305,504 research outputs found
The relocation decisions of small displaced firms
No full textThis thesis is concerned with the locational behaviour of small firms, and considers the way in which 98 manufacturing, storage and repair businesses in Leeds responded to the problem of being displaced by road-building programmes. The study includes both the pre- and postmove phases of their relocation decisions, and examines the firms' location and accommodation preferences, their search and property selection behaviour, and their post-move assessments of the effects of being displaced. Special attention has been given to the conceptual and planning implications of the survey's results.In most firms the relocation decision process was the responsibility of one individual, usually the owner-manager, and the approach was informal and intuitive, with a reliance on personal judgementt and experience, rather than on painstaking surveys and analysis. The divergence of the firms' behaviour from the ~economic-man~ ideal was, however, less the result of negligence than of the decision-makers' limited time and management resources. Although the decision methods were not rigorous, they nonetheless produced generally satisfactory results. The discontinuance rate was low, more firms experienced increased than decreased profits as a result of their move, and the effects of displacement were on the whole beneficial. (except among the very smallest firms). Although there was clearly scope for improvement in compensation practice and in local authority planning procedures, the results demonstrated that compulsory displacement can bring opportunities as well as problems.</p
Experimental and theoretical studies of molecular transition moments
No full textSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D36636/81 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
Trade liberalisation, market structure and the incentive to merge
No full textIn this paper we consider whether a movement towards freer international
trade generates incentives for firms to merge and if so what forms of merger
are most profitable. In a linear Cournot framework we show that a reduction
in trade costs may, but will not necessarily, encourage mergers. Both market
structure and the level to which trade costs fall are shown to play a decisive
role. Domestic mergers will be encouraged only if the product market is not
highly concentrated and trade costs fall below a threshold level. International
mergers can be encouraged in any market structure, and are generally more
profitable than domestic mergers
Covalent modification of enzymes by chloromethylketone derivatives of fatty acids
No full textThe work developed the synthesis of chloromethylketone fatty acid derivatives (Cl.CH2.CO.(CH2)n 000H]. Synthetic methods were developed for synthesis of these compounds with 2-8 methylene groups. Additional synthetic reactions are described for the synthesis of non-hydrolysable CoA esters, spin-label derivatives and iodo-ketones. Initially the reaction of S-chloro-4-oxopentanoic acid with rabbit muscle pyruvate kinase was studied. Pyruvate kinase was irreversibly inactivated with a pKa of 9.2. Inhibition was time and concentration dependent (Kr, 0.54 min-l; KI, 9.3 mM; n, 1.5 ± 0.2). Active site ligands prevented inhibition and their effectiveness was in the order Mg2+> phosphoenolpyruvate >ATP >> ADP > pyruvate. 5-Chloro-4-oxo-[3,5-'H] pentanoic acid was covalently bound to pyruvate kinase and demonstrated a stoichiometry of 1 mol of inhibitor bound per mol of pyruvate kinase subunit. The incorporation of inhibitor and the loss of enzyme activity was proportional. 4-Hydroxypentanoic acid alanine thioether was synthesised and identified as the modified amino acid formed by reacting pyruvate kinase with S-chloro4-oxo-(3,S-3H1 pentanoic acid. Performic acid oxidation of the labelled enzyme gave [(H] succinate (67%) and [3H] carboxymethylcysteine (33%) as predicted for the products of the Baeyer-Villiger reaction. NaBH4 reduction followed by periodate oxidation and analysis of radioactive formaldehyde production provided a convenient method for distinguishing between thiol and amino alkylation by halogenomethyl ketones. Chloromethylketone fatty acids were covalent inhibitors of pig heart acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase. The KI decreased by approximately 20 fold for each pair of methylenes added to the inhibitor chain length showing that the inhibitor initially bound to a non-polar region of the protein. This region may be at the active site since acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl CoA protected against inhibition. The inhibitor modified a thiol group on the enzyme since inactivation of the enzyme was prevented by reversible thiolmethylation of the active site thiol. Evidence was obtained that the enzyme active site thiol was particularly active.</p
International trade and the incentive for merger
No full textThis paper examines the profitability of horizontal merger in an open economy. We fnd that duopoly is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for domestic merger to be profitable. A cross-border merger, however, can be profitable from any market structure
Learning and asymmetric business cycles
No full textIt is known that a variety of economic time series exhibit asymmetry in the sense that the arrival of a recession is prompt, while the recovery from a recession appears protracted. This paper provides an explanation for the asymmetric movement of economic time series over business cycles by considering learning and information aggregation, given risk aversion on the part of economic agents. A model is constructed in which the underlying state of nature changes according to a symmetric first-order Markov process. Risk-averse agents make capital utilization choices which partially reveal their private information on the underlying state of nature. Risk aversion prevents them from acting promptly on receiving good news, while it encourages them to act quickly on receiving bad news. When this cautious response at the individual level is combined with aggregate noise, an economy-wide asymmetric time series is generated. A numerical simulation is carried out to derive the empirical distribution of movements of such a time series.Journal of Economic LiteratureClassification Numbers: D83, E32, E37
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