13,791 research outputs found
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN LAND TENURE LAW IN ERITREA, HORN OF AFRICA
Get PDFAfter a historical sketch of the evolution of land tenure systems in the Eritrean highlands, this paper describes the main features of the new Eritrean land law and its operative assumption that the legislation is meant to extend state control over land. The legal devices employed by the law are widely used in sub-Saharan Africa (and were largely inspired by colonial policies). The State of Eritrea frequently asserts that its recent independence gives it the opportunity to learn from other developing countries' mistakes and to avoid them. The basic patterns of the new land law, however, are common to the rest of Africa, notwithstanding the evident poor results. The central government wants its control to be widespread and pervasive. The fight against traditional social groups controlling land, at least in the highlands, is severe. Apart from a formal repeal of customary law, the state's acquisition of the power to modify village boundaries according to a scheme already completed at higher administrative levels and to introduce equal rights on land for women entails a disruption of the villages' social identity. Mandatory state control over landed property in Eritrea is, as usual, motivated by the necessity to address higher social needs. The ultimate intent, of course, is that the evolution from communal property to state property will eventually result in the widespread introduction of individual property once a sufficient level of economic development is achieved. This unfavorable attitude toward communal property is not supported by the evidence, which shows that, in fact, efficient land management can be obtained through renovation of traditional institutions.Land tenure -- Eritrea, Land tenure -- Government policy -- Eritrea, Land tenure -- Law and legislation -- Eritrea, Customary law -- Eritrea, Tenure types, Traditional -- Eritrea, Land reform -- Eritrea, Land Economics/Use,
Alfred Schutz and Herbert Simon: Can their Action Theories Work Together?
No full textThis paper combines Alfred Shultz and Herbert Simon's theories of action in order to understand the grey area between dynamic and completely unstructured decision making better. As a result I have put together a specific scheme of how choice elements are represented from an agent's personal experience, so as to create a bridge between the phenomenological and cognitive-procedural approaches of decision making. I first look at the key points of their original models relating Alfred Schutz's “provinces of meaning” and Herbert Simon's “satisficing” mechanism. I then consider the particular concept of intentionality and reasoning by analogy for different choice settings. Finally I have suggested a perspective based on creative behaviour and sense-making for ill-structured conditions
Does culture matter for the economic performance of countries? An overview of the literature
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Oltre un modello dualistico della filiera. Riflessioni sul ruolo della governance territoriale nel distretto di Lumezzane
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Review of "Reason and rationality" (Jon Elster)
No full textReview of Jon Elster's "Reason and rationality" (Princeton University Press
Riflessività e dinamiche socio-cognitive nell'evoluzione dei mercati finanziari: alcune proposte interpretative
No full textThe article presents a theoretical analysis on the socio-cognitive processes that are supposed to play an essential role in the evolution of financial markets and in their dynamic since the eruption of the 2008 crisis. Two levels are examined starting from the studies carried out by George Soros about reflexivity and concerning the intersubjective sphere of human behavior. The first one refers to the way by which agents build up cognitive representations that affect their capability of anticipating events, while the second one is linked to the transition from these representations to certain mental states, above all beliefs about future occurrence and intentional action plans. Some explanatory hypotheses are made to shed light on the interplay between the two levels when economic and financial ill-structured scenarios occur. The crucial topic here investigated is the mechanism of analogy that is at work when agents cannot make reasonable inferences in high uncertainty conditions. By elaborating some key notions of Alfred Schutz and Douglas Hofstadter's standpoints, the article discusses the core properties of fluid concepts and creative analogies as the mechanisms that help develop forethought, sensemaking and self-organizing attitude
La razionalità limitata nelle scienze sociali. Fondamenti, modelli e contesti decisionali
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