the deVelOpment Of abdOminal sculpture. The cardiac tOOth in the P. jeppiaari sp. nov. is generally blunt and Only slightly (abOut 1.5 times) higher than the gastric tOOth (Fig. 3C). In P. veliger, hOweVer, the cardiac tOOth is generally sharp and much (abOut 2 times) higher than the gastric tOOth (Fig. 3D, alsO see HOlthuis 2002: figs. 15B, 16B). The anteriOr part Of the thOracic sternum has the lateral ridges sharp in the P. jeppiaari sp. nov. (Fig. 3E) but flat and bearing a lOngitudinal furrOw (sOmetimes rather shallOw) in P. veliger (Fig. 3F). MOreOVer, there is Often a distinct median lOngitudinal carina present On the anteriOr part Of the thOracic sternum in P. veliger (Fig. 3F) but such a carina is represented by 1–3 tubercles in the P. jeppiaari sp. nov. (Fig. 3E). The abdOmen is entirely cOVered with well-deVelOped tubercles (Fig. 4C) and haVing the pOsteriOr margin Of tergite VI distinctly serrated (Fig. 4E) in P. jeppiaari sp. nov. In P. veliger, the tubercles behind the transVerse furrOw On each abdOminal sOmite are much less deVelOped than the tubercles befOre the transVerse furrOw and sOmetimes eVen indistinct fOr thOse at pOsteriOr sOmites (Fig. 4D; HOlthuis 2002: figs 15, 16). FurthermOre, the pOsteriOr margin Of the abdOminal tergite VI Only bears three large tubercles and withOut smaller tubercles in-between (Fig. 4F; HOlthuis 2002: fig. 15A). Further minOr differences are alsO ObserVed between P. jeppiaari sp. nov. and P. veliger. The rOund tubercles On the pOsteriOr bOrder Of the carapace are denser and mOre eleVated in P. jeppiaari sp. nov. (Fig. 4A) than in P. veliger (Fig. 4B). The teeth at the anteriOr margin Of antennal segment VI are Obtuse in P. jeppiaari sp. nov. (Fig. 3A) but narrOwer and sharper in P. veliger (Fig. 3B). The Outer margin Of antennal segment IV bears 3, Or mOre Often 4, larger teeth (fOurth tOOth if present always large) in P. jeppiaari sp. nov. (Fig. 3A), but Only 3 large teeth and an indistinct pOsteriOr tOOth in P. veliger (Fig. 3B; HOlthuis 2002: figs. 15A, 16A). AlthOugh mOlecular genetic analysis Of the barcOding gene COI shOws that the Indian species is sister tO P. veliger (Fig. 5A), the twO exhibit a high nucleOtide diVergence Of 8.2–9.7%, which is generally cOrrespOnds tO species-leVel differences in Other decapOd crustaceans (Chan et al. 2009; Malay & Paulay 2009; Lai et al. 2010). At this juncture, it is alsO impOrtant tO treat the taxOnOmy Of P. rugosus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), the type species Of Petrarctus HOlthuis, 2002. This species was described frOm POndicherry in sOutheastern India (H. Milne Edwards 1837), a site nOt far frOm MuttOm at the sOuthwestern tip Of India where P. jeppiaari sp. nov. was discOVered. The exact identity Of P. rugosus is prOblematic because the Original descriptiOn was relatiVely brief, nO figures were eVer prOVided and the type is lOst (see HOlthuis 1991). AdditiOnal searches in the Muséum natiOnal d’HistOire naturelle, Paris by One Of the authOrs (TYC) alsO failed tO find the material. HOlthuis (1946, 1991, 2002) was cOnfident Of the identity Of the species, haVing examined material identified tO this species frOm VariOus IndO-West Pacific lOcalities (but withOut specimen frOm India), and he treated Arctus tuberculatus Bate, 1888, as a juniOr subjectiVe synOnym Of P. rugosus. HOlthuis (1946) argued that Scyllarus rugosus H. Milne Edwards, 1837 belOngs tO Petrarctus by the abdOmen differing frOm mOst Scyllarus sensu latO Fabricius, 1775 in haVing deep transVerse furrOws and Obtuse median carina as H. Milne Edwards (1837: 283) stated that the: “AbdOmen prOfOndément sillOnné en traVers, et surmOnté d’une créte médiane Obtuse, qui fOrme sur le trOisiéme anneau une gibbOsité trèsmarquée.” Species Of Bathyarctus HOlthuis, 2002, hOweVer, alsO haVe these characters althOugh the median carina Of abdOminal sOmite III is lOwer than that Of sOmite IV (HOlthuis 2002); and H. Milne Edwards (1837) neVer described the cOnditiOn Of the median carinal armature On abdOminal sOmite IV—Only that the median carina On sOmite III was strOngly deVelOped. Bathyarctus has a differently structured anteriOr margin Of thOracic sternum frOm Petrarctus, but this character was nOt mentiOned by H. Milne Edwards (1837). Within Petrarctus, the Original descriptiOn Of P. rugosus (H. Milne Edwards 1837: 283) alsO stated that there are fOur teeth On the Outer margin Of the antennal segment IV: “Quatre dents sur le bOrd externe du pénultième article des antennes externes (celle qui Occupe l’angle antérieur nOn cOmprise).” This differentiates it frOm P. demani (HOlthuis, 1946) and P. brevicornis but is a character still shared with P. tuberculatus, P. holthuisi Yang, Chen & Chan, 2008, P. veliger and P. jeppiaari sp. nov. (as well as in sOme species Of Bathyarctus). The median hump On abdOminal sOmite III is nOt particularly higher than that Of the abdOminal sOmite IV in bOth P. veliger and P. jeppiaari sp. nov., and therefOre, highly likely that the present fOrm dOes nOt belOng tO H. Milne Edwards’ (1837) species which appears tO haVe the median hump at the abdOminal sOmite III mOst prOminent. AlthOugh P. rugosus has an Indian type lOcality, there are nO illustrated Or detailed taxOnOmic repOrts On any Indian material Of this species, except fOr its suppOsed larVae (Kumar et al. 2009). NeVertheless, the COI sequence (JQ229889) Of a P. rugosus specimen frOm Chennai (Jeena et al. 2016, whO alsO mentiOned that the species is cOmmOn there) Off the eastern cOast Of India and near tO POndicherry, matches well (98.5–98.8% sequence similarity) with material frOm Taiwan and IndOnesia currently assigned tO P. rugosus (Fig. 5). AlthOugh HOlthuis (1946, 1991, 2002) was cOnfident abOut identifying his material frOm Indian and Pacific Oceans with H. Milne Edwards’ (1837) specimen Of P. rugosus, we are less certain. As discussed earlier, there are nOw six species in Petrarctus and anOther six species in Bathyarctus, and sOme Of them are separated frOm P. rugosus sensu strictO by characters that were nOt characterized by H. Milne Edwards (1837; like the relatiVe height Of the median carina On abdOminal sOmite IV); and the shape Of the anteriOr margin Of the thOracic sternum is nOt knOwn (sO it may eVen be a species Of Bathyarctus). TO stabilize the taxOnOmy Of Petrarctus HOlthuis, 2002, and tO ensure that the identity Of the type species remains as defined by HOlthuis (1946, 1991, 2002), we here designate a female specimen (19.9 mm cl) (CASAU) recently cOllected frOm Pazhayar fishing pOrt, 11°21’30.28”N, 79°49’39.83”E, Tamil Nadu On 15 Jul 2017, as the neOtype Of Scyllarus rugosus H. Milne Edwards, 1837. This lOcatiOn is just sOuth Of the Original type lOcality in POndicherry, and the specimen fits well the current mOrphOlOgical cOncept Of P. rugosus, has a cOlOr pattern (Fig. 5B) that agrees with what is nOw recOgnized fOr the species and has 99.2% sequence similarity (MF669474) tO the Chennai material (Fig. 5A).Published as part of Chan, Tin-Yam, 2017, A new slipper lobster of the genus Petrarctus Holthuis, 2002 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Scyllaridae) from Southwest coast of India, pp. 477-486 in Zootaxa 4329 (5) on pages 478-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4329.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/101008
Structural and electrical characteristics of highly textured oxidation-free Ru thin films by DC magnetron sputtering
No full textTextured Ru thin films (∼120 nm) were deposited on Si and rolling-assisted biaxially textured Ni substrates by a DC magnetron sputtering technique with a two-step process. The biaxially textured pure Ni substrates with a thickness of 80 μm were fabricated by rolling followed by recrystallization. The alignments and the crystallinity of Ru films were analyzed by pole figures, as well as X-ray diffraction (θ - 2θ) analysis. The highly (0 0 2) oriented Ru films were fabricated on Si substrates, and four-fold symmetric Ru films on Ni(2 0 0) substrates. The resistivities of pure metallic Ru films were 20-80 μΩ cm for Ru on Si and 16-40 μΩ cm on Ni, respectively, which is sufficiently low to be used as a buffer layer in superconductor tapes or electrode materials in capacitor dielectrics.Department of Applied Physic
Paramunida akaina Cabezas & Chan 2014, new species
No full textParamunida akaina, new species (Fig. 1) Material examined. Holotype: AURORA 2007, Philippines, ovigerous female (CL 5.7 mm) (NMCR), station CP2667, 15°56'N, 121°47'E, 292–307 m, 21 May 2007. — Paratypes: PANGLAO 2004, Philippines, 1 male (CL 6.0 mm), 1 female (CL 5.4 mm), 1 ovigerous female (CL 6.7 mm) (NTOU A01411), station L42, 9°31.2'N, 123°40.7'E, 80–90 m, 2 July 2004. — 1 male (CL 6.1 mm), 4 females (CL 6.7–7.7 mm), 2 ovigerous females (CL 6.5–7.1 mm) (NTOU A01412), station T37, 9°28.2'N, 123°50.7'E, 134–190 m, 04 July 2004. — AURORA 2007, Philippines, 4 males (CL 5.2–6.4 mm), 1 female (CL 6.5 mm), 10 ovigerous females (CL 5.6–6.8 mm) (NTOU A01413), station CP2667, 15°56'N, 121°47'E, 292–307 m, 21 May 2007. Description. Carapace: As long as broad. Dorsal surface covered with numerous spinules; with few short simple setae. Epigastric region with two spines, each behind supraocular spine; without median row of spinules behind rostral spine. Mesogastric region with one well-developed spine usually merged with a smaller spine. Anterior branch of cervical groove with short setae. Cervical groove distinct. Cardiac and anterior branchial regions slightly circumscribed. Cardiac region with a median row of three well-developed spines, first thicker than others. Each branchial region with row of spines near cardiac region. Frontal margin slightly concave. Lateral margins convex, with some spines and iridescent setae on anterior half. Anterolateral spine well developed, exceeding sinus between rostral and supraocular spines. Rostral spine spiniform, with thin dorsal longitudinal carina; supraocular spines well developed, shorter and slightly slender than rostral spine; margin between rostral and supraocular spines slightly concave (Fig. 1A, B). Sternum: Thoracic sternite 4 with few arcuate striae; sternites 5–7 smooth (Fig. 1C). Abdomen: Abdominal somites 2–3 each with four welldeveloped spines on anterior ridge, posterior ridge with two median spines. Abdominal somite 4 with four spines on anterior ridge; posterior ridge without distinct single median spine. Ridges with numerous spinules and a few small spines (Fig. 1A). Eyes: Maximum corneal diameter about one-third distance between bases of anterolateral spines. Antennule: Article 1 exceeding corneae, with distomesial spine small and slightly shorter than distolateral; about twice longer than wide and with fringe of long setae along lateral margin; lateral margin with straight (distal) portion clearly shorter than convex (proximal) portion (Fig. 1D). Antenna: Anterior prolongation of article 1 clearly overreaching antennular peduncle by about one-sixth of its length. Article 2 about 2.5 times length of article 3 and 2.5 times longer than wide, ventral surface with scales; distomesial spine slightly mucronated, exceeding antennal peduncle and without tuff of setae, overreaching mid-length of anterior prolongation of article 1, and far from distal end of antennular article 1, distolateral spine not reaching end of article 3; article 3 about 1.5 times longer than wide and unarmed (Fig. 1D). Maxilliped 3: Ischium about 1.6 times length of merus measured along extensor margin, flexor margin bearing long distal spine; merus with well-developed median spine on flexor margin; extensor margin unarmed (Fig. 1E). Pereopod 1: Long and slender, squamate, between 3.1–3.2 times carapace length; carpus about as long as palm, and 11.1–11.3 times longer than height; palm 1.4–1.5 times fingers length. Base of carpus without bundle of setae (Fig. 1F). Pereopods 2–4: Long and slender, with scales on lateral sides of meri, carpi and propodi; scales with short setae. P2 2.5–2.9 times carapace length, merus 1.1–1.2 times longer than carapace, about 14–15 times as long as height, 4.3–4.4 times as long as carpus and 1.6–1.7 times as long as propodus; propodus about 14–15 times as long as height, and 1.1 times dactylus length. Merus with well-developed spines on extensor border, increasing in size distally, flexor margin with few spines and one well-developed distal spine; bearing row of small spines along flexolateral margin. Carpus with few small extensor spines, bearing small distal spine on extensor and distal margins. Propodus with small movable flexor spines. Dactylus compressed, slightly curved, with longitudinal carinae along mesial and lateral sides, flexor border unarmed. End of P2 carpus not reaching end of P1 merus. P3 with similar spination and article proportions as P2; merus slightly longer than P2 merus; propodus and dactylus longer than those of P2. P4 about as long as P2; merus as long as carapace length; propodus and dactylus as long as those of P3; merocarpal articulation clearly exceeding end of anterior prolongation of article 1 of antennal peduncle (Fig. 1 G–I). Remarks. Paramunida akaina, new species, belongs to the group of species with the rostral spine larger than supraocular spines, distomesial spine of antennal article 2 mucronated and mesogastric region with one or two spines. The new species is morphologically closely related to P. belone Macpherson, 1993, but they can be easily distinguished by the following characters: - The distomesial spine of the antennal article 2 overreaches the antennular peduncle in P. belone, but is far from distal the end of antennular peduncle in P. akaina, new species. - The distolateral spine of the antennal article 2 not reaching end of article 3 in the new species, instead of overreaching article 3 as in P. belone. The genetic divergence between P. akaina, new species, and P. belone are in the range of 9.6–10.4% for the ND1 and between 4.6–5.5% % for the 16S. The new species is also very similar to P. spica Cabezas, Macpherson & Machordom, 2010; however, both species chiefly differs in the number of mesogastric spines (three in P. spica versus one in P. akaina, new species). The article 3 of the antenna is nearly twice longer than wide in P. spica, but only 1.5 times longer than wide in the new species. The genetic divergence between P. akaina, new species, and P. spica are in the range of 9.6–10.1% for the ND1 and between 5.5–5.9% for the 16S. Paramunida akaina, new species, can be also allied with P. antipodes Ahyong & Poore, 2004, but the distomesial spine of the antennal article 2 clearly overreaches antennal peduncle in the new species, but never reaches it in P. antipodes. No molecular data are available for P. antipodes. Colour. Not known. Etymology. From the Greek “akaina”, which means thorn or spine, in reference to the spine merged to the welldeveloped mesogastric spine. The name is considered as a noun in apposition. Distribution. Philippines, between 80–307 m depth.Published as part of Cabezas, Patricia & Chan, Tin-Yam, 2014, Deep-sea squat lobsters of the genus Paramunida Baba, 1988 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Munididae) from the Philippines Panglao 2004, Panglao 2005 and Aurora 2007 expeditions, with the description of three new species, pp. 302-316 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 62 on pages 304-306, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.450223
FIGURE 2 in New records of the rare pandalid shrimp Plesionika exigua (Rathbun, 1906) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) in the western Pacific
No full textFIGURE 2. Plesionika exigua (Rathbun, 1906), Kume Island, Japan, KUMEJIMA, stn T 73, male cl 4.1 mm (NTOU M02026).Published as part of Chan, Tin-Yam, 2016, New records of the rare pandalid shrimp Plesionika exigua (Rathbun, 1906) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) in the western Pacific, pp. 97-100 in Zootaxa 4205 (1) on page 100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4205.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/19257
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