86,731 research outputs found
Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA). First validation in Italian samples.
No full textPerinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA). First validation in Italian samples.
Baldoni F.1, Matthey S.2, Agostini F.1, Schimmenti A.3, Caretti V.4
1Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Italy
2University of Sydney, Australia
3 Kore University of Enna, Italy
4 LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
Background: The assessment of affective disorders in fathers during the perinatal period represents a difficult challenge for clinicians. The Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA) (Baldoni et al., 2016) is a new self-report questionnaire for the screening of affective symptoms in fathers during the perinatal period. It has been developed in recent research on perinatal affective disorders and assesses different dimensions of paternal affective problems: anxiety, depression, hostility, relational and couple difficulties, somatic complaints, dangerous behaviors and addictions (smoke, alcohol, drugs, gambling, internet, physical or sexual compulsive and at risk behavior). The PAPA has a simple structure and is very fast and simple to complete. It also considers some ethnic and socio-cultural influences.
Aim: This study presents the incoming preliminary data of a multicentric validation study of the PAPA that involved many Italian public services (AUSL Romagna, Cagliari, 15 Alta Padovana, Torino, Foggia, Roma1).
Methods: Different samples of fathers and mothers (500 couples, 1000 parents) were involved in the study. All participants, at the VII-VIII months prenatal and at 3 months postnatal, completed the following questionnaires: PAPA (prenatal and postnatal versions), CES-D, SCL-90-R, Analogical Symptom Assessment (ASA), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), EPDS. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics (Version 23).
Results: Preliminary findings concerning the prenatal period showed significant association between PAPA total scores (P = .05) and single scale scores with many scores on CES-D, SCL-90-R, ASA, PSS and DAS.
Discussion: Preliminary data of this Italian validation study confirm the PAPA as a useful tool for the screening of paternal affective disorders in the perinatal period. However, the PAPA doesn’t permit an accurate diagnosis but provides a simple and practical guide for detecting fathers at high-risk of perinatal affective alteration. In these cases, a more in-depth diagnostic assessment and a possible treatment are required.
Reference: Baldoni, F., Matthey, S, Agostini, F., Schimmenti, A., & Caretti, V. (2016). Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA): preliminary report on a new screening tool, Infant Mental Health Journal, 37 (Suppl. 1), 132-133
Perinatal Affective Disorders in fathers: from assessment to treatment
No full textPerinatal Affective Disorders in Fathers: from assessment to treatment
Baldoni F.1, Matthey S.2 and Caretti V.3
1Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Italy
2University of Sydney, Australia
3 LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
Recent research confirms that the father plays an important role from the early stage of pregnancy. However, during the perinatal period many fathers show affective disorders (like Paternal Perinatal Depression or Anxiety disorders) that can negatively affect the couple’s life, the mother’s mental health, and the child’s psychological and physical development (Ramchandani, Psychogiou, 2009; Fletcher et al. 2011; Habib, 2012; Tuszyńska-Bogucka, Nawra, 2014; Edward et al., 2015; Leach et al., 2015; Sethna et al., 2015; Paulson et al., 2016). Affective perinatal disorders in fathers are not uncommon (Paulson, Bazemore, 2010), but tend to occur differently than in women and are often under-assessed or undiagnosed. In fact, men are usually less inclined to reveal any psychological difficulty and tend to show discomfort in the form of externalizing behaviors. For these reasons, the depressive symptoms tend to be milder and more indefinite, and they frequently overlap with other psychological or behavioural problems like: anxiety symptoms, abnormal illness behaviour (hypochondria, somatization, functional medical syndromes), anger attacks and acting out (violent behaviour, extra-marital relations, fugues), relational and couple conflicts, alcohol or drug abuse, and other addict disorders. Although affective disorders in fathers were neglected by research for many years, interest in this field has increased in the last decade, and some new methods for the assessment of these paternal disorders have been proposed (Baldoni et al., 2016). Research data on the role of the father during the perinatal period, and on the specific expression of paternal perinatal affective disorders, have changed the perspective of how to assess for such mood problems in men, which will thus also impinge on the development of more effective prevention and treatment programs.
The topic of this symposium, consisting of four talks, is perinatal affective disorders in fathers and to consider new perspectives in assessment of and early intervention on these disorders, taking into account the data of recent research
Rationale for the use of the CECA measures as preferred tools for research on the relationship between child abuse/neglect and adult psychopathology.
No full textRationale for the use of the CECA measures as preferred tools for research on the relationship between child abuse/neglect and adult psychopathology.
Adriano Schimmenti, Vincenzo Caretti, Francesca Giannone, Loredana Lucarelli
Research focusing on the role played by child abuse/neglect in the onset of psychopathology needs a valid and reliable assessment of childhood experiences and relationships: that is, there is the need for a comprehensive understanding of the developmental environment where the child grew up. Although the most used self-report measures on child abuse and neglect may show good psychometric properties, they often fail in such an objective, giving relevant information only on some facets of the childhood experiences of care and abuse.
The CECA measures (CECA interview and CECA Questionnaires) permit instead a wider exploration of experiences in infancy, childhood and early adolescence, which can be necessary for the anamnestic assessment in clinical practice, or when research is aimed to look at causal model in psychopathology. The clear definition and appropriate operationalization of childhood risk and resilience factors into the CECA measures allow in fact to discriminate among different experiences without loosing other relevant information on the topic.
Some findings from Italy obtained through the use of the CECA measures on normal samples and clinical samples will be discussed. Also, case studies on war refugees and patients with complex childhood trauma and DSM-IV Axis I - Axis II disorders in comorbidity will be presented to show how CECA can help clinical assessment.
Statistical analyses on CECA datasets, including the application of Item Response Theory models to the Italian version of the CECA interview and the use of Structural Equation Modelling for testing the effects of child abuse/neglect on adult psychopathology, widely confirm that CECA measures are valid, reliable, and mostly important useful for research and clinical practice
The Psychosomatic Dysregulation Inventory (PDI).
No full textTo date, many assessment scales have been developed for the study of emotion dysregulation. Ideal scales used should be reliable and practical, and able to catch the specificity topic considered. This study discusses the rationale underlying the Psychosomatic Dysregulation Inventory (PDI), the methods employed in item selection and scale construction, and describes preliminary results regarding psychometric properties. 100 subjects were administered the PDI and a battery of established self-report measures. The internal consistency of PDII scales ranged from 0.71 to 0.93. The PDI showed good criterion validity, with participants with a clinical diagnosis having a significantly higher corresponding PDI scale score than participants not assigned that diagnosis. Concurrent validity, tested by correlating PDI scale scores with those of relevant, validated measures, was generally good. The PDI appears to be a good psychometrically founded self-report. These results indicate that the PDI may be useful for detecting individuals who are at high risk for psychosomatic dysregulation
The screening of affective perinatal disorders in fathers: preliminary validation data of the Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA).
No full textTHE SCREENING OF AFFECTIVE PERINATAL DISORDERS IN FATHERS: PRELIMINARY VALIDATION DATA OF THE PERINATAL ASSESSMENT OF PATERNAL AFFECTIVITY (PAPA)
Baldoni Franco (1), Matthey Stephen (2), Agostini Francesca (1), Caretti Vincenzo (3), Minghetti Mattia (1), Giannotti Michele (1), D’Autilia Benedetta (1), Spelzini Federico (4), & the PAPA Team
(1) Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Italy
(2) University of Sydney - South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
(3) LUMSA University, Roma, Italy
(4) Obstetrics and Gynecology Operating Unit, Infermi Hospital Rimini, AUSL Romagna, Italy
[email protected]
The assessment of perinatal affective disorders in fathers is a still unresolved problem, and currently no screening tool is sufficiently credited. The most common early screening instruments, like the EPDS, even when validated for fathers, do not take into account that men are usually less prone to reveal any psychological difficulty and tend to repress discomfort assuming externalizing strategies like: alcohol abuse, smoking, drug addiction or other maladjusted behaviors. As a consequence of their indefinite clinical features, these problems are often under-assessed or undiagnosed.
The Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA) (Baldoni, Matthey, Agostini, Schimmenti, & Caretti, 2016) is a new questionnaire for the screening of high-risk fathers during the perinatal period. It is the first tool for evaluating affective problems in males, considering different dimensions highlighted by recent research. It is fast and easy to administer, ethnic and socio-cultural influences are also considered.
The incoming preliminary data from the Italian multicentric validation study of the PAPA, involving many public services (AUSLs Romagna, Cagliari, 15 Alta Padovana, Torino, Foggia and Roma1), will be presented.
600 couples of fathers and mothers (1200 parents) were involved in the study. All participants, at the 7th-8th month prenatal and at 3rd month postnatal, completed the following questionnaires: PAPA, CES-D, SCL-90-R, ASA, PSS, DAS and EPDS.
Preliminary findings showed significant association between PAPA total and single scale scores with many scores on CES-D, SCL-90-R, ASA, PSS and DAS (P< .05). These data confirm the PAPA as a useful screening tool for the assessment of perinatal affective disorders in fathers. Despite it doesn’t allow an accurate diagnosis, it provides a simple and practical guide to the detection of high-risk fathers. In these cases, a more thorough diagnostic assessment and a possible treatment are required
Hybrid organic – inorganic polymerci materials bearing triorganotin caroboxylate moieties and their applications
No full textThis work has been mainly devoted to the investigation of the most suitable structural modifications on polystyrenic resins bearing triorganotin carboxylate moieties in order to dispose of an effective heterogeneous catalyst useful for transesterification reaction. First results indicate that triphenyltin derivatives are more effective than the aliphatic analogues (Angiolini et. al., 2006).
In order to obtain a higher catalytic activity, two different synthetic pathways have been used. The first one concerns the introduction on the aromatic ring of substituents having different electronic properties, in conjugated position with respect to the tin atom. The aim of this modification was to tune opportunely the Lewis acidity at the metal centre. The tested substituents were, in chronological order of synthesis, F, SCH3, CF3 and finally Cl.
As expected, the resins deriving from the monomer bearing the fluorine atom gave a higher alcohol conversion in a transesterification model reaction than those having the SCH3 group as substituent. In fact, as known, the presence of an electron-withdrawing substituent, such as F, increases the Lewis acidity of tin, while the electron-donor SCH3 reduces it. This result has led to the idea of introducing a strong electron-withdrawing group as tin substituent. To this purpose the CF3 was chosen, but the catalytic performances of the resulting resins were the lowest of the series. It has been supposed, indeed, that a too high Lewis acidity degree actually affects the catalytic performances of the resins, probably due to the very strong interaction between the tin and the oxygen of carboxylic moiety, leading to an irreversible adduct formation resulting in a low catalytic activity. Thus, it has been tested a substituent having properties close to the fluorine atom, which displays, as reported, both electron-withdrawing and donor properties, owing to inductive and mesomeric effect, respectively.
Accordingly, a monomer bearing a chlorine atom as ring substituent has been synthesized, as well as the related resins that, tested as catalyst in transesterification reactions, finally gave the best catalytic results of the overall series. At the same time, a further modification was introduced with the aim of increasing the catalytic centre mobility, in order to obtain an easier contact between substrate and catalyst, and therefore better catalytic performances. To address this, the metal centre was spaced from the polymeric backbone by introducing an aliphatic spacer of a certain length. In particular, a dimethylenic and a tetramethylenic spacer have been introduced and the corresponding resins tested as catalyst. As a result the sample having the dimethylenic spacer gave the highest alcohol conversions of the series and, moreover, better results than those achieved by the corresponding one bearing the fluorine. The resin having the tetramethylenic spacer instead, provides worse conversions, lower than those obtained by the basic catalyst. Finally, the above two modifications have been combined in a unique product, thus preparing monomers and the corresponding resins having both the aromatic substituent CF3, F, or Cl and the dimethylenic spacer. Unexpectedly, the obtained conversions, although they respected the conversion rank order observed for corresponding catalysts without the spacer, are lower than the ones obtained with the Cl substituent only.
The testing model reaction was also performed in the absence of catalyst, with the aim of detecting the presence of additional contributions other than those given by the organotin carboxylate moiety, resulting in the lack of conversion of ethyl acetate at all, as expected. Moreover it can be safely said that any significant tin leaching from grafted materials into the reaction medium does not occur, meaning that the organometallic ester is stable under the trans-esterification conditions and the reaction takes place only at the solid-liquid inte..
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