1,721,926 research outputs found
Anthropometric Studies of Inner Canthal Distance, Outer Canthal Distance and Canthal Index of Adult Ibibios
Full text linkAbstract: Outer canthal distance, Inner canthal distance and canthal index are important component of craniofacial anthropometry. Craniofacial anthropometry is vital in making a precise and systematic measurement of the human skull. Eight hundred (800) adults comprising 400 males and 400 females were used for this study. The subjects were measured for inner and outer canthal distances using a non-stretchable plastic ruler and the canthal index was obtained as the ratio of inner canthal distance and the outer canthal distance multiplying the resultant fraction by 100. The results showed that Ibibio males and females had inner canthal distances of 3.52 and 3.36 cm, respectively, outer canthal distances of 11.15cm for male Ibibios and 10.73 cm for the females. Mean canthal index for both males and females was 31.64 and 31.47, respectively. The canthal index of Ibibio males is higher than that of females (p<0.05) using Z-test. This study will be useful in anthropology and medicine most especially in craniofacial surgery
Lateral Canthal Tendon Disinsertion: Clinical Characteristics and Anatomical Correlates
No full textTo highlight features of lateral canthal tendon disinsertion (LCTD), provide an algorithm for systematic assessment, and describe the anatomic genesis of signs and symptoms.
Retrospective case series of consecutive patients with lateral canthal tendon disinsertion, who underwent lateral canthal tendon fixation by a single surgeon (DTT) between 2004 and 2011.
One hundred and seventeen eyes in 90 patients underwent lateral canthal tendon fixation. Average age was 69.3 ± 17.9 years. Twenty-three percentage of eyes had undergone lower eyelid blepharoplasty and 52% had undergone lateral canthal tightening; 35% had no previous periocular surgery. Patients with purely involutional lateral canthal tendon disinsertion were significantly older (76.1 ± 7.8 years of age; p < 0.03). Six key features associated with lateral canthal tendon disinsertion were identified. On static evaluation: 1) a blunted or vertically displaced lateral canthal angle; 2) a narrow horizontal fissure with reduced temporal scleral triangle; and 3) pseudo eyelid retraction. On dynamic evaluation with attempted closure: 4) medial and inferior movement of the lateral commissure; 5) incomplete apposition of the eyelid margins in the absence of anterior lamellar shortage; and 6) temporal eyelid imbrication. Improved blink dynamics with manual lateral canthal tendon complex repositioning ("the thumb test") predicted a favorable outcome with surgical tightening in 95.7% of cases.
Lateral canthal tendon disinsertion results in altered eyelid fissure symmetry, blink dynamics, and lacrimal pump function. The authors recommend the mnemonic-A.B.C.: for Aperture configuration, Blink dynamics, and eyelid Closure-to structure the examination of all symptomatic patients. Manual restoration of the disinserted lateral canthal tendon with the "thumb test" predicts favorable outcomes with surgical fixation
The Significance of Inner Canthal distance in Prosthodontics.
No full textSeveral anthropometric facial measurements have been suggested to aid in the estimation of the overall width of the maxillary six anterior teeth for edentulous patients. However, the inner canthal distance, which is an important anthropometric parameter, has not been investigated or reported. The inner canthal distance is the distance between the medial angles of the palpebral fissures. The relationship amongst the inner canthal distance, inter-alar width and the combined width of the maxillary anterior teeth of 310 subjects was investigated. The results indicated that the combined width of maxillary six anterior teeth may be estimated by multiplying the inner canthal distance by a factor of 1.35.King Saud Universit
Simplified technique for lateral canthal tendon canthopexy.
Full text linkPurpose: Different techniques for lateral canthal suspension have been used in the management of various eyelid malpositions. We describe a simplified technique for lateral canthal suspension and review its outcome along with a review of existing variations.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 28 eyelids in 22 patients who underwent simplified lateral canthal suspension. Demographics, symptoms at presentation, and associated eyelid malposition were noted. We evaluated the palpebral fissure and margin-reflex distance 2 (MRD2) on the preoperative and final postoperative photographs by using MEEI FACE-gram software. We also reviewed existing literature on different surgical management options for comparison.
Results: At three-month postoperative follow-up, presenting symptoms resolved in all cases. The average postoperative decease in palpebral fissure was 0.73 mm (P = 0.018) and the average decrease of the MRD2 was 1.02 mm (P = 0.0003). Recurrence occurred by three months in one eyelid (4%) with ectropion due to moderate eyelid laxity, and this case was managed with tarsal strip procedure. One patient (5%) who had bilateral surgery had asymmetric lower eyelid position and one patient (5%) had persistent edema of the operated eyelid for six months.
Conclusion: This simplified canthal suspension is a simple and effective technique that tightens the lateral canthal tendon and improves the lower eyelid position. It can be used in various mild-to-moderate eyelid laxities and has favorable operative characteristics compared with many existing techniques.VoRSUNY DownstateOphthalmology and Visual SciencesN/
The significance of inner canthal distance in prosthodontics
No full textSeveral anthropometric facial measurements have been suggested to aid in the estimation of the overall width of the maxillary six anterior teeth for edentulous patients. However, the inner canthal distance, which is an important anthropometric parameter, has not been investigated or reported. The inner canthal distance is the distance between the medial angles of the palpebral fissures. The relationship amongst the inner canthal distance, inter-alar width and the combined width of the maxillary anterior teeth of 310 subjects was investigated. The results indicated that the combined width of maxillary six anterior teeth may be estimated by multiplying the inner canthal distance by a factor of 1.35
The transnasal bilobed flap for medial canthal reconstruction
No full textReconstruction of the eyelids, especially medial canthal area, is one of the greatest challenges faced by the oculoplastic, head and neck surgeons. A patient with a medial canthal defect, following oncological resection involving the medial canthus, upper and lower eyelids, and nose is presented. The defect was reconstructed using a transnasal bilobed flap. The transnasal bilobed flap is a simple and effective for medial canthal reconstruction and provides in one-time reconstruction and preserves the local anatomy
Medial canthal reconstruction with multiple local flaps
No full textBackground: It is often difficult to reconstruct comparatively large defects in the medial canthal region. The authors have performed reconstruction with multiple local flaps in 4 medial canthal defects after resection of malignant skin tumors.
Method: The defects exceeded the medial canthal region, extending to the upper eyelid and the lower eyelid. The medial canthal defect was covered by transposition of a glabellar flap, the upper eyelid defect was covered by an upper eyelid myocutaneous advancement flap, and the lower eyelid defect was covered by a cheek rotation flap. Then the donor site of the glabellar flap was covered by a Rintala flap.
Results: There was no recurrence in any of the cases, and good results were obtained. One case showed mild linear contracture, but the patient did not want corrective surgery.
Conclusion: This method is somewhat complicated compared to reconstruction with a single flap, but it is a combination of standard local flaps and is a simple reconstructive procedure. By adding additional resection, the suture line is consistent with the border of the facial unit, so postoperative scarring is inconspicuous. This technique is aesthetically useful because of the continuity of colour and texture resulting from the use of adjacent flaps
Effect of Eyelid Involvement in the Reconstruction of Medial Canthal Defects
No full textThe purpose of this study was to present surgical techniques for the reconstruction of medial canthal defects with and without the involvement of the eyelid. This study included 31 patients who underwent medial canthal reconstruction after tumor excision during a 6-year period. Data regarding patient demographics, defect size, tumor pathology, surgery techniques, functional and cosmetic outcomes, and complications were recorded. The reconstructive methods used in the study were divided into groups as per the site of the defect (medial canthal, medial canthal with upper eyelid, medial canthal with lower eyelid, and medial canthal with both eyelids). The most common histopathological diagnosis of the lesions was basal cell carcinoma (74.2%). Postoperative complications (6.4%) included flap necrosis in one patient and lid margin notching in another. Among patients who underwent reconstruction, 8 (25.8%) had only medial canthal defect, 6 (19.3%) had medial canthal defect extending to the upper eyelid, 7 (22.6%) had medial canthal defect extending to the lower eyelid, and 10 (32.3%) had medial canthal defect extending to both the eyelids. The functional outcome was regarded as normal in 30 (96.8%) patients and limited in 1 (3.2%) patient. Cosmetic outcomes were satisfactory in all the patients. The use of alternative reconstructive approaches for different subunits of the medial canthus is an efficient method to achieve superior functional and cosmetic outcomes
Surgical correction of medial canthal widening associated with aging: two case reports
Full text linkMedial canthal widening due to aging is a frequent concern among elderly individuals, often resulting in cosmetic dissatisfaction. This condition commonly involves caruncle exposure and elongation of the medial canthus, sometimes requiring surgical intervention. While medial epicanthoplasty is commonly used to address medial canthal deformities, age-related changes call for a modified approach to optimize aesthetic results. We present two cases of elderly patients whose medial canthal widening was corrected using a modified V-Y advancement flap combined with medial canthal tendon tightening. This technique involves elevating a V-flap and suturing the pretarsal orbicularis oculi muscle and medial canthal tendon to restore medial canthal contour. In one case, an 85-year-old man with unilateral caruncle exposure experienced marked cosmetic improvement post-surgery. In the second case, a 71-year-old woman with bilateral medial canthal widening also reported significant improvement. Both patients had no complications and expressed satisfaction with their postoperative appearance. This surgical approach effectively reduced caruncle exposure and enhanced eye shape with no recurrence or wound healing problems. Medial canthal widening from aging can be successfully treated with a V-Y advancement flap and medial canthal tendon tightening, offering elderly patients a dependable solution with favorable cosmetic results
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