1,721,004 research outputs found
A segregation study of panic disorder in families of panic patients responsive to the 35% CO2 challenge
No full textBackground: A genetic component has a role in the etiology of Panic Disorder (PD) and a familial association between PD and CO2 hypersensitivity have been repeatedly described. Methods: Complex segregation analysis was performed on a sample of 165 families of PD probands and on the subgroup homogeneous for CO2 hypersensitivity, using Regressive Logistic Models. The only relatives considered to be affected were those with PD. Relatives have been diagnosed according to Family History Method. Results: A Mendelian hypothesis was compatible with our data, without distinction between different models of transmission. The Akaike's Information Criterion values indicated that the Additive model was the most parsimonious, with a gene frequency of .0005, incomplete penetrance and a phenocopy rate of .00029. By subdividing the families according to the probands' responses to CO2 inhalations, probands of 134 families were hypersensitive to CO2. The analysis performed on this subgroup supported the existence of a SML with a best fit for a Dominant model. Conclusions: A SML account for genetic transmission in PD families and 35% CO2 challenge test may individuate a genetically homogeneous subgroup of patients with PD. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry
The 35% CO2 challenge test in patients with social phobia
No full textPanic disorder (PD) and social phobia (SP) share many clinical, demographic and biological characteristics. To investigate the relationships between the two disorders, the responses to inhalation of a 35% carbon-dioxide (CO2) and 65% oxygen (O-2) gas mixture were assessed. Sixteen patients with PD, 16 patients with SP, 13 patients with both SP and PD, seven patients with SP who experienced sporadic unexpected panic attacks and 16 healthy control subjects inhaled one vital capacity of 35% CO2 or compressed air. A double-blind, randomized, crossover design was used. PD patients and SP patients showed similar anxiogenic reactions to 35% CO2, both stronger than seen in control subjects. Patients with both disorders and SP patients with sporadic unexpected panic attacks reacted similarly to subjects with PD or SP alone. These results suggest that PD and SP share a common hypersensitivity to CO2 and thus might belong to the same spectrum of vulnerability. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science ireland Ltd
HYPERSENSITIVITY TO INHALATION OF CARBON-DIOXIDE AND PANIC ATTACKS
No full textThirteen healthy subjects with infrequent panic attacks and without agoraphobia who did not meet DSM-III-R criteria for panic disorder, 43 patients with panic disorder, and 43 healthy control subjects who never experienced panic attacks underwent one vital capacity inhalation of 35% CO2. Healthy subjects with infrequent panic attacks reacted similarly to patients with panic disorder and more strongly than healthy subjects who never experienced panic attacks. The results suggest that (a) subjects with sporadic unexpected panic attacks and patients with panic disorder belong to the same spectrum of vulnerability and (b) CO2 hypersensitivity might be a trait marker of panic attacks rather than of a clinical diagnosis of panic disorder
Anxiety sensitivity and 35% CO2 reactivity in patients with panic disorder
No full textObjective: The present study examines the possible relationships between anxiety sensitivity (AS) and reactivity to the 35% carbon dioxide (CO2) challenge in panic disorder (PD). Methods: One-hundred eight patients with PD underwent the 35% CO2 challenge and completed the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI). Multiple regression analyses were applied to evaluate the role of AS as a predictor Of CO2-induced anxiety. Results: Fifty-six patients with PD showed high AS scores, whereas 48 showed medium scores and 4 low scores. ASI scores significantly predicted symptomatological reaction to CO2 but not subjective induced anxiety. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the fear of anxiety-related bodily sensations was related to the symptomatological reactivity to CO2 but did not seem to play a crucial role in the modulation of the subjective anxiogenic/panicogenic response to hypercapnia in patients with PD. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Panic attacks: A twin study
No full textThe role of genetic factors in panic disorder (PD) and sporadic panic attacks (SPAs) was investigated. A total of 120 twins recruited from the general population were interviewed for the presence of anxiety disorders and SPAs. A significantly higher concordance among MZ than DZ twins was found for PD (73% vs. 0%) but not for SPAs (57% vs. 43%). These results confirm a significant role of genetic factors in PD but suggest that genetic factors might not be crucial for the development of SPAs. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd
Family history of panic disorder and hypersensitivity to CO2 in patients with panic disorder
No full textObjective: The authors investigated the relationships between hypersensitivity to CO2 and familial-genetic risk for panic disorder in patients with panic disorder. Method: Morbidity risks for panic disorder were calculated for families of 203 patients with panic disorder, each of whom was challenged with 35% CO2. Results: Patients who reacted with a positive response to the 35% CO2 challenge showed a genetic risk for panic disorder (morbidity risk=14.4%) that was significantly higher than that for patients who did not react (morbidity risk=3.9%). Conclusions: These findings support the idea that hypersensitivity to CO2 might be associated with a subtype of panic disorder specifically related to a greater familial loading
A segregation study for panic disorder families in which probands are responsive to 35% CO2 challenge test.
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