147,136 research outputs found
The Nave, Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford
No full textOn front of postcard: E 38297 -- On back of postcard: O. F. (Stengel & Co. Ltd.) Post Card Publ., London N
Credit Card Selection Criteria: Singapore Perspective
No full textThis study used factor analysis to examine credit card selection criteria among Singaporeans. The results showed that convenience of use and protection, economics, and flexibility were the main drivers, while the reputation of card was the least important in determining credit card selection in Singapore. Demographic results showed that high-income earners, the better educated, the elderly, married and the professional preferred the convenience-protection factor to the economic-promotional factor. Females were shown to value the promotional factor more, while males preferred the economic factor. The ethnic Malays placed a greater emphasis on the economic factor than did the ethnic Chinese. The results also showed that the number of credit card owned in Singapore is positively related to education, income, age group, and marital status. Those holding a single credit card stressed the economic factor more than those holding many cards. In Singapore, the higher income earners, the better educated, older adults, females, married, and both Chinese and Indians are more receptive to paying their monthly credit card balances in full. The results demonstrated that Singaporeans do not view the credit card selection criteria much differently from respondents from other developing and advanced nations.credit card selection, credit card usage, banking regulation, factor analysis
Explaining intention to use the Islamic credit card: an extension of the TRA model
No full textAbstract Purpose – The Islamic credit card is a type of banking product offered by Islamic banks. Given the importance to the Islamic credit card to Islamic banks, the study is aimed at identifying the factors determining the Malaysian bank customers’ behavioral intention to use the Islamic credit card. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing upon the Theory of Reasoned Action (the TRA model), this study proposes a modified model to examine the acceptance factors of attitude, subjective norm and perceived financial cost within the Islamic credit card context. The study used multiple regression model in order to examine the impacts of these explanatory variables on the intention to use the Islamic credit card. The model is tested using survey data from 257 respondents. Findings – The results reveal that attitude, subjective norm and perceived financial cost significantly influence the Islamic credit card intention to use. Of these, attitude was first ranked factor explaining intention to use the Islamic credit card. Research limitations/implications – The research suffers from two limitations. The first limitation is related to the generalization of finding whilst the second limitation is related to the limited measures employed in the current work. Despite these limitations, this research is significantly contributed to the body of knowledge in the area of Islamic credit card, at least at exploratory level. Practical implications – Information gathered from the study will serve as a basis for more future works in the area of Islamic credit card. The theory developed in the current study’s model could also be generalized into other contexts of Islamic banking products and services. Practically, branch managers of Islamic banking institutions could of prime importance to extend the findings of the study for the better future planning of their Islamic credit card offerings. Originality/value – Importantly, the study extends the applicability of the TRA model into Islamic credit card context. Few studies have conducted over the years under this context in Malaysia.Islamic credit card, personal finance, Islamic bank, Malaysia
Credit card fraud and detection techniques: a review
No full textFraud is one of the major ethical issues in the credit card industry. The main aims are, firstly, to identify the different
types of credit card fraud, and, secondly, to review alternative techniques that have been used in fraud detection. The
sub-aim is to present, compare and analyze recently published findings in credit card fraud detection. This article
defines common terms in credit card fraud and highlights key statistics and figures in this field. Depending on the type
of fraud faced by banks or credit card companies, various measures can be adopted and implemented. The proposals
made in this paper are likely to have beneficial attributes in terms of cost savings and time efficiency. The significance
of the application of the techniques reviewed here is in the minimization of credit card fraud. Yet there are still ethical
issues when genuine credit card customers are misclassified as fraudulent
Letter to James N. Elkins from Mayor William Card: 1995-05-19
No full textLetter from Mayor William Card to James N. Elkins in response to previous correspondence. Document includes Executive Summary of Redesign of State and Local System for Indigent Health Care.https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/hcard/1048/thumbnail.jp
Letter From Mayor William Card to James N. Elkins: 1996-03-05
No full textLetter From Mayor William Card to James N. Elkins regarding funding protection and development of medical education programs. Document includes correspondences from James Elkins and Kenneth Ashworth.https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/hcard/1076/thumbnail.jp
Non-price competition in credit card markets through bundling and bank level benefits
No full textThe attempts to explain the high and sticky credit card rates have given rise to a vast literature on credit card markets. This paper endeavors to explain the rates in the Turkish market using measures of non-price competition. In this market, issuers compete monopolistically by differentiating their credit card products. The fact that credit cards and all other banking services are perceived as a bundle by consumers allows banks to deploy also bank level characteristics to differentiate their credit cards. Thus, credit card rates are expected to be affected by the features and service quality of banks. Panel data estimations also control for various costs associated with credit card lending. The results show significant and robust effects of the non-price competition variables on credit card rates.Credit Cards, Monopolistic Competition, Product Differentiation, Bundling, Bank Pricing Behavior, Regulation
Toward a theory of merchant credit card acceptance
No full textIn this article, we construct a two-period model to investigate what market conditions would support a credit card equilibrium given two commonly observed credit card pricing conventions consumers rarely are charged higher prices for using their credit cards and if they payoff their credit card obligations every month, they enjoy interest-free short-term credit. The results of the model indicate that when the card issuer's cost of funds is not too high and the merchant's profit margin is sufficiently high, a credit card equilibrium can exist. We also and that the credit-issuer's ability to charge higher merchant discount fees depends on the number of customers gained when credit cards are accepted. Thus, credit cards exhibit characteristics of network goods.Credit cards ; Payment systems
Smart card systems: managing risks and modelling security protocols using SystemC and Transaction Level Modelling
No full textSmart cards are examples of advanced chip technology. They allow information transfer between the card holder and the system over secure networks, but they contain sensitive data related to both the card holder and the system, that has to be kept private and confidential.The aim of the research is to conduct a risk management programme on the smart cards systems that are employed in e-business systems, suggest the best safeguards to be applied to better secure the smart card systems depending on the services and applications the smart card serves, and produce a simulation tool using a high level of abstraction programming language to be able to test the robustness of the proposed solutions.The study contributions are producing a Risk Analysis Guide specifically on smart card systems to support managerial decision making, modelling the current and proposed smart card systems including modelling the possible attacks using the Unified Modelling Language (UML) diagrams, and developing an executable model using SystemC and Transaction Level Modelling (TLM)extensions, which is a new way of modelling and testing smart card systems security.The security objectives have to be considered during the early stages of systems development and design; an executable model will give the designer the advantage of identifying vulnerabilities at an early stage, and therefore enhance the system security. The developed model is used to examine the effectiveness of number of authentication mechanisms with different probabilities of failure. Numbers of probable attacks on the current security protocol are modeled to identify vulnerabilities. The executable model shows that the smart card system security protocols and transactions need further improvement to withstand different types of security attacks
The Failure of Price Competition In The Turkish Credit Card Market
No full textThe failure of competition and the consequent high and sticky interest rates in credit card markets have been the subject of a considerable amount of debate and research lately. This paper presents the first regression testing for the existence of price competition in a credit card market to be estimated free of dynamic panel bias using recent quarterly data from Turkey. The estimation reveals that even though the effect of the cost of funds on credit card rates is statistically significant, it is very weak. The paper thus provides empirical evidence for the failure of price competition in the Turkish credit card market.Credit Cards, Price Competition, System GMM, Banking
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