196,444 research outputs found
Termitodius chaki Reyes-Castillo and Martinez
No full textTermitodius chaki Reyes-Castillo and Martínez Figures 5–6 Termitodius chaki Reyes-Castillo and Martínez 1979: 125–128 (Mexico). Chalumeau 1981: 13, 16; Dellacasa 1988: 34, 267, 426; Dellacasa 1989: 301; Galante et al. 2003: 309; Howden 2003: 393; Skelley 2007: 8. Diagnosis. A species of Termitodius with the pronotal paramedian costa having the anterior lobe elongate in dorsal view and anteriorly sloping in lateral view (Fig. 5–6), posterior part of discolateral pronotal costa absent medially, elytra intercostal areas entirely with transverse wrinkles, the nearly globe-like caudal bulbs on the elytra, and in distribution (Mexico and Guatemala). Type. Holotype male and allotype female: “ México: Lacanjá-Chansayab, Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, 25-I-1977, P. Reyes, col., in nido de Coptotermes af. testaceus (Lin.), selva alta perennefolia, alt. 350m. ” Reyes-Castillo and Martínez (1979) state the holotype is deposited in the collection of P. Reyes, now deposited in IEXA (not examined). Materials examined. MEXICO: Chiapas: Lacania-Chansayab, 28-I-1977, P. Reyes-C. Col. selva alta perennifolia, alt. 350 m, en Hormiguero de Coptotermes (6 paratypes CMNC from Howden and Martínez collections; 1 paratype CEMT; 1 paratype FSCA). GUATEMALA: Suchitepéquez: Patulul, Los Tarrales Private Reserve; 1000m; 14°31.942′, −91°08.799′; w/termites under bark; 8.VII.2009; M.J. Paulsen (1 UNSM). Distribution. Termitodius chaki is distributed in the Mexican transition zone at the Chiapas Highlands province, and in the Veracruzan province of the Mesoamerican dominion of the Brazilian subregion (Fig. 33). Comments. “ Termitodius chaki R&M” illustrated in Galante et al. (2003) is not a Termitodius, it is a new species of Nanotermitodius Howden, 2003, that is currently being described. This Oaxacan record needs to be removed.Published as part of Skelley, Paul E., Clavijo-Bustos, Julian & Keller, Oliver, 2022, Extinct or extant? A new species of Termitodius Wasmann, 1894, (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae: Rhyparini) with a short review of the genus, pp. 1-14 in Insecta Mundi 2022 (915) on page 5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.639193
CARO: A Conflict-Aware Requirement Ordering Tool for DevOps
No full textRequirement prioritization is an inherently important step in the DevOps framework. Unfortunately, the prioritization process often disregards the non-functional requirements and the possible conflicts among them. This implies that unresolved dependencies and conflicts would be identified at integration time only, which may lead to major refactoring issues. We introduce CARO a new tool that generates an ordering among the requirements based on conflicts and dependencies among the requirements. The tool provides a quantitative risk evaluation framework along with risk mitigation strategies based on conflicts and dependencies among the requirements
NFR-aware prioritization of software requirements
No full textNon-functional requirements (NFRs) play a significant role in the software development process. However, the classical requirement prioritization methods for incremental software development, typically, consider the attributes of functional features only, often neglecting the non-functional constraints. This might lead to catastrophic defects in the system design, as the conflicts among the NFRs are ignored. In this paper, a novel prioritization approach for functional requirements (FRs) is introduced within the incremental software development process. The proposed approach considers the conflicts among NFRs, in the prioritization process, to minimize the incon sistencies of software development. The devised NFR-aware prioritization algorithm can be tuned according to the weights that the analyst assigns to NFR conflicts and FR-NFR dependencies. We have assessed our prioritization approach using available requirements data sets and have compared the results in different scenarios
Dynamic Prioritization of Software Requirements for Incremental Software Development
No full textRequirements keep changing within an evolving business environment. In incremental software development, where functionalities are identified and delivered incrementally, a need is felt toward capturing and analyzing the impact of the changes in the system development process. This may require refactoring the order of the development of the system components based on newly added dependencies and conflicts among functional and non-functional requirements. In this paper, we propose a dynamic framework that re-prioritizes the requirements based on newly added (and updated) requirement dependencies and conflicts. We also provide an effective tool for our framework that supports software developers during incremental delivery within a changing business environment
Requirement-oriented risk management for incremental software development
No full textIn incremental software development (ISD) functionalities are delivered incrementally and requirements keep on evolving across iterations. The requirements evolution involves the addition of new dependencies and conflicts among functional and non-functional requirements along with changes in priorities and dependency weights. This, in turn, demands refactoring the order of development of system components to minimize the impact of these changes. Neglecting the non-functional constraints in the software development process exposes it to risks that may accumulate across several iterations. In this research work, we propose a risk management framework for ISD processes that provides an estimate of risk exposure for the project when functional features are frozen while ignoring the associations with non-functional requirements. Our framework proposes suitable risk reduction strategies that work in tandem with the risk assessment module. We also provide a tool interface for our risk management framework
SCARS: Suturing wounds due to conflicts between non-functional requirements in autonomous and robotic systems
No full textIn autonomous and robotic systems, the functional requirements (FRs) and non-functional requirements (NFRs) are gathered from multiple stakeholders. The different stakeholder requirements are associated with different components of the robotic system and with the contexts in which the system may operate. This aggregation of requirements from different sources (multiple stakeholders) often results in inconsistent or conflicting sets of requirements. Conflicts among NFRs for robotic systems heavily depend on features of actual execution contexts. It is essential to analyze the inconsistencies and conflicts among the requirements in the early planning phase to design the robotic systems in a systematic manner. In this work, we design and experimentally evaluate a framework, called SCARS, providing: (a) a domain-specific language extending the ROS2 Domain Specific Language (DSL) concepts by considering the different environmental contexts in which the system has to operate, (b) support to analyze their impact on NFRs, and (c) the computation of the optimal degree of NFR satisfaction that can be achieved within different system configurations. The effectiveness of SCARS has been validated on the iRobot (Formula presented.) Create (Formula presented.) 3 robot using Gazebo simulation
Correlating contexts and NFR conflicts from event logs
No full textIn the design of autonomous systems, it is important to consider the preferences of the interested parties to improve the user experience. These preferences are often associated with the contexts in which each system is likely to operate. The operational behavior of a system must also meet various non-functional requirements (NFRs), which can present different levels of conflict depending on the operational context. This work aims to model correlations between the individual contexts and the consequent conflicts between NFRs. The proposed approach is based on analyzing the system event logs, tracing them back to the leaf elements at the specification level and providing a contextual explanation of the system’s behavior. The traced contexts and NFR conflicts are then mined to produce Context-Context and Context-NFR conflict sequential rules. The proposed Contextual Explainability (ConE) framework uses BERT-based pre-trained language models and sequential rule mining libraries for deriving the above correlations. Extensive evaluations are performed to compare the existing state-of-the-art approaches. The best-fit solutions are chosen to integrate within the ConE framework. Based on experiments, an accuracy of 80%, a precision of 90%, a recall of 97%, and an F1-score of 88% are recorded for the ConE framework on the sequential rules that were mined
Surface and interfacial anti-plane waves in micropolar solids with surface energy
No full textIn this work, the propagation behaviour of a surface wave in a micropolar elastic half-space with surface strain and kinetic energies localized at the surface and the propagation behaviour of an interfacial anti-plane wave between two micropolar elastic half-spaces with interfacial strain and kinetic energies localized at the interface have been studied. The Gurtin–Murdoch model has been adopted for surface and interfacial elasticity. Dispersion equations for both models have been obtained in algebraic form for two types of anti-plane wave, i.e. a Love-type wave and a new type of surface wave (due to micropolarity). The angular frequency and phase velocity of anti-plane waves have been analysed through a numerical study within cut-off frequencies. The obtained results may find suitable applications in thin film technology, non-destructive analysis or biomechanics, where the models discussed here may serve as theoretical frameworks for similar types of phenomena
Eliciting context-oriented NFR constraints and conflicts in robotic systems
No full textNon-functional requirement (NFR) conflicts pose a serious threat to any system, especially robotic systems, where identifying conflicts prior to system deployment is crucial and can highly depend on different contexts, in relation to different environmental conditions. The objective of this work is to provide a simulation-based approach for the identification of NFR conflicts in different contexts for such systems. The identified conflicts can help the system designer minimize the impact and avoid failures resulting from the negligence of NFR conflicts. The simulation results are useful to infer and evaluate the different conflicts between NFRs and to study the impact of different contexts on the requirements themselves. The adopted methodology is easily reproducible in different development scenarios
Generation of Safety and Liveness Complaint Automata from Goal Model Specifications
No full textOne of the main limitations of the goal model approach to formal requirement specification is the lack of representation of temporal constraints. Existing works in this domain have transformed goal models into state machines with the only motive of model checking them against temporal properties. The generated state machines could contain invalid state sequences that violate some property. In this paper, we aim to go one step further and generate a Kripke Transition System which is compliant with respect to a given set of temporal properties. We introduce the Safety and Liveness Compliance (SLC) framework which incorporates a compliance assurance mechanism within the model transformation process itself. This assurance mechanism ensures that the generated Kripke Transition System does not generate any counter-examples when checked against the predefined safety and liveness properties. We also present a qualitative comparison of our proposed SLC framework with the other related works
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