1,721,032 research outputs found
A multi-spectroscopic study for the characterization and definition of production techniques of German ceramic sherds
No full textThe aim of this archaeometric study is to recover information regarding technological processes and raw materials used for the production of ceramic sherds coming from five central and Eastern German sites, between Lower Saxony and Saxony states. The ceramic fragments have been investigated by a multi-spectroscopic approach: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), micro-Raman spectroscopy and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) were employed to characterize both ceramic bodies and glazes. Moreover the innovative application of Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) on ceramic findings has been proposed and evaluated. Chemical and mineralogical composition, as well as microstructure, of ceramic mixture and glaze are correlated to native material composition and firing temperature, which have become a fundamental features in archaeometric research and play a key role in understanding the provenance of the pottery and its production techniques.The multi-spectroscopic approach applied in this work has enabled the ability to characterize the ceramic sherds and to investigate through non-destructive techniques both ceramic glaze and matrix giving information regarding the raw materials and pigments/colourants used, and regarding firing temperature and technology. The present study carried on using complementary methods suggests different raw material sources and temperature kilns. These data are in agreement with the location of ceramic sites and with data in literature. Furthermore, the interesting results suggest that non-destructive techniques, such as LIF and Raman spectroscopy, are promising methods for ceramic and glaze characterization. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.
Characterization and discrimination of plastic materials using laser-induced fluorescence
No full textThe most meaningful spectral components in laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) spectra for several different commercial plastics have been individuated and used to automatically discriminate among different plastic materials and between plastics and complex organic materials, such as woods. Starting from LIF measurements on known samples, a number of significant wavelengths have been identified by principal component analysis (PCA). These have been used to produce intensity ratios functional to the discrimination. Threshold values for such ratios have been individuated in order to obtain an automatic recognition of plastics. The work done has been preparatory to the design and development of a multispectral imaging LIF system for fast detection of plastic debris in a post-blast scene. © The Author(s) 2016
Campagna di misure LIF su reperti antichi di origine egizia
Full text linkLa disponibilità di informazioni più complete possibili sullo stato di conservazione delle opere d’arte in tempi rapidi può rappresentare un grande vantaggio per l’ottimizzazione delle azioni di conservazione e restauro. A tale scopo, l’uso di specifiche tecniche laser come strumenti diagnostici può risultare particolarmente vantaggioso nel campo dei Beni Culturali. Diversi prototipi basati su tecniche laser sono stati sviluppati all’ENEA ed applicati per analizzare differenti tipi di opere d’arte da diversi punti di vista, dalle modifiche strutturali al degrado chimico. In questo lavoro, nell’ambito del progetto COBRA (Conservazione di beni Culturali mediante radiazione e tecnologie abilitanti) finanziato dalla Regione Lazio, alcuni antichi reperti Egizi sono stati studiati mediante sistemi LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) a scansione per indagare, seguendo le indicazioni dei restauratori, la presenza di materiali dovuta a precedenti azioni di restauro al fine di ottimizzare il successivo lavoro di restauro.The availability of information on the state of conservation of artworks quickly and as complete as possible can represent a great advantage for the optimization of the conservation and restoration actions. To this aim, the use of specific laser-based techniques as diagnostic tools can be particularly advantageous in the field of Cultural Heritage. Several prototypes based on laser techniques have been developed at ENEA and applied to analyse different kinds of artworks from different points of view,
as structural modification, or chemical degradation. In this work, in the frame of the COBRA (Conservation of Cultural Heritage through Radiation and Enabling Technologies) project, funded by Lazio Region, ancient Egyptian artifacts have been studied by LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) Scanning systems to reveal the presence of materials due to previous restoration actions, following the indication of the restorers, in order to optimize the incoming restoration work
Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanorods with a narrow size distribution
No full textThe development of novel materials for energy harvesting applications or strain sensing has generated great interest towards zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures, and in particular towards the synthesis of ZnO nanowires or nanorods with well controlled morphology and properties. The high-yield mass production of such nanostructures by catalyst-free methods is a crucial aspect to enable a cost-effective large-scale development of new ZnO-based piezoelectric devices and materials. In the present work, we propose a method for the mass-production of high-purity ZnO-nanorods with a uniform size distribution, based on the combination of thermal decomposition of zinc acetate dihydrate and probe sonication in acetone. The quality of the produced ZnO nanorods is assessed through multi-technique characterization using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photo-luminescence spectroscopy (PL). The adopted synthesis method is simple, cost effective and feasible for large-scale production. Various process parameters such as precursor amount and growth time have been found to play an important role in controlling the formation of the as grown nanostructures with high uniformity in size and morphology. Size distribution curves were employed to depict the effect of various process parameters for tailoring the morphology, homogeneity and aspect ratio of the nanorods. Our results reveal that the high crystallographic quality of ZnO nanorods grown by a long-time thermal decomposition method is not affected by probe sonication, which is proposed as a post-synthesis step necessary to produce ZnO nanorod powder with a uniform distribution of diameters and lengths. © 2015 The Royal Society of Chemistry
Analisi di antichi sarcofagi egizi mediante sistemi LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence)
Full text linkI sistemi basati su tecniche laser vengono applicati sempre più diffusamente come strumenti diagnostici nel campo dei Beni Culturali. La possibilità di operare in situ, a distanza, e in modo totalmente non-invasivo, rendono, infatti, l’utilizzo di tali sistemi particolarmente vantaggioso. Allo stesso tempo, la disponibilità di informazioni più complete possibili e ottenibili in tempi rapidi sullo stato di conservazione delle opere d’arte può rappresentare un grande vantaggio per l’ottimizzazione delle azioni di conservazione e restauro. Diversi sistemi LIF sono stati sviluppati all’ENEA per applicazioni nel campo della salvaguardia dell’ambiente, della sicurezza e della conservazione del patrimonio culturale. Questo Rapporto Tecnico illustra l’attività tecnico-scientifica di carattere diagnostico-conoscitivo, propedeutica al restauro di 3 sarcofagi egizi, che è stata svolta in collaborazione con C.R.O.M.A. Srl.Laser based systems have found widespread application as diagnostic tools in the field of Cultural Heritage. The possibility to work in situ, at distance, and to be non-invasive at all, makes the use of such systems very advantageous. At the same time, the availability of information on the state of conservation of artworks quickly and as complete as possible can represent a great advantage for the optimization of the conservation and restoration actions. Several LIF prototypes have been developed at ENEA for applications in the field of the environmental protection, security and Cultural Heritage conservation. This Report illustrates the technical-scientific activity preparatory to the restoration work of three ancient Egyptian Sarcophagi developed in collaboration with C.R.O.M.A. Sr
Influence of ion mass and ion energy on microstructure of ion assisted deposited zinc selenide thin films
No full textZinc selenide thin films have been deposited by an ion beam assisted evaporation system in order to investigate the influence of some deposition parameters, with particular interest on incident ions energy, on film microstructure by means of x-ray diffraction in conventional Bragg-Brentano reflection geometry. Two different ion kinds (Ar and Xe) have been employed during the deposition process in order to analyze the effect of the ion mass on the microstructure of the growing thin film. The correlation of the microstructure and some mechanical properties of films deposited with different parameters has been analyzed. Moreover, thin films composition has been analyzed by Rutherford backscattering technique and the correlation with the energy ions is reported. © 1994, American Vacuum Society. All rights reserved
Worshop Ricerca, sviluppo e applicazioni per i Beni Culturali. Dai risultati del progetto VADUS alle future collaborazioni. Centro Ricerche ENEA Frascati 9-10 maggio 2023
No full textQuesto volume raccoglie le memorie del workshop “Ricerca, sviluppo e applicazioni per i Beni Culturali. Dai risultati del progetto VADUS alle future collaborazioni” che si è svolto a Frascati il 9 e il 10 maggio 2023 e rappresenta un ottimo strumento di divulgazione per i progetti e le attività in corso in ENEA sul tema della salvaguardia, tutela e cura del patrimonio culturale. Sono qui, quindi, presentate le soluzioni tecnologiche innovative, i prototipi high-tech e le infrastrutture di eccellenza che l’Agenzia mette a disposizione di musei, soprintendenze, istituzioni culturali e piccole e medie imprese per la diagnostica, la conservazione e la valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale e paesaggistico italiano. Con questo volume si vuole mettere a fattore comune il lavoro portato avanti da tutti i dipartimenti ENEA a beneficio sia del processo di comunicazione e collaborazione interna che dell’avvio di azioni sinergiche per affrontare nuove sfide e per la preparazione di nuovi percorsi progettuali competitivi da proporre a livello nazionale ed europeo. L’entusiastica partecipazione e il contributo di tutti i colleghi hanno permesso di arrivare al successo dell’evento e alla realizzazione di questo volume e, pertanto, a loro vanno i più sentiti ringraziamenti. Ai quali si aggiungono quelli rivolti ai numerosi ospiti e alle prestigiose istituzioni che sono intervenute alla discussione, avviando nuovi interessanti canali di comunicazione e collaborazione. Tra questi, il Museo Nazionale Etrusco di Villa Giulia, Il Museo Egizio di Torino, il Parco Archeologico di Ostia Antica, la Soprintendenza per la provincia di Viterbo e l’Etruria meridionale
Improvement of ENEA laser-induced fluorescence prototypes: An intercalibration between a hyperspectral and a multispectral scanning system
No full textLaser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is a well-recognised spectroscopic technique used in cultural heritage for non-destructive surface chemical analysis. It is particularly suitable for in situ analysis of delicate items such as artworks because it does not require any sample preparation or contact and can be used at a distance in situations where only optical access is available. Recently, ENEA has developed two LIF prototypes with multispectral (Forlab) and hyperspectral (Lifart) scanning systems that each return different types of results, making them necessary for and dependent on each other. Forlab's motorised optics enable the rapid acquisition of fluorescence maps and images of large surfaces in specific spectral wavelengths, while Lifart returns complete fluorescence spectra, providing the complete spectral information of an object. In this paper, the intercalibration of the two systems is reported together with a data analysis of the calibration samples and a software that automatically corrects imaging data, taking Forlab's filter passband and optical efficiencies into account in order to make these two configurations as easy to compare as possible. The new correcting algorithm is also tested on LIF measurements carried out on an Egyptian casket and sarcophagus, obtaining higher quality fluorescence images
Intercalibration of hyperspectral and multispectral systems for Laser Induced Fluorescence imaging
No full textLaser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) is a well-recognized spectroscopic technique for non-destructive surface chemical analysis. It is particularly suitable for in situ analysis on delicate targets as artworks, because it does not need any sample preparation nor contact, working remotely also where only optical access is available. Hyperspectral systems have the advantage to provide whole spectra of the analysed point, and thanks to motorized optics can produce fluorescence images and map of surfaces. Since the early 2000s ENEA has developed hyperspectral LIF scanning systems. To shorten significantly analysis time, overall on very large CH surfaces as building facades, ENEA DIM Laboratory has developed an imaging multispectral LIF system. Here we present intercalibration, data analysis and software to automatically correct such imaging data and take into account filter’s bandpass and optical efficiencies with respect to systems based on the use of spectrometers, avoiding lack of selectivity and accuracy due to the absence of whole spectra
Report sulla campagna di misure LIF sui frammenti della cosiddetta statua di Apollo nell'ambito del progetto Fragmenta Palatina quaerere
Full text linkNell’ambito di collaborazioni già consolidate tra INFN, ENEA e Parco Archeologico del Colosseo, è stato svolto il progetto intitolato “Fragmenta Palatina quaerere” patrocinato dall'accademia dei Lincei nell’ambito dei progetti del centro CERIF (Centro Linceo di Ricerca sui beni culturali di Villa Farnesina). Il progetto ha come scopo la ricostruzione della statua di Augusto al palatino (o di parte di essa) a partire dai frammenti marmorei presenti nell’area della Villa di Augusto. Da precedenti studi è risultato che i frammenti possano però essere afferenti a più statue. Quindi il lavoro presenta due principali difficoltà: la prima è distinguere i molti frammenti in classi di appartenenza ai diversi monumenti, la seconda è ricostruire la geometria e la morfologia della statua di Apollo. Tale difficoltà è amplificata dal fatto che i frammenti disponibili non sono sicuramente esaustivi del monumento, ma non si ha una misura della quantità di materiale mancante. Mentre l’INFN, utilizzando scansioni tridimensionali dei frammenti, precedentemente realizzati da una ditta privata su commissione del Parco Archeologico, si è proposto di applicare reti neuronali al fine di valutare la compatibilità morfologica dei singoli frammenti tra loro, il Laboratorio di Diagnostica e Metrologia dell’ENEA ha svolto un’analisi dei reperti tramite sistemi a scansione per la Fluorescenza Indotta da Laser (LIF) accoppiati a metodi di analisi multivariata per la classificazione dei frammenti marmorei. Nel presente report sono riportati i risultati ottenuti nell’ambito di questa attività da parte dell’Enea.As part of the already consolidated collaborations among INFN, ENEA and the Colosseum Archaeological Park, the project entitled “Fragmenta Palatina quaerere” was carried out, sponsored by the Accademia dei Lincei as part of the projects of the CERIF center (Lincean Research Center on cultural heritage of Villa Farnesina). The project aims to reconstruct the statue of Apollus on the Palatine (or part of it) starting from the marble fragments present in the area of the Villa of Augustus. Previous studies have shown that the fragments may, however, belong to multiple statues. Therefore, the work presents two main difficulties: the first one is to distinguish the many fragments into classes of belonging to the different monuments, the second is to reconstruct the geometry and morphology of the statue of Augustus. This difficulty is amplified by the fact that the available fragments are certainly not exhaustive of the monument, but there is no measure of the quantity of missing material. While the INFN, using 3D scans of the fragments, previously carried out by a private company commissioned by the Archaeological Park, proposed to apply neural networks in order to evaluate the morphological compatibility of the individual fragments with each other, the Diagnostics and Metrology Laboratory of 'ENEA carried out an analysis of the finds using Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) scanning systems coupled with multivariate analysis methods for the classification of marble fragments. In the present report the results obtained as part of this activity by ENEA are presented
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