1,721,061 research outputs found

    Le talpe dell’Italia centro-meridionale.

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    OPEN ACCESS DATA REPOSITORY OF LATE-PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE PALEO-SHORELINES ALONG THE ANTARCTIC PENINSULA AND SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS COASTS

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    Zingaro M., Baroni C., Capolongo D., Mastro-nuZZi g., salvatore M.C., sCiCChitano g. & vaCChi M.,Open access data repository of Late-Pleistocene and Holocene paleo-shorelines along the Antarctic Peninsula and South Shetland Islands coasts. (IT ISSN 0391-9838, 2021).An improved understanding of the chronology of Antarctic ice sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) represents a fundamental tool to better define the origin of past and future meltwa-ter influx in the global oceans. Relict shorelines and other evidence of past Relative Sea Level (RSL) evolution were widely used to understand past ice sheet history and to improve predictions of climate-controlled sea level evolution. In the last decades, RSL data in the Antarctic region have been mostly produced using a wide range of geomorphic evidence such as beach and marine deposits, marine terraces and isolation ba-sins. However, the lack of a geographic common framework that in-cludes data derived from different sources, limits the accessibility to the information. Here we present a new cartographic approach to cre-ate an open access geodatabase of the postglacial paleo-shorelines by using a standard collecting pattern. Cartographic Antarctica Reposito-ry (CAR) includes RSL data along the coasts of the Antarctic Peninsula and South Shetland Islands. Results show the advantages to use CAR for integrating data and supporting spatial analyses, by representing an easy and usable tool for the improvement of shoreline evolution defini-tion and the planning of Antarctic coast investigations. CAR is dynam-ic repository project that will be further expanded on other Antarctic regions too, integrating fully into the wide reference context of the free access Antarctic datasets

    Weathering processes and rates of scarp retreat in a Mediterranean mountain environment: A multi-analytical approach from terrestrial laser scanning to microscale surveys

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    Estimating the rates of Earth surface processes may provide a deeper comprehension of landscape shaping at different spatial/temporal scales in the light of ongoing or future climate changes and geomorphological hazards. This study explores the use of terrestrial laser scanner combined with macro/micromorphological and compositional analyses to assess three-year surface and volume changes on three granodiorite scarps in a Mediterranean upland environment (Sila Massif, Italy), estimate erosion/accumulation rates and relate them to specific geomorphic processes, weathering patterns and grades. The three scarps, affected by intermediate to high weathering grade classes, respond differently according to aspect and grain size. On coarser-grained granite of the W-facing, scarp 1 rounded weathering patterns developed because of the moister, less insolated conditions. On the finer-grained rocks of the SE-facing scarp 2, with prolonged insolation and temporary moisture, angular patterns prevail. Fine vs. coarse weathered material detached from the scarps is facilitated by prevalent chemical or physical rock degradation processes. On scarp 3, the coexistence of zones affected by pronounced physical breakdown and others influenced by pervasive chemical weathering is due to intermediate microclimatic conditions brought about by varying E and NE-facing aspect of the scarp. Rock jointing likely controls rockfall processes. The average retreat/advance rates of the scarps range from n x 10-6 to 10-2 m yr- 1, with net erosion rates in the range 1 x 10- 2-3 x 10-4 m yr- 1 and are consistent with literature data. 3D models also allow the assessment of pre-failure landslide processes affecting the scarps and their relationships with weathering

    Morphometry of drainage basins and stream networks as an indicator of active fold growth (Gorm anticline, Fars Province, Iran)

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    The Zagros Folded belt, as one of the most tectonically active areas in the world, contains NW–SE trending whaleback anticlines that are growing vertically and laterally. Morphometric indices are widely used in tectonic geomorphological research because of their low cost and relative ease of application. Drainage basins and their networks adapt to tectonically induced changes in surface slope, and hence their qualitative and quantitative analysis can reveal aspects of active anticlinal growth. This study evaluates the morphometric properties of drainage basins and their networks developed on the fold limbs, using this quantitative data to detect lateral propagation of the Gorm anticline in the Zagros Simply Folded Belt (ZSFB). The Gorm anticline was considered to be suitable for this approach because of the variability of drainage basins and their networks along the axis of the anticline and also transversely across its forelimb and backlimb. The morphometric properties of stream networks including drainage density (Dd), drainage frequency (Df), ratio of 1st-order streams to the total number of streams of all orders (N1/N), length of 1st-order streams (L1), spacing ratio (R) of main streams on flanks, and drainage patterns were analyzed in three zones of the anticline (southeastern (SE), central, and northwestern (NW)). Also, the morphometric indices of drainage basins such as basin area (Ba), shape (Bs), asymmetry factor (AF), hypsometric integral (HI), a new proposed crescentness index (CI), and sinuosity of anticline divide (SAD) were evaluated. Results show that an increase in N1/N ratio and L1 from the center towards both the southeastern and northwestern fold noses suggests lateral growth of the anticline towards the southeast and northwest. The SE and NW zones are characterized by the smaller, elongated and crescent-shaped basins, lower elevations, lower dip slopes, higher hypsometric integral, and lower sinuosity of anticline ridge. These results collectively suggest that the southeastern and northwestern fold noses are younger, less eroded and laterally growing. The formation of crescent-shaped basins with asymmetric forked drainages developed in the SE and NW zones are considered to be useful indicators of lateral growth of the Gorm anticline. Although higher values of Ba, SAD, Df and S indexes in the central part of the fold can be attributed to the older relative age of this area, the activity of the Nezamabad Fault and the exposure of some weak rocks also play some roles in explaining the increase the values of parameters. Overall, the N1/N, L1, CI, SAD indexes, as well as the fan-shaped and asymmetric forked drainage pattern are the most useful tectonic geomorphological criteria to detect lateral propagation of anticlines
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