1,721,487 research outputs found
Tra politica e medicina: la storia della malaria in Italia
No full textIn Politics and medicine. The history of malaria in Italy - Mauro Capocci discusses a recent book by Frank Snowden, who reconstructs the history of the struggle against malaria in Italy during the 20th century, and Eugenia Tognotti’s study of that sickness in Sardinia. Until 1970 malaria was endemic in Italy, concentrated traditionally in river plains and along the coasts, but with a lower mortality in North Italy because of the cold winter climate and drainage of the marshland areas. The two studies are notable not only for the history of medicine and science, but because of the attention they pay to the social and political aspects of the struggle against malari
Tropical Medicine, the Nation, and the Colonial Expansion in the View of Italian Royal Navy Physicians at the End of the Nineteenth Century
No full textTropical Medicine, the Nation, and the Colonial Expansion in the View of Italian Royal Navy Physicians at the End of the Nineteenth Century
Mauro Capocci & Daniele Cozzoli
Chapter
First Online: 21 February 2024
23 Accesses
Part of the book series: Medicine and Biomedical Sciences in Modern History ((MBSMH))
Abstract
This chapter explores the connections between two contemporary historical phenomena that Italian historiography has poorly connected hitherto: the colonial expansion towards East and North Africa and the emigration towards the Americas. In our research, we adopt a fixed point, that of biomedicine. We focus on Navy physicians, who worked aboard ships sent on military missions around the globe and emigration service vessels, between 1882 and 1915. This perspective allows us to see the complex relationships between colonialism, emigration, and the creation of the Italian nation in the context of the development of the European colonial empires. The study of Navy physicians’ writings also allows for the observation of the subaltern angle, since Navy doctors reported on local communities, describing how they perceived the colonialists, as well as how the Italian immigrants related to them.
During the Age of Empire, Navy physicians tended to act as collectors of knowledge on indigenous peoples but also on other nations’ colonial organization and other nations’ health institutions. The physicians of the Italian Royal Navy also served as agents of the colonial-nationalist lobby, encouraging more or less explicitly the colonial expansion. They presented themselves as the agents of peaceful penetration, both in the colonies and in the areas in which the Italian emigration was unfolding. They also made suggestions to the military and political authorities, which transcended the limits of their professional activity. In doing so, their reports reveal interesting facets of the Italian liberal elites as well as of this unique group, which combined the values of a scientific and medical elite with those of a military body
Adriano Buzzati-Traverso
No full textAd ria no Buzzati- Traverso è stato uno dei principali esponenti della prima generazione di genetisti e biologi molecolari in Italia. A lui si devono molti sforzi, dopo la Seconda guerra mondiale, per l’ innovazione dell’organizzazione della ricerca nel Paese e per la diffusione della cultura scientifica. Fautore del necessario processo di internazionalizzazione della ricerca, anche a livello europeo è stato uno dei pri ncipali promotori della cooperazione continentale, contribuendo attivamente alla fond azione di alcune delle is tit uzioni sovranazionali nel campo delle scienze della vita . La sua figura è stata quindi fondamentale per la modernizzazione della cultura italian
The Third Ten Years of the World Health Organization: 1968-1978
No full textRecensione a: The Third Ten Years of the World Health Organization: 1968-1978 Socrates Listios, WHO, 200
The Golden Age of Human Genetics in Italy.
No full textAfter the Second World War, human genetics in Italy had to cover a gap with respect to the
International scientific community. Some older researchers were still tied to the old concepts of human genetics
and eugenics, while a new generation of scientists slowly managed to introduce the new concepts and methods of
human population genetics. The first part of the paper will discuss the “old school” of human genetics, while
subsequent paragraphs will focus on three lines of research: immunogenetics, human medical genetics and human
population genetics. These three strands mainly developed respectively in Turin (with Ruggero Ceppellini), Rome
and Naples (with Giuseppe Montalenti), and Pavia (where the group headed by Adriano Buzzati-Traverso
was). The paper describes the growth and the achievements of this small groups of researchers, characterising three
different research lines that rapidly reached a level of international excellence and later became a major part of
anthropological staudies. Notwithstanding enormous difficulties, these pioneering scientists managed to leave
important legacies
Network internazionali e modernizzazione italiana. Ruggero Ceppellini, la genetica e l’HLA
No full textThe paper reconstructs the scientific career of Ruggero Ceppellini, focusing especially on his role in the discovery of the genetic system underlying the Human Leucocyte Antigen. From his earliest investigations in blood group genetics, Ceppellini quickly became an internationally acknowledged authority in the field of immunogenetics--the study of genetics by means of immunological tools--and participated to the endeavor that ultimately yelded a new meaning for the word: thanks to the pioneering research in the HLA field, immunogenetics became the study of the genetic control of immune system. The paper will also place Ceppellini's scientific work against the backdrop of the modernization of Italian genetics after WWII, resulting from the efforts of a handful of scientists to connect to international networks and adopting new methodologies in life sciencesThe paper reconstructs the scientific career of Ruggero Ceppellini, focusing especially on his role in the discovery of the genetic system underlying the Human Leucocyte Antigen. From his earliest investigations in blood group genetics, Ceppellini quickly became an internationally acknowledged authority in the field of immunogenetics – the study of genetics by means of immunological tools – and participated to the endeavor that ultimately yelded a new meaning for the word: thanks to the pioneering research in the HLA field, immunogenetics became the study of the genetic control of immune system. The paper will also place Ceppellini’s scientific work against the backdrop of the modernization of Italian genetics after WWII, resulting from the efforts of a handful of scientists to connect to international networks and adopting new methodologies in life sciences
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