88 research outputs found
The effect of droplet size and sprayer type on physical drift
No full textWith the development of transgenic crops resistant to auxin herbicides will come an increase in the use of these herbicides for weed control. This new technology will greatly aid growers that have glyphosate-resistant weeds such as Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats) in their fields. A challenge will be with farmers that choose not to use this new technology and have susceptible crops on their farm or adjoining farms. Auxin herbicides such as 2, 4-D and dicamba are well-documented as being very injurious to susceptible crops, even at low doses. It is for this reason that research is being conducted to compare the differences in the amount of particle drift with hooded boom sprayers compared to open boom sprayers. Along with this research, various droplet sizes will also be analyzed and compared between the two sprayers
Antagonism of barnyardgrass (<i>Echinochloa crus-galli</i>) control with graminicides by glufosinate in LibertyLink soybeans (<i>Glycine max</i>)
No full text
Arthur William Upfield: a biography
No full textThis dissertation is an exhaustive account of the life and work of Arthur William Upfield (1890-1964). It is presented as a critical biography and narrates the life of the writer, in his socio-cultural milieu, from birth. It also positions Upfield as a writer who dealt with issues of Aboriginality at a time when this was a singularly polemical subject. My work is informed by the theory of Zygmunt Bauman and others and is posited in the context of late-modern biography theory.
English-born, Upfield arrived in Australia in 1911 and took work in the bush, serving overseas with the Australian army at the outbreak of World War I and marrying an Australian army nurse in Egypt. Returning with his wife and son to Australia in 1921 he intermittently carried his swag until he was employed patrolling the Western Australian number 1 rabbit-proof fence for three years to 1931. By that time he had published four novels, including two crime novels featuring his fictional creation, the part-Aboriginal, part-European, Detective-Inspector Napoleon Bonaparte ('Bony'), arguably the first fully-developed character in Australian popular fiction.
Leaving the fence, Upfield settled with his family in Perth and wrote full-time until joining the Melbourne Herald in 1933. Retrenched, he resumed career writing to be further interrupted by a war-time intelligence posting in 1939. In 1943 the first Bony mysteries were published in America, where Upfield's critical success was maintained until his death. In 1945 he left his wife for Jessica Uren, to whom he remained devoted.
Upfield's in all twenty-nine Bony novels, many of which have been translated across eleven languages, afforded him notable success both at home and abroad, in good part due to his descriptive gifts and the uniqueness of his fictional character, the part-Aboriginal Bony
“It Has Always Known And We Have Always Been ‘Other’: Knowing Capitalism And The ‘Coming Crisis’ Of Sociology Confront The Concentration System and Mass-Observation,”
No full textLa economía de Occidente y la del resto del mundo en el último milenio
No full textEn este ensayo se mantiene que Europa Occidental inició su despegue económico
con respecto al resto del mundo durante la Edad Moderna o incluso la Baja Edad Media. Empleando la última información cuantitativa disponible, se argumenta que, entre los años 1000 y 1820, el PIB por habitante de Europa Occidental se multiplicó por tres, frente a un crecimiento medio de sólo el 33 por 100 en el resto del mundo. Entre los factores responsables de esta diferencia destacan el
progreso en las técnicas de navegación, con sus consecuencias sobre el comercio y la división del trabajo; la adopción de instituciones también favorables al
comercio; la revolución del conocimiento iniciada durante el Renacimiento; la propia
división política de Europa, con sus corolarios de competencia entre estados
y mayor libertad individual, y el desarrollo del individualismo, favorecido por la
tradición cultural cristiana.This essay contends that Western Europe’s economy started to grow at a more rapid pace than the rest of the World during the Early Modern or Late Medieval era. Using the latest quantitative information available it is argued that, between the years 1000 and 1820, GDP per head in Western Europe experienced a threefold increase whereas that of the rest of the World grew only 33 per cent. Among the factors responsible for this difference the author highlights the progress in navigation techniques, with its consequences on trade and the division of labour; the adoption of institutions that also favoured trade; the knowledge revolution
which started during the Renaissance period; the political division of Europe, with
its corollary of competition among states and enhanced freedom, as well as the
development of individualism favoured by the Christian cultural tradition.Publicad
Comparisons of real output in manufacturing
No full textThis study is concerned with the conceptual and measurement problems which arise in comparisons of levels of per capita output and productivity in different countries. The author stresses the reliance of standarized valuations of the different elements of output rather than official exchange rates when making comparisons. Two approaches are noted; (1) the expenditure approach and (2) the production approach. The production approach, discussed here, looks at the industry of origin and provides a basis for growth accounting, comparative structural analysis, studies of technological performance, and work on labor productivity and total factor productivity. This approach provides a sounder base for constructing relative indicators of productivity. It also reveals trade protection policies and their incidence on different sectors of the economy. The approach shows which data are anomalous and which analytically useful in industrial census. It also shows how new insights might be gained by exploiting some official sources which often remain untapped by international agencies.Environmental Economics&Policies,Access to Markets,Markets and Market Access,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform
A gazetteer and summary of French pottery imported into Scotland c. 1150 to c. 1650 a ceramic contribution to Scotland's economic history Ceramic Resource Disc 3
No full textThe proposal for a series of published inventories, by countries, of all the imported medieval and post medieval pottery recovered from excavations and field walking in Scotland, was advanced on the final day of the Medieval Pottery Research Group’s conference held in Edinburgh in May 2001. Taking on the roll of creating a gazetteer and catalogue of French pottery in Scotland, it was the authors aim to build on the pioneering work of John Hurst and other medieval ceramicists and in the process make a contribution to the ongoing research on identifiable medieval and post-medieval ceramics traded around the North and Irish Sea
Incremental multi-party conversational AI for people with dementia
No full textSpoken dialogue systems (SDSs, e.g. Siri and Alexa) are trained on huge corpora, helping
them accurately understand the ‘average’ user. Speech production is nuanced, however,
so some user groups fall outside the ‘average’. This thesis focuses on SDSs for people
with dementia (PwD). More naturally interactive and accessible SDSs can improve people’s autonomy at home, and in public spaces. Three challenges are tackled in this thesis,
ethical data collection, incrementality, and multi-party conversations (MPCs).
Part I details the motivations of this work, in the context of voice assistant accessibility,
with a specific focus on language technologies for people with dementia. The thesis is
then introduced in its entirety through published paper summaries, with a structure guide.
Part II focuses on data collection. An ethical framework is presented to ensure all data is
collected ethically. A data capture device is then presented to address novel challenges
introduced by COVID-19. Using the ethical framework and device, the DEICTIC corpus
was collected. It verified that, when talking to an SDS, PwD pause significantly more
often, and for significantly longer durations, than people without dementia. The corpus
also reveals that 28% of PwD’s interactions with an SDS are MPCs involving their partner. SDSs are not adapted for MPCs, so a second data collection was designed. Hospital
staff subsequently used this design with memory clinic patients and their companions.
Part III focuses on incrementality. Microsoft’s incremental speech recognition is the most
responsive, stable, accurate, and the only one that preserves disfluent material. IBM’s
services were the most suitable for MPCs. Two corpora were created and released to
explore incremental semantic parsing, together containing over 105,000 interrupted utterances paired with their underspecified meaning representation. SDSs interrupt users
if they pause too long mid-utterance, requiring them to frustratingly repeat themselves.
The use of incremental clarification requests (iCRs, e.g. “author of what?”) leads to more
naturally interactive SDSs, and improves their accessibility for PwD. Another new corpus
was created and released, containing 3,000 human elicited clarification requests. It was
used to show that some large language models (LLMs) can generate context-appropriate
iCRs, and can interpret clarification exchanges as if they were one uninterrupted turn.
Part IV tackles MPCs. The hospital corpus showed that MPCs elicit unique, complex behaviours. LLMs performed remarkably at the new task of multi-party goal tracking, when
given examples from the corpus. A multi-party SDS is required for further research, so
all the work presented in this thesis was integrated into one system, embodied by an ARI robot. It has been designed to handle MPCs with memory clinic patients and their companions, and is designed to be accessible for PwD. When PwD pause mid-utterance, the
system generates an appropriate iCR, and interprets the resulting clarification exchange.
In summary, this thesis identifies that PwD pause significantly more often, and for significantly longer durations, than people without dementia. Additionally, these interactions
are often multi-party. When mid-utterance pauses occur, interactions can be recovered
through the use of iCRs. Using the SLUICE-CR corpus, LLMs can generate effective
and human-like iCRs. They can also be used to interpret clarification exchanges, and interpret multi-party interactions. This work was integrated and deployed on a social robot
to enable conversations between the robot, memory clinic patients, and their companions
Weight change, body condition and beef-cow reproduction
No full textSeptember 1975.Includes bibliographical references (pages 54-63).I. Data compiled on 686 Angus and Hereford cows 2 to 11 years old fed different levels of energy before and after calving were analyzed by the method of least squares to determine the effect of individual weight change and body condition on (1) likelihood of estrus (LOE) 30 to 90 days postpartum and (2) likelihood of pregnancy (LOP) at first breeding. Cows were designated to weight-change groups according to weight gain (G) or loss (L) 120 days before and 90 to 140 days after calving (GG, GL, LG, or LL) and from calving to first breeding (G or L). Cows were also designated to body condition groups (thin, moderate, or good) at calving and first breeding according to visual appraisal and palpated fat cover over the back and ribs. Weight change pre- and post-calving significantly (P .05). II. Studies were conducted to: (1) determine the repeatability of a cow-height measurement and (2) determine the relation of weight-to-height ratio to measurable backfat. Height at the hips was measured to the nearest .1 cm using a steel caliper, which swung over the cow and extended downward from a pre-set height to the lumbar vertebrae midway between the tuber coxae. Backfat measurements were taken over the 12th and 13th ribs using an ultrasonic scanner. In three separate studies involving a total of 927 height measurements on 250 cows, repeatability estimates obtained were .86, .81 and .91. In two separate studies involving height and backfat measurements on a total of 120 cows, correlations between weight-to-height ratio and measurable backfat were .50 and .71. III. Five hundred sixty Angus and Angus x Hereford cows 6 to 13 years of age were used to determine the relation of pre- and post-calving weight-to-height ratio to likelihood of estrus (LOE) 30 to 90 days postpartum and likelihood of pregnancy (LOP) at first breeding. All cows calved each of the previous three years and were pregnant to Simmental, Simmental x Hereford or Charolais sires. Height of each cow at the hips was measured to the nearest .5 cm and individual weights were taken approximately 120, 90, 60 and 30 days before calving, at first postpartum estrus and at first breeding. Of the pre-calving measurements, weight-to-height ratio (WHR) 60 days before calving most consistently accounted for significant portions (P .05)
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