118,232 research outputs found
"Smart" lipid microbubbles for targeting and drug delivery
No full text“Smart” lipid microbubbles for targeting and drug delivery
Gaio Paradossi, Barbara Cerroni, Letizia Oddo
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Lipid microbubbles are known as ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). They consist of hydrophobic gas, tipically a perfluorocarbon or sulfur hexafluoride, encapsulated by a shell of surfactant molecules assembled as monolayer.
To address UCAs on tumor endothelial cells, we decorated their surface with the cyclic pentapeptide, cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) ), containing the sequence RGD, or its analog cyclo(Arg-Ala-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) with a RAD sequence as positive control. RGD sequence is recognized by integrins, the transmembrane proteins overexpressed by tumor endothelial cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In this contribution we tested the bioadhesion of RGD decorated UCAs under controlled and realistic flow conditions such as shear rate, channel diameter, temperature on HUVEC and, as positive control, on fibrablasts NIH3T3 cell lines.
Sonoporation, the reversible opening of cell membrane upon ultrasound irradiation, can be a method to favor the internalization of drugs. However, a careful optimization of the process is needed to warrant cells viability. The presence of the microbubbles affects the efficiency of the method.
This research has been supported by the FP7 Eu project “TheraGlio”.
“Smart” lipid microbubbles for targeting and drug delivery
Gaio Paradossi, Barbara Cerroni, Letizia Oddo
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Lipid microbubbles are known as ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). They consist of hydrophobic gas, tipically a perfluorocarbon or sulfur hexafluoride, encapsulated by a shell of surfactant molecules assembled as monolayer.
To address UCAs on tumor endothelial cells, we decorated their surface with the cyclic pentapeptide, cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) ), containing the sequence RGD, or its analog cyclo(Arg-Ala-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) with a RAD sequence as positive control. RGD sequence is recognized by integrins, the transmembrane proteins overexpressed by tumor endothelial cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In this contribution we tested the bioadhesion of RGD decorated UCAs under controlled and realistic flow conditions such as shear rate, channel diameter, temperature on HUVEC and, as positive control, on fibrablasts NIH3T3 cell lines.
Sonoporation, the reversible opening of cell membrane upon ultrasound irradiation, can be a method to favor the internalization of drugs. However, a careful optimization of the process is needed to warrant cells viability. The presence of the microbubbles affects the efficiency of the method.
This research has been supported by the FP7 Eu project “TheraGlio”
La Figura umana e scientifica di Placido Tardy
No full textDescrizione, attraverso documenti e carteggi, della figura di Placido Tardy, sia dal punto di vista biografico che delle opere scientifich
Orthodontic Fixed Appliance and Periodontal Status: An Updated Systematic Review
No full textBackground:
Periodontal implications of orthodontic therapy are frequent, gingival and periodontal conditions need to be evaluated for every appointment. Several studies have analyzed the effects of fixed appliance on periodontal health.
Objective:
To evaluate whether there is updated scientific evidence on the relationship between fixed orthodontic therapy and periodontal health.
Methods:
A literature search was performed using the Pubmed and Cochrane databases and manual search; the search was carried out using the keywords “orthodontic” and “periodontal”. Articles published only in the English language from January 1997 to April 2017 were included. The inclusion criteria were: RCTs, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies and case-control studies only in English language; only studies on humans, with a minimum sample size of 20 patients and no restriction in terms of patient ages; orthodontic fixed appliances placed into the buccal tooth surface; standardization and training in oral hygiene; Periodontal Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Pocket Probing Depth (PPD), at least at baseline (before appliance was placed) and after follow up (with a minimum period of 3 months). The exclusion criteria were as follows: absence of baseline data before fixed appliances was placed; patients with systemic diseases, periodontal disease or craniofacial anomalies; removable appliances or orthodontic appliance on the lingual dental surface; and no standardization or training in oral hygiene.
Studies were selected by abstract and title; then, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The studies that satisfied the inclusion criteria were evaluated and classified as having low, moderate or high methodology quality.
Results:
Fifty-five records were reviewed on the basis of title and abstract. After full-text reading, 47 full texts were excluded, and 3 articles were classified as having low methodological quality and 5 as having moderate methodological quality.
Conclusions:
The present systematic analysis suggests that there is moderate scientific evidence that a fixed appliance influences periodontal status; no article reported a high score
Relazione tra batteri parodontopatogeni e parto pretermine: tecniche di ricerca ed applicazioni cliniche
No full textIl carteggio Betti-Tardy (1850-1891)
No full textIl carteggio qui preso in esame e' quello con Enrico Betti (Pistoia 1823 – Pisa 1892). La corrispondenza tra Betti e Tardy e' costituita da 128 lettere, che coprono un arco cronologico che va dal 1850 al 1891. In particolare, le lettere di Betti a Tardy sono 79 e si trovano nella Cassetta Loria della Biblioteca Universitaria di Genova. Le lettere di Tardy a Betti sono 49 e si trovano nella Biblioteca della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa.Dall’esame del carteggio abbiamo rilevato la presenza di alcuni temi sopra gli altri: argomenti di carattere scientifico come i riferimenti alla teoria delle equazioni algebriche e al corso di algebra superiore,
alla teoria di Riemann e alle ricerche di fisica matematica; questioni riguardanti il riordinamento dell’Istruzione Pubblica; riferimenti a varie cattedre proposte a P. Tardy; informazioni sulla Societa' dei XL;
argomenti di carattere privato
Dermoscopic and histopathologic diagnosis of equivocal melanocytic skin lesions - An interdisciplinary study on 107 cases - Author reply
No full textBacterial Colonization of Zirconia Ceramic Surfaces: An in Vitro and in Vivo Study
No full textPurpose: The microbial colonization of new ceramic materials developed for abutment manufacturing was assessed. Materials and Methods: The materials used in these experiments were disks of "asfired" and "rectified" ceramic material made of tetragonal zirconia polycrystals stabilized with yttrium (Y-TZP) and commercially pure grade 2 titanium (Ti) with corresponding eluates. They were tested in vitro with the following bacteria: Streptococcus mutans, S sanguis, Actinomyces viscosus, A naeslundii, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Proliferation was evaluated on plates by inhibitory halos around pits, previously inoculated with eluates obtained from the materials. Bacterial adhesion on materials was quantified by spectrophotometric evaluation of the slime production by the same bacteria. Moreover, early bacterial adhesion was evaluated in human volunteers and observed with SEM. Results: No inhibition of bacterial proliferation using eluates was observed. In vitro as-fired and rectified Y-TZP showed significantly more adherent S mutans than did Ti disks, while S sanguis seemed to adhere easily to Ti specimens. No differences were noted for Actinomyces spp and P gingivalis. In vivo Y-TZP accumulated fewer bacteria than Ti in terms of the total number of bacteria and presence of potential putative pathogens such as rods. No differences were observed between rectified and as-fired Y-TZP. Discussion: Overall, Y-TZP accumulates fewer bacteria than Ti. Conclusion: Y-TZP may be considered as a promising material for abutment manufacturing
FESEM evaluation of smear layer removal using different irrigant activation methods (EndoActivator, EndoVac, PUI and LAI). An in vitro study
No full textThis study was to compare the efficacy of EndoActivator, EndoVac, PUI, and LAI methods in removing the smear layer from root canals.Eighty single-rooted mandibular premolars were decoronated to a standardized length of 15 mm. Specimens were shaped to ProTaper F4 (Dentsply Maillefer) and irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl at 37 A degrees C. Teeth were divided into six groups (two control groups [n = 10] and four test groups [n = 15]) according to the final irrigation activation/delivering technique (sonic irrigation [EndoActivator], passive ultrasonic irrigation [PUI], negative apical pressure [EndoVac], and laser activated irrigation [LAI]). Root canals were then split longitudinally and observed with field emission scanning electron microscopy to evaluate the presence of smear layer at 1, 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex. Scores were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests.The EndoActivator was significantly more efficient than PUI, LAI, and control groups in removing the smear layer at 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex. The EndoVac System removed statistically significantly more smear layer than all groups at 1 mm from the apex. At 5 mm from the apex, EndoActivator and EndoVac removed more smear layer than LAI and control groups. At 5 and 8 mm from the apex, PUI and EndoVac did not differ statistically, but both performed statistically better than the control groups.In our study, none of the activation/delivery systems completely removed the smear layer from the root canal walls; nevertheless, EV and EA showed, respectively, statistically significant better results at 1, 3, 5, and 8 mm and 3, 5, and 8 mm from the apex
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