1,722,037 research outputs found
SARS CoV-2 pandemic in the western world: The lessons learned
Full text linkThe causes and public health impact of SARS-Cov-2 epidemic in Europe are discusse
Waiting for the Malaria Vaccine: The Complex Epidemiological Transition Toward Malaria Elimination
No full textThe impact of the malaria vaccine on the epidemiological transition of malaria is discusse
Migration Medicine
No full textThe article takes into consideration the various possible infectious diseases occurring to mgrants across the spectrum of migration, assessing possible favoring factors.
KEY POINTS
- Migration is increasing, and practitioners need to be aware of the unique health needs of this population.
- The prevalence of infectious diseases among migrants varies and generally mirrors that of their countries of origin but is modified by the circumstance of migration, presence of prearrival screening programs and post arrival access to health care.
- Take all opportunities to screen migrants at risk for latent infections and update routine vaccines in all age groups.
- Be aware of “rare and tropical infections” related to migration and return travel
Embracing the challenges of migration medicine
No full textViene descritto il fenomeno migratio nell'ambito più ampio delle problematiche sanitaria connesse alla mobilità uman
A semigeostrophic model for the diagnosis of frontal precipitation over complex orography
No full textA simplified fluid-dynamical scheme is formulated, based on the inviscid hydrostatic equations for the moist atmosphere, in order to study the rainfall distribution over a terrain with complex orography. Assuming a slow evolution of the main meteorological forcing, such as in the presence of frontal circulation, a small-scale diagnostic model is delineated, where the input is given from synoptic-scale analysis and/or predictions. A preliminary semigeostrophic version of the model is tested on a real case study over the Apennine chain (Central Italy) and the results are briefly discussed
Fluid-dynamical modeling of atmospheric flow over complex orography
No full textThe atmospheric flow is strongly affected by the complex shape of its lower boundary, i. e. the orography. The orographic forced uplift of air masses may extend for several kilometers up into the troposphere, influencing many atmospheric processes such as the precipitation formation. Focusing the attention on large meso-scale circulation, a simplified fluid-dynamical scheme is formulated, based on the inviscid hydrostatic equations for the moist atmosphere Assuming a slow evolution of the main meteorological forcing, such as in the presence of frontal circulation, a meso-scale diagnostic model is delineated, where the input is given from synoptic-scale analysis and/or predictions. A preliminary linearized version of the model is tested on a real case study over the Apennine chain (Central Italy) and the results are briefly discussed
Infectious diseases at different stages of migration: An expert review
No full textBackground: Human migration is increasing in magnitude and scope. The majority of migrants arriving in high income countries originate from countries with a high prevalence of infectious 44 diseases. The risk and burden of infectious diseases are not equally distributed among migrant groups and varies with migration stage. Methods: A broad literature review on the drivers for infectious diseases and associated health outcomes among migrants across different stages of migration was conducted. The aim was to provide practitioners with an overview of the key infectious disease risks at each stage to guide health promotion strategies. Results: A complex interaction of factors lead to infectious diseases and associated poor health outcomes among migrants. The most important drivers are the epidemiology of infectious diseases in their countries of origin, the circumstances and conditions of the migration journey, and barriers accessing health care post arrival. During the recent large waves of forced migration into Europe the primary health concerns on arrival were, psychological, traumatic and chronic non-communicable diseases. In the early settlement period, crowded and unhygienic living conditions in reception camps facilitated outbreaks of respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin infections and vaccine preventable diseases. After re-settlement, undetected and untreated latent infections due to tuberculosis, viral hepatitis, HIV, chronic helminthiasis and Chagas disease lead to poor health outcomes. Migrants are disproportionally affected by preventable travel related diseases such as malaria, typhoid and hepatitis due to poor uptake of pre-travel prophylaxis and vaccination. Infectious diseases among migrants can be decreased at all migration stages with health promotion strategies adapted to their specific needs and delivered in a linguistically and culturally sensitive manner. Conclusions: Tailored health promotion and screening approaches and accessible and responsive health systems, regardless of legal status, will be needed at all migration stages to limit the burden and transmission of infectious diseases in the migrant population
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