65 research outputs found
Complex systems modeling for supply and demand in health and social care
No full textThis paper introduces a major new cross-disciplinary research project that looks at the UK health and social care system, as part of an ambitious, broader initiative to apply methods from complexity science to a range of key global challenges. This particular project aims to develop new, integrated models for the supply and demand of both health and social care, in the context of the societal change brought about by migration, mobility and the ageing population. We discuss the background to the work, and the broad way in which we intend to leverage complexity science. This is made more specific with a brief discussion on existing demographic models, and some examples of model-building in progress. We conclude with a glimpse into the subtly difficult problems of fostering such innovative interdisciplinarity
Abolition of the Vice-Royalty of Ireland : a letter to the Right Honourable Sir James R.G. Graham, B.T., M.P., (late secretary of state for the home department) : on the best method of giving effect to that measure /
No full text[1] leaf of advertisements at end.Provenance: Inscribed on t.p. "from the Author."Mode of access: Internet.Talbot collection of British pamphlets
Great desire for extended life and health amongst the American public
No full textPeople want to live long, healthy lives. Previous surveys suggest very limited interest in much longer lifespans, but we show that stipulating good health changes responses to favor longer lives by an order of magnitude. Advances in aging research hold out hope for greatly slowed aging with associated good health. Understanding the public's desires correctly is important to avoid misallocation of resources for research
Obstacles on the path: An exposition of the experience of car-free living
No full textThe contemporary focus by local and central government on the promotion of sustainable transport options has highlighted the need for commuting to move away from the current dependence on private cars to more public and active (walking and cycling) modes of transport. Given the prominence of the motor car in personal transport options however, choosing to live car-free in this car dependent culture appears at first glance to be an irrational choice. This research explores the lived experiences of a group of Hamilton residents who have made such a choice. Using a grounded theory approach, the thesis presents the results of interviews with nine car-free Hamilton residents who shared their personal transport stories, which include their childhood experiences, but focus on their current everyday practices and experiences. Through semi-structured interviews, the costs and benefits of a car-free lifestyle are articulated and analysed. Their motivations for choosing to forgo cars and their solutions for overcoming potential barriers to car-free living are also reported and explored. The collected data generated a range of themes which are presented in three chapters, each covering a specific aspect of the participants’ stories. The first group of themes relate to the public sphere, the second to the private realm and the final group emanates from specific elements of car-free living that the thesis sought to clarify through the participants’ stories. The key finding is that living car-free within Hamilton City is viewed by the participants as a well reasoned and eminently sensible choice, which produces multiple benefits. In addition to their reduced environmental footprints, the participants value the social interaction associated with active and public transport. Their consensus is that they are healthier, wealthier and more involved members of the community. The most problematic areas of living without a car were associated with recreational and social activities, which often do not coincide with public transport schedules or involve distances too great for active transport. The benefits far outweigh any disadvantages however, and ultimately, this thesis concludes that a motor car is not necessary for the everyday activities of urban living in Hamilton and any associated inconveniences are not as insurmountable as generally imagined
International Consortium to Classify Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP) senescence definitions: achieving international consensus
No full textWith the global increase in ageing populations, a clear understanding of the physiological and pathological changes associated with ageing is vital for advancing research and clinical practice. Following the World Health Organization’s decision to classify age-related aetiologies, the International Consortium to Classify Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP) was established in 2023, led by Cardiff Metropolitan University.The aim of the ICCARP is to develop a systematic and comprehensive classification system for ageing-related changes including pathologies, diseases, and syndromes. Currently, the ICCARP is in the process of identifying all phenomena that meet the criteria for ageing-related pathologies, to develop proposals for grouping and naming them within a comprehensive classification system. However, during the course of this project, it became evident that certain terms, specifically relating to ‘senescence’, were interpreted and understood in multiple ways, often dependent upon the professional background of an expert and the context in which the term was being used. To achieve our goals, it is vital that we use a universal language when naming and proposing ageing-related changes to provide a clear, unambiguous understanding of the changes and their underlying contribution to maintaining or degrading organismal integrity (physiology versus pathology). Furthermore, establishing clear nomenclature will be advantageous in the wider efforts to unify the study of ageing, and to better align research and clinical practice.The purpose of this letter is to explicitly state the definitions primarily relating to ‘senescence’ that will be used by the ICCARP, as agreed by ICCARP members through consensus meetings in 2024. The terms that will be defined are:1. Normative ageing 2. Senescence3. Cellular senescence, including acute and chronic senescence4. Physiological senescence5. Pathological senescence6. Tissue senescence7. Organ senescence8. Systems senescence9. Organismal senescence<br/
International Consortium on Ageing-Related Pathologies (ICCARP) Audiovestibular Group: fostering international consensus to refine International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) codes for hearing loss across the life course
No full textThe role of DNA methylation in aging, rejuvenation, and age-related disease
No full textDNA methylation is a major control program that modulates gene expression in a plethora of organisms. Gene silencing through methylation occurs through the activity of DNA methyltransferases, enzymes that transfer a methyl group from S-adenosyl-l-methionine to the carbon 5 position of cytosine. DNA methylation patterns are established by the de novo DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) DNMT3A and DNMT3B and are subsequently maintained by DNMT1. Aging and age-related diseases include defined changes in 5-methylcytosine content and are generally characterized by genome-wide hypomethylation and promoter-specific hypermethylation. These changes in the epigenetic landscape represent potential disease biomarkers and are thought to contribute to age-related pathologies, such as cancer, osteoarthritis, and neurodegeneration. Some diseases, such as a hereditary form of sensory neuropathy accompanied by dementia, are directly caused by methylomic changes. Epigenetic modifications, however, are reversible and are therefore a prime target for therapeutic intervention. Numerous drugs that specifically target DNMTs are being tested in ongoing clinical trials for a variety of cancers, and data from finished trials demonstrate that some, such as 5-azacytidine, may even be superior to standard care. DNMTs, demethylases, and associated partners are dynamically shaping the methylome and demonstrate great promise with regard to rejuvenation. © Copyright 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2012
The social lives of lived and inscribed objects: a Lapita perspective
No full textAs James Cook and his men on the Resolution and Discovery sailed through Polynesia and the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America, they were treated to a number of welcome rituals and ceremonial performances. In this paper the author looks beyond the immediate face value of objects to a more rounded understanding of objects and their agency. The author suggests rethinking objects as social interventions and possible events rather than as portals to archaeological information. To do this I will develop a distinction drawn by feminist philosopher Elizabeth Grosz (1994) between lived and inscribed bodies and employ this distinction as a conceptual tool for thinking about the agency of objects, particularly Lapita pottery
Construction of Hong-dae cultural district : cultural place, cultural policy and cultural politics
No full textCho M. Construction of Hong-dae cultural district : cultural place, cultural policy and cultural politics. Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University; 2007.This dissertation examines how the process of creating the "Hong-dae cultural district" in Seoul has involved the mobilisation of various social groups and triggered the (re)institutionalisation of the meaning of "the cultural". It seeks to explicate how a cultural policy project can stimulate the emergence of social groups, which challenge existing policy provisions and laws and lead to the (re)institutionalisation of "Hong-dae culture". In so doing, the author will be able to simultaneously take account of the issues of agency, structure and culture by explicating the relationship between cultural policy and social change
The structure of CrgA from Neisseria meningitidis reveals a new octameric assembly state for LysR transcriptional regulators
No full textThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/
by-nc/2.0/uk/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited - Copyright @ 2009 The Author(s).LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTRs) form the largest family of bacterial regulators acting as both auto-repressors and activators of target promoters, controlling operons involved in a wide variety of cellular processes. The LTTR, CrgA, from the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis, is upregulated during bacterial–host cell contact. Here, we report the crystal structures of both regulatory domain and full-length CrgA, the first of a novel subclass of LTTRs that form octameric rings. Non-denaturing mass spectrometry analysis and analytical ultracentrifugation established that the octameric form of CrgA is the predominant species in solution in both the presence and absence of an oligonucleotide encompassing the CrgA-binding sequence. Furthermore, analysis of the isolated CrgA–DNA complex by mass spectrometry showed stabilization of a double octamer species upon DNA binding. Based on the observed structure and the mass spectrometry findings, a model is proposed in which a hexadecameric array of two CrgA oligomers binds to its DNA target site.This study is funded by the UK Medical Research Council and the Biotechnology
Biological Research Council; MRC Research
Studentship; EPSRC/RSC Analytical Chemistry
Trust Fund studentship
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