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    Th17 and Interleukin 23 in the Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis and Spondyloarthritis

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    Psoriatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis (SpA) are complex immune-mediated diseases affecting peripheral and axial joints. T cells have been considered fundamental in triggering the disease and maintaining the process in the chronic phase. The recent discovery of the CD4+ Th17 lymphocyte subset and the interleukin 23/interleukin 17 axis has further contributed to the definition of unknown pathways, challenging previous models and the role of Th1/Th2 T cells in immune mediated diseases, including SpA

    Psoriatic arthritis: genetics and pathogenesis

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    Psoriatic arthritis is a complex disease affecting primarily peripheral and axial joints and entheses together with the skin. The pathogenesis is characterized by a genetic background and by inflammatory mechanisms which may be triggered by environmental factors. Several susceptibility genes have been investigated; they include HLA genes, genes within the HLA region and genes outside the HLA region. T cells, including the recently described subset Th17, are thought to play an important role in the acute and chronic phases of the disease. Some of these findings allowed novel therapeutic interventions or opened new promising approaches in treatment. The most relevant data of the literature are summarized and discussed
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