3,765 research outputs found
Self-compression of 4.9 µm pulses to sub-40 fs with 2 mJ energy in Zinc Sulfide
No full textNonlinear self-compression of few-cycle multi-mJ pulses at 4.9 µm in ZnS is presented. 80 fs input pulses are compressed to 37 fs with 2.1 mJ energy at a 1 kHz repetition rate. © 2024 The Author(s
Regular treatment with formoterol for chronic asthma: serious adverse events
No full textEpidemiological evidence has suggested a link between beta(2)-agonists and increases in asthma mortality. There has been much debate about possible causal links for this association, and whether regular (daily) long-acting beta2-agonists are safe.ObjectivesThe aim of this review is to assess the risk of fatal and non-fatal serious adverse events in trials that randomised patients with chronic asthma to regular formoterol versus placebo or regular short-acting beta2-agonists.Search methodsWe identified trials using the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register of trials. We checked websites of clinical trial registers for unpublished trial data and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) submissions in relation to formoterol. The date of the most recent search was January 2012.Selection criteriaWe included controlled, parallel design clinical trials on patients of any age and severity of asthma if they randomised patients to treatment with regular formoterol and were of at least 12 weeks' duration. Concomitant use of inhaled corticosteroids was allowed, as long as this was not part of the randomised treatment regimen.Data collection and analysisTwo authors independently selected trials for inclusion in the review. One author extracted outcome data and the second author checked them. We sought unpublished data on mortality and serious adverse events.Main resultsThe review includes 22 studies (8032 participants) comparing regular formoterol to placebo and salbutamol. Non-fatal serious adverse event data could be obtained for all participants from published studies comparing formoterol and placebo but only 80% of those comparing formoterol with salbutamol or terbutaline.Three deaths occurred on regular formoterol and none on placebo; this difference was not statistically significant. It was not possible to assess disease-specific mortality in view of the small number of deaths. Non-fatal serious adverse events were significantly increased when regular formoterol was compared with placebo (Peto odds ratio (OR) 1.57; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.31). One extra serious adverse event occurred over 16 weeks for every 149 people treated with regular formoterol (95% CI 66 to 1407 people). The increase was larger in children than in adults, but the impact of age was not statistically significant. Data submitted to the FDA indicate that the increase in asthma-related serious adverse events remained significant in patients taking regular formoterol who were also on inhaled corticosteroids.No significant increase in fatal or non-fatal serious adverse events was found when regular formoterol was compared with regular salbutamol or terbutaline.Authors' conclusionsIn comparison with placebo, we have found an increased risk of serious adverse events with regular formoterol, and this does not appear to be abolished in patients taking inhaled corticosteroids. The effect on serious adverse events of regular formoterol in children was greater than the effect in adults, but the difference between age groups was not significant.Data on all-cause serious adverse events should be more fully reported in journal articles, and not combined with all severities of adverse events or limited to those events that are thought by the investigator to be drug-related
Correction to: Chamoun et al., Bacterial pathogenesis and interleukin-17: interconnecting mechanisms of immune regulation, host genetics, and microbial virulence that influence severity of infection
No full textChamoun MN, Blumenthal A, Sullivan MJ, Schembri MA, Ulett GC. 2018. Bacterial pathogenesis and interleukin-17: interconnecting mechanisms of immune regulation, host genetics, and microbial virulence that influence severity of infection. Critical Reviews in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2018.1426556.
When the above article was first published online, the below three corrections were missed.
The author ‘Antje Blumenthal’ was wrongly affiliated to the affiliation “cSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, and Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia”. Now this affiliation has been removed for this author.
The affiliation ‘bTranslational Research Institute, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia’ of the author ‘Antje Blumenthal’ should read ‘bThe University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia’.
In Table 3, the sentence ‘Benefit of manipulating IL-17 levels to improve immunization strategies M. tuberculosis’ should read “Benefit of manipulating IL-17 levels to improve immunization strategies against M. tuberculosis”.No Full Tex
Generation of 22-mJ, 2.0-ps Pulses from a 1-kHz Ho:YLF Regenerative Chirped Pulse Amplifier
No full textWe report a CW-pumped Ho:YLF regenerative amplifier (RA) delivering pulses with 22.5-mJ energy and 2.0-ps duration at 1 kHz. The RA emitting at 2051 nm is broadband-seeded and implemented in a chirped pulse amplification system. © 2024 The Author(s
An integrative review of systematic reviews related to the management of breathlessness in respiratory illnesses
No full textBackground: breathlessness is a debilitating and distressing symptom in a wide variety of diseases and still a difficult symptom to manage. An integrative review of systematic reviews of non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions for breathlessness in non-malignant disease was undertaken to identify the current state of clinical understanding of the management of breathlessness and highlight promising interventions that merit further investigation.Methods: systematic reviews were identified via electronic databases between July 2007 and September 2009. Reviews were included within the study if they reported research on adult participants using either a measure of breathlessness or some other measure of respiratory symptoms.Results: in total 219 systematic reviews were identified and 153 included within the final review, of these 59 addressed non-pharmacological interventions and 94 addressed pharmacological interventions. The reviews covered in excess of 2000 trials. The majority of systematic reviews were conducted on interventions for asthma and COPD, and mainly focussed upon a small number of pharmacological interventions such as corticosteroids and bronchodilators, including beta-agonists. In contrast, other conditions involving breathlessness have received little or no attention and studies continue to focus upon pharmacological approaches. Moreover, although there are a number of non-pharmacological studies that have shown some promise, particularly for COPD, their conclusions are limited by a lack of good quality evidence from RCTs, small sample sizes and limited replication.Conclusions: more research should focus in the future on the management of breathlessness in respiratory diseases other than asthma and COPD. In addition, pharmacological treatments do not completely manage breathlessness and have an added burden of side effects. It is therefore important to focus more research on promising non-pharmacological intervention
Pure-rotational 1D-CARS spatiotemporal thermometry with a single regenerative amplifier system
No full textWe report spatiotemporal pure-rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) in a one-dimensional imaging arrangement obtained with a single ultrafast regenerative amplifier system. The femtosecond pump/Stokes photon pairs, used for impulsive excitation, are delivered by an external compressor operating on a ∼35% beam split of the uncompressed amplifier output (2.5 mJ/pulse). The picosecond 1.2 mJ probe pulse is produced via the second-harmonic bandwidth compression (SHBC) of the ∼65% remainder of the amplifier output (4.5 mJ/pulse), which originates from the internal compressor. The two pump/Stokes and probe pulses are spatially, temporally, and repetition-wise correlated at the measurement, and the signal generation plane is relayed by a wide-field coherent imaging spectrometer onto the detector plane, which is refreshed at the same repetition rate as the ultrafast regenerative amplifier system. We demonstrate 1 kHz cinematographic 1D-CARS gas-phase thermometry across an unstable premixed methane/air flame-front, achieved with a single-shot precision <1% and accuracy <3%, 1.4 mm field of view, and an excellent <20 µm line-spread function.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Flight Performance and Propulsio
Project: Establishing an accounting outsourcing company "MJ Grāmatvedība" Ltd
No full textProjekta ideja ir izveidot grāmatvedības ārpakalpojumu uzņēmumu SIA „MJ Grāmatvedība”, kurš sniegtu pilna vai daļēja cikla grāmatvedības pakalpojumus, sākot ar pirmreizējo dokumentu apstrādi un beidzot ar visu nepieciešamo atskaišu sagatavošanu, kā arī konsultāciju sniegšanu. Projekta mērķis ir ne tikai sniegt grāmatvedības pakalpojumus, bet arī analizēt uzņēmumu darbību un izstrādāt ieteikumus darbības uzlabošanai. Darba autore uzskata, ka nozares pārstāvjiem ir būtiski jāpierāda sava nozīme un to kādam jābūt mūsdienu grāmatvedim. Grāmatvedis nav tikai persona, kura izdara konkrētus darbus, nodos atskaites, tas ir cilvēks, kuram labi jāpārzina nodokļu sistēma, finanšu vadīšana, jāspēj sniegt padomus uzņēmuma finanšu vadības uzlabošanai, kā arī jāspēj pielāgoties tehnoloģiju radītajām izmaiņām. Maģistra darbs apjoms ir uz 105 lappusēm, kas sastāv no 7 nodaļām, 17 pielikumiem, 22 tabulām un 7 attēliem. Darba izstrādē izmantoti 70 informācijas avoti.The general project idea is to establish the accountancy firm MJ Accountancy Ltd., which would provide full or half-cycle accountancy services including the processing of primary documentation, reports’ preparation, and providing of the accountancy consultations. The aim of the project is not only to provide accountancy consultations but also to deal with firms activity analysis and developing suggestions on their activity improvement. The author of the project supports the idea that the field representatives must constantly sustain the status of the accountant’s profession in current times. The accountant is not only the person who executes one’s regular duties and submits reports, but also the person who is competent in the field of taxes, financial management, able to advise on improvements in financial management, and above all able to adapt to the technological changes. The volume of the project is 105 pages, which includes 7 chapters, 17 appendices, 22 tables, 7 figures. 70 sources of information were used in master’s thesis
Initial state and transition-state solvation effects in the cobaltotungstate oxidation of iodide in binary aqueous solvent mixtures
No full textPT: J; CR: AMJAD Z, 1977, CAN J CHEM, V55, P3581 BAKER LCW, 1956, J AM CHEM SOC, V78, P4503 BECK MT, 1968, COORDIN CHEM REV, V3, P91 BLANDAMER MJ, UNPUB CAN J CHEM BLANDAMER MJ, 1978, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P963 BLANDAMER MJ, 1979, PURE APPL CHEM, V51, P2087 BLANDAMER MJ, 1980, COORDIN CHEM REV, V31, P93 BLANDAMER MJ, 1980, J CHEM SOC DA, P1 BLANDAMER MJ, 1980, J CHEM SOC DA, P2442 BRODOVITCH JC, UNPUB BURGESS J, 1968, J CHEM SOC A, P2571 BURGESS J, 1970, J CHEM SOC A, P2111 BURGESS J, 1970, J CHEM SOC A, P2351 BURGESS J, 1972, INORGANIC REACTION M, V2, P127 BURGESS J, 1973, J CHEM SOC A, P825 BURGESS J, 1974, INORGANIC REACTION M, V3, P142 BURGESS J, 1977, INORGANIC REACTION M, V5, P158 BURGESS J, 1979, INORGANIC REACTION M, V6, P168 COX BG, 1974, ANN REP CHEM SOC A, V71, P249 COX BG, 1979, J CHEM SOC F1, V75, P1780 COX BG, 1979, J CHEM SOC FARAD T 1, V75, P86 DELIGNY CL, 1965, RECL TRAV CHIM PAY B, V84, P81 ELLIS KJ, 1973, J CHEM SOC DA, P1533 GRUNWALD E, 1948, J AM CHEM SOC, V70, P846 KANEMAQUIRE LAP, 1975, J CHEM SOC DA, P1890 KEPERT DL, 1978, J CHEM SOC DA, P137 MARCUS RA, 1968, J PHYS CHEM-US, V72, P891 PELIZZETTI E, 1976, INORG CHEM, V15, P2898 SUBHANI MS, 1978, REV ROUMAINE CHIM, V23, P719 UDOVENKO VV, 1977, RUSS J INORG CHEM, V22, P168 WELLS CF, 1973, J CHEM SOC FARAD T 1, V69, P984 WELLS PR, 1968, LINEAR FREE ENERGY R, CH4; NR: 32; TC: 14; J9: TRANSIT METAL CHEM; PG: 4; GA: NG073Source type: Electronic(1
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