60 research outputs found
Prawatsat Ayutthaya rang phu khon
No full textThe author points out that the conservation and restoration of Ayutthaya's historic sites would be far from perfect if it does not pay attention to the history of vernacular people who once lived in this former capital city of Thailand
Performance Analysis of ALOHA Framework under Limited Access of Data Transmission for Active RFID System
No full textAbstractThe data collision of multiple tags to access the channel is one of the most problems in active Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The technique of random tag is based on William Feller equation by considering the successful probability (Psuc) may affect to increase the data collision if the tag is not limited the privilege. This paper proposes the modification of William Feller equation by dividing the privilege of tags into several groups. The results show that our scheme can provide the better performances as comparing with William Feller equation in term of successful probability. The maximum average of successful probability is more than 0.97
Transcriptome changes of liver fluke
No full textA recent study in hamsters showed that infection with the liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini in diabetic hosts worsens the severity of hepatobiliary disease. However, the effects of diabetes on the worm’s phenotype and gene expression pattern remain unknown. This study investigated the impact of diabetes on the global gene expression and development of O. viverrini in diabetic hamsters. Parasitological parameters were assessed, and mRNA sequencing with bioinformatic analysis was performed. The study revealed that worm establishment rates in diabetic hamsters were directly correlated with fasting plasma glucose levels. Interestingly, worms collected from diabetic hosts exhibited stunted growth and reduced egg production. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant alterations in gene expression, with 4314 and 567 differentially expressed genes at 21- and 35-days post-infection, respectively. Gene ontology enrichment analysis highlighted changes in biological processes related to stress response, metabolism, and cellular organization. Notably, genes associated with parasite virulence, including granulin, tetraspanins, and thioredoxins, showed significant upregulation in diabetic hosts. These findings demonstrate the profound impact of host diabetic status on O. viverrini development and gene expression, providing insights into the complex interplay between host metabolism and parasite biology, including molecular adaptations of O. viverrini in hosts. This study contributes to our understanding of opisthorchiasis in the context of metabolic disorders and may inform future strategies for disease management in diabetic human populations
Melatonin attenuates Helicobacter pylori-mediated cholangiocarcinoma-associated fibroblast activation via modulating integrin/FAK signaling pathway
No full textAbstract The interaction of Helicobacter pylori with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to promote cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) genesis is unclear. We aimed to demonstrate the effect and mechanism of H. pylori on function of CAFs in vitro as well as the role of melatonin as an anti-fibrotic agent capable of modulating CAFs. CAF cells were generated by co-culture of human fibroblasts (OUMS cell line) with O. viverrini-associated CCA cells (KKU-100 cell line). In the presence of H. pylori lysate, these CAF cells exhibited increased proliferation and migration. The interaction of CAFs and H. pylori lysate also promoted KKU-100 cell migration. Proteomic analysis revealed that the fibrosis-associated integrin signaling pathway was enriched in CAFs stimulated by H. pylori lysate. Expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a molecule that plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and migration and known to be a downstream target of integrin, was upregulated in CAFs exposed to H. pylori lysate. Interestingly, melatonin treatment significantly attenuated both proliferation and migration of CAFs by reducing FAK phosphorylation and its downstream PI3K and β-catenin. These results suggest that H. pylori promotes proliferation and migration of CAFs cells and possibly fibrosis via the integrin/FAK signaling pathway, which could be attenuated by melatonin treatment
Minimally invasive detection of early-stage opisthorchiasis-associated cholangiocarcinoma using label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of hamster serum.
No full textBackgroundCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deadly cancer often detected late. Current diagnostic methods, such as ultrasound and invasive biopsies, have limitations; there is a critical need for a rapid, minimally invasive and effective strategy for the early diagnosis and staging of CCA.MethodsWe aimed to address this need using serum samples and label-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with machine learning. CCA development was induced in hamsters using a combination of Opisthorchis viverrini infection and administration of N-nitrosodimethylamine, with induction time courses spanning 1-5 month(s). Normal and pathological stages (inflammation, precancerous lesion, and CCA) were assigned based on histopathological features, as well as the expression of cytokeratin 19 and alpha-fetoprotein. Raman spectra were subjected to dimensionality reduction using principal component analysis, and diagnostic clusters were acquired using partial least-squares discriminant analysis.ResultsHistopathological analysis confirmed a clear path towards CCA, initiated by marked inflammation, progressing to include significant cholangiofibrosis and cholangiofibroma in the precancerous stage, and culminating in definitive CCA tumor development. The integration of SERS and machine learning achieved a diagnostic sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 95%, and accuracy of ≥ 67% for precancerous lesions and CCA, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve exceeding 0.67.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that this cost-effective, label-free SERS approach can accurately detect precancerous and cancerous stages of cholangiocarcinoma in a hamster model, highlighting its strong potential for future development as a community-based screening tool
Strongyloides stercoralis infection reduces Fusicatenibacter and Anaerostipes in the gut and increases bacterial amino-acid metabolism in early-stage chronic kidney disease
No full textUnderstanding gut bacterial composition and proteome changes in patients with early-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) could lead to better methods of controlling the disease progression. Here, we investigated the gut microbiome and microbial functions in patients with S. stercoralis infection (strongyloidiasis) and early-stage CKD. Thirty-five patients with early stages (1–3) of CKD were placed in two groups matched for population characteristics and biochemical parameters, 12 patients with strongyloidiasis in one group and 23 uninfected patients in the other. From every individual, a sample of their feces was obtained and processed for 16S rRNA sequencing and metaproteomic analysis using tandem liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Strongyloides stercoralis infection per se did not significantly alter gut microbial diversity. However, certain genera (Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Sarcina, and Anaerostipes) were significantly more abundant in infection-free CKD patients than in infected individuals. The genera Peptoclostridium and Catenibacterium were enriched in infected patients. Among the significantly altered genera, Fusicatenibacter and Anaerostipes were the most correlated with renal parameters. The relative abundance of members of the genus Fusicatenibacter was moderately positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r = 0.335, p = 0.049) and negatively with serum creatinine (r = −0.35, p = 0.039). Anaerostipes, on the other hand, showed a near-significant positive correlation with eGFR (r = 0.296, p = 0.084). Individuals with S. stercoralis infection had higher levels of bacterial proteins involved in amino-acid metabolism. Analysis using STITCH predicted that bacterial amino-acid metabolism may also be involved in the production of colon-derived uremic toxin (indole), a toxic substance known to promote CKD. Strongyloides stercoralis infection is, therefore, associated with reduced abundance of Fusicatenibacter and Anaerostipes (two genera possibly beneficial for kidney function) and with increased bacterial amino-acid metabolism in the early-stages of CKD, potentially producing uremic toxin. This study provides useful information for prevention of progression of CKD beyond the early stages
Correction: Association of Strongyloides stercoralis infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus in northeastern Thailand: Impact on diabetic complication-related renal biochemical parameters.
No full text[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269080.]
Co-occurrence of opisthorchiasis and diabetes exacerbates morbidity of the hepatobiliary tract disease.
No full textComplications arising from infection with the carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini cause substantial morbidity and mortality in Thailand and adjacent lower Mekong countries. In parallel, the incidence rate of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing in this same region, and indeed worldwide. Many residents in opisthorchiasis-endemic regions also exhibit DM, but the hepatobiliary disease arising during the co-occurrence of these two conditions remains to be characterized. Here, the histopathological profile during co-occurrence of opisthorchiasis and DM was investigated in a rodent model of human opisthorchiasis in which diabetes was induced with streptozotocin. The effects of excretory/secretory products from the liver fluke, O. viverrini (OVES) on hepatocyte and cholangiocyte responses during hyperglycemic conditions also were monitored. Both the liver fluke-infected hamsters (OV group) and hamsters with DM lost weight compared to control hamsters. Weight loss was even more marked in the hamsters with both opisthorchiasis and DM (OD group). Hypertrophy of hepatocytes, altered biliary canaliculi, and biliary hyperplasia were more prominent in the OD group, compared with OV and DM groups. Profound oxidative DNA damage, evidenced by 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and periductal fibrosis characterized the OD compared to OV and DM hamsters. Upregulation of expression of cytokines in response to infection and impairment of the pathway for insulin receptor substrate (IRS)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling attended these changes. In vitro, OVES and glucose provoked time- and dose-dependent effects on the proliferation of both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. In overview, the co-occurrence of opisthorchiasis and diabetes exacerbated pathophysiological damage to the hepatobiliary tract. We speculate that opisthorchiasis and diabetes together aggravate hepatobiliary pathogenesis through an IRS/PI3K/AKT-independent pathway
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