1,721,183 research outputs found
Nutrition et fonction immunitaire (Nutrition and immune function)
No full textUn déficit énergétique majeur ainsi que celui en un ou plusieurs nutriments tels vitamines A, B6, B12, C, E, acide folique, zinc, cuivre, fer, sélénium, acides aminés essentiels et acides gras essentiels, peut altérer la fonction immunitaire et augmenter la sensibilité aux infections. Cela est lié à l'implication des nutriments dans les réponses moléculaires et cellulaires du système immunitaire. La correction de ces déficits restaure la fonction immunitaire et améliore la résistance aux infections. Ainsi, une nutrition appropriée est nécessaire pour maintenir chez l'hôte des défenses immunes dirigées contre les bactéries, les virus, les champignons, les parasites, les cellules tumorales. Bien que, chez le sujet sain, les quantités de certains nutriments requises pour l'amélioration des fonctions immunes soient plus importantes que les apports recommandés, les excès de ces nutriments peuvent également altérer les fonctions immunitaires. Quelques nutriments (par exemple la glutamine et l'arginine) peuvent devenir limitant au cours des états d'agression, et de plus en plus de données viennent appuyer l'idée que leur apport peut aider à la guérison du patient. A deficiency of total energy or of one or more essential nutrients, including vitamins A, B6, B12, C, and E, folic acid, zinc, iron, copper, selenium, essential amino acids and essential fatty acids, will impair immune function and increase susceptibility of the host to infectious pathogens. This is most likely because these nutrients are involved in the molecular and cellular responses to challenge of the immune system. Providing these nutrients to deficient individuals restores immune function and improves resistance to infection. Thus, appropriate nutrition is required in order for the host to maintain adequate immune defences towards bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and tumour cel circ;s. Although the intakes of several nutrients which result in greatest enhancement of immune function appear to be greater than recommended intakes, excess intake of certain nutrients also impairs immune responses. Some nutrients (e.g. glutamine, arginine) may become limiting in critical illness and there is mounting evidence that provision of these will aid patient recovery
Functional roles of fatty acids and their effects on human health
No full textA variety of fatty acids exists in the diet of humans, in the bloodstream of humans, and in cells and tissues of humans. Fatty acids are energy sources and membrane constituents. They have biological activities that act to influence cell and tissue metabolism, function, and responsiveness to hormonal and other signals. The biological activities may be grouped as regulation of membrane structure and function; regulation of intracellular signaling pathways, transcription factor activity, and gene expression; and regulation of the production of bioactive lipid mediators. Through these effects, fatty acids influence health, well-being, and disease risk. The effects of saturated, cis monounsaturated, ?-6 and ?-3 polyunsaturated, and trans fatty acids are discussed. Although traditionally most interest in the health impact of fatty acids related to cardiovascular disease, it is now clear that fatty acids influence a range of other diseases, including metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Scientists, regulators, and communicators have described the biological effects and the health impacts of fatty acids according to fatty acid class. However, it is now obvious that within any fatty acid class, different members have different actions and effects. Thus, it would seem more appropriate to describe biological effects and health impacts of individual named fatty acids, although it is recognized that this would be a challenge when communicating outside of an academic environment (eg, to consumers
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its treatment with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
No full textOmega 3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia and cognitive impairment
No full textThis is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:Primary objectiveTo evaluate the effect of omega 3 FA supplementation on cognitive functions in patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment.Secondary objectivesTo assess the effect of omega 3 FA on global disease severity, neuropsychiatric symptoms, quality of life and performance of activities of daily living (ADLs) and to assess the safety and acceptability of omega 3 FA supplementation in patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment<br/
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