1,721,080 research outputs found
Return to work after maternity leave: the role of support policies on work attitudes of women in management positions
Full text linkPurpose. This study is intended to expand our knowledge on the processes through which work-family policies relate to work-family conflict as well as work-related attitudes among women in management positions returning to work after maternity leave. Design. Two-hundred and thirty-eight women in management positions who recently have returned to work after maternity leave completed a self-report questionnaire. Findings. Results show that the availability of policies was either directly or indirectly positively related to work attitudes among female managers. Also, findings show that work-family conflict partially mediates the relationship between the availability of communication and psychological support and flexible time management policies with work engagement, and policy availability moderates the relationship between work-family conflict and work engagement. Originality/value. Managers have a crucial role in conveying the value of work-family policies and in creating a culture supporting the management of work and family. By investigating the processes underlying the role of work-family policies in influencing work attitudes of women in managerial positions, this study sheds light on how the awareness of the available policies might be an important determinant of work-related well-being and organizational commitment
Cross-cultural validation and measurement invariance of the Short Grit scale (Grit-S): preliminary results.
Full text linkPreliminary results of a cross-cultural validation of the Grit -
Adverse event reporting with immune checkpoint inhibitors in older patients: Age subgroup disproportionality analysis in vigibase
Full text linkOlder patients represent a subpopulation of concern for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) toxicity because of changes in the aging immune system and the potentially relevant clinical implications for their quality of life. Current evidence on ICI safety in older patients is conflicting. This study aimed to assess whether older patient age was a risk factor for increased reporting with ICIs as compared to other antineoplastic drugs in VigiBase, the World Health Organization database of suspected adverse drug reactions. Disproportionality analyses computing the reporting odds ratios (RORs) were performed by age subgroups (<18 years, 18–64 years, 65–74 years, 75–84 years and ≥85 years). There were not signals of disproportionate reporting with ICIs specifically detected in older patient age subgroups (≥65 years), which were not present in the disproportionality analysis over the entire dataset. A signal of disproportionate reporting with ICIs emerged for eye disorders only in the age subgroup 18–64 years (ROR 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.05–1.23). These findings showed that adverse event reporting with ICIs in older patients was comparable to that in the overall patient cohort and prompt for the further investigation of eye disorders with ICIs to elucidating risk factors and defining management strategies
It's an e-work life! An explorative study on the relationships between e-work characteristics and well-being
No full textThis study investigates how remote e-working characteristics are related to employees’ well-being in Italy. We conducted a longitudinal study with two time points and a 1-month time lag, involving a final sample of 223 employees. Controlling for the auto-regressive effects of all the outcomes, our results revealed that experiencing work-life balance during e-working was negatively associated with emotional exhaustion and social isolation, while it was positively related to career progression. Organisational trust also showed a positive relationship with career progression. Regarding well-being indicators of e-working, cognitive weariness during e-working was positively linked to emotional exhaustion, social isolation and physical complaints. Lastly, social isolation was negatively associated with subsequent perceptions of career progression. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the factors in e-work related to different well-being outcomes and can inform organisational interventions aimed at enhancing the well-being of employees working remotely
Social Representation and Assessment of Salespeople Personality for Job Performance: An Overview and an Italian Piece of Research
No full textthe paper deals with the relationship between the big five personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, openness and neuroticism/emotional stability) and sales performance in the perspective of the social representation of salespeople personality. the first part of the article provides an overview of the topic, while the second half reports the results of a study carried out with 220 Italian salespeople (16 females) and correlating their answers to a personality test named FLORA – an Italian measure of 24 work-related personality characteristics developed and validated for the assessment of specific professional profiles in organizations and based on the big five model – with their sales figures. according to hypotheses, conscientiousness, extraversion and openness are positively related and agreeableness is negatively related to sales performance, which is also consistent with the social representation of salespeople personality. emotional stability does not prove to be a big five directly related to sales performance, but the three facets of emotional stability measured by FLORA (Stress tolerance, frustration tolerance and self-control) are positively and significantly related to the length of service, while the length of service, in turn, is related to job performance. this supports an indirect relation between emotional stability and sales performance passing through the length of service
Reporting of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis
No full textAs reported by the authors, the absence of concomitant cardiovascular or antidiabetic drugs in 75% of all cases could suggest that pre-existing cardiac disorders or cardiovascular risk factors would not predispose patients to develop immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis. A more precise analysis of potential predisposing conditions could have been done by capturing comorbidities, such as we have done in a study that we have just finished and submitted for peer-review
From Bounded Rationality to Collective Behavior
No full textSince the pioneering work of Herbert A. Simon, bounded rationality (BR) constitutes a viable alternative to utility maximization in settings characterized by uncertainty about the possible emergence of novel events, missing information, and limitations to human reasoning. Because of its realism, BR gained consensus in organization and management studies.
However, BR is a theory of individual decision-making. Substantial extensions are required in order to turn it into a tool to analyze collective decision processes.
Following an intuition by the late Simon himself, we submit that organizations channel information flows in ways that alleviate human BR. Thus, analysis and reconstruction of their structure as well as differential degrees and qualities of individual BR within organizations is key to extend this concept to collective decision-making.
In this special issue we collected contributions where instances of BR couple with interaction structures to yield collective behavior. Tools range from mathematical models to experimental settings to computational models, testifying the value of multiple approaches and perspectives
Evaluation of the safety profile of rotavirus vaccines: a pharmacovigilance analysis on American and European data
Full text linkRotaviruses (RVs) are the most common cause of severe diarrheal disease. To date two rotavirus oral vaccines are licensed: Rotarix and Rotateq. Our aim was to contribute to the post-marketing evaluation of these vaccines safety profile. We collected all RV vaccines-related reports of Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) in US Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) and VigiBase between January 2007 and December 2017. A disproportionality analysis using Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) was performed. A total of 17,750 reports in VAERS and 6,358 in VigiBase were retrieved. In VAERS, 86.2% of the reports concerned RotaTeq, whereas in VigiBase 67.7% of them involved Rotarix. Across the databases, diarrhea (1,672 events in VAERS, 1,961 in VigiBase) and vomiting (1,746 in VAERS, 1,508 in VigiBase) were the most reported AEFIs. Noteworthy, the RV vaccines-intussusception pair showed a ROR greater than 20 in both databases. Some new potential safety signals emerged such as fontanelle bulging, hypotonic-hyporesponsive episode, livedo reticularis, and opisthotonus. Overall, our data show that most of the reported AEFIs are listed in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPCs). However, there remains the need to investigate the potential safety signals arose from this analysis, in order to complete the description of the AEFIs
Fattori che facilitano e ostacolano il distacco psicologico dei telelavoratori: una revisione sistematica
No full textIntroduzione. Il distacco psicologico dal lavoro è fondamentale per il recupero dallo stress lavorocorrelato, il benessere e le prestazioni dei collaboratori. Tuttavia, solo recentemente l'attenzione si è
concentrata sul distacco psicologico nel contesto del lavoro a distanza.
Obiettivi. Questo studio mira a esplorare i fattori che influenzano il distacco psicologico nei
telelavoratori attraverso una revisione sistematica della letteratura esistente.
Metodo. La revisione ha incluso 20 studi che utilizzano metodi quantitativi e qualitativi, fornendo
una panoramica completa sui facilitatori e gli ostacoli al distacco psicologico.
Risultati. I risultati preliminari evidenziano intuizioni significative sui fattori che facilitano e
ostacolano il distacco psicologico, ma rivelano anche una notevole lacuna nella letteratura riguardante
la comprensione dei processi alla base del distacco tra i telelavoratori. È necessaria una ricerca più
avanzata per trarre conclusioni solide sui meccanismi del distacco psicologico nel lavoro a distanza.
Limiti. La revisione evidenzia la necessità di metodologie di ricerca più robuste per approfondire la
comprensione del distacco psicologico nei contesti di telelavoro.
Aspetti innovativi. I risultati di questo studio sono rilevanti sia per la comunità accademica,
contribuendo all'avanzamento teorico della ricerca sull'e-working, sia per i professionisti delle risorse
umane, fornendo raccomandazioni basate su evidenze empiriche per facilitare il distacco psicologico
e il recupero dallo stress lavoro-correlato
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