1,721,246 research outputs found
Disturbo post-traumatico da stress: un approccio multidimensionale alle differenze di genere
No full textA case of catatonia in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic: does autism spectrum matter?
No full textDepression, Serotonin and Tryptophan
No full textDepression is a major cause of worldwide disability. Although its etiology is unclear, for over sixty years the study of its pathophysiology has focused mainly on serotonin (5-HT) and serotonergic neurotransmission. Generally, the study of the pathophysiological processes underpinning depression have led to the appreciation of its complexity, although such study continues to support the role of 5-HT in this disorder. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the available findings on 5-HT and depression, with a special focus on alterations in tryptophan (TRP) metabolism that can shift from 5-HT synthesis towards other, potentially neurotoxic, compounds, such as the tryptophan catabolite, quinolinic acid. The evidence that the TRP shunt may be promoted by stress hormones and proinflammatory cytokines strongly supports the notion that depression should now be considered a systemic disorder that can be triggered by different factors that ultimately target the 5-HT system in vulnerable individuals. In addition, such intriguing findings suggest biochemical targets for novel treatment options in depression
Emotional dysregulation as trans-nosographic psychopathological dimension in adulthood: A systematic review
No full textINTRODUCTION: Emotional dysregulation (ED) is characterized by inappropriate emotional reactions related to environmental or cognitive stimuli. In most recent years, increasing interest has been devoted to its definition and detection across mental disorders for its detrimental role progressively highlighted in both neurodevelopment and adult mental disorders, with implications on the severity of clinical manifestations. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate and gather the scientific evidence about ED in adult psychiatric population to elucidate the concept of ED as trans-nosographic entity. METHODS: The electronics databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was reviewed to identify studies in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines; at the end of the selection process a total of 29 studies (N = 709; N = 658; N = 1,425) was included. All studies included assessed the presence of ED symptoms, by means of a validate scale in adult (>18 years of age), in clinically diagnosed patients as well as healthy control participants. RESULTS: Our results suggest ED as a trans-diagnostic factor across multiple mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, personality disorders; a better definition of this concept could be helpful to interpret and clarify many clinical cases and improve their diagnostic and therapeutic management
Dimensions and Predictors of Personal Recovery in Major Depression
Full text linkOver the course of recent years, the focus of interest of clinicians and individuals living with MDD shifted from just achieving symptomatic remission to clinical recovery, functional recovery and ultimately personal recovery. Personal recovery is an idiographic process, that is, each persons’ recovery is unique. Personal recovery is not a dichotomous outcome of interventions but rather a journey, a dynamic process, that requires a shared decision-making approach. Living well despite depressive residual symptoms and despite the scars of an often chronic, recurrent, long-lasting condition such as MDD (e.g. cognitive scars, social scars, physical scars) is not only possible, but should become the main objective of the management of MDD, as recently acknowledged by international clinical guidelines.
The journey towards personal recovery in MDD may be viewed as a sequential, multi-dimensional route where several individuals contribute to the final outcome; it starts with strategies aimed at fostering clinical recovery in order to quickly move at implementing strategies to promote existential, functional, physical and social recovery. Healthcare providers, individuals living with the condition, peers and family members/caregivers can contribute each in its own way to this final outcome.
Personal recovery in MDD is still understudied as compared to personal recovery as an outcome in other severe mental disorders; it is necessary and urgent that future studies can be funded and performed in order to achieve a better understanding of dimensions and predictors of clinical and personal recovery in MDD
- …
