2,391 research outputs found
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Observation of psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)Using 4.479 x 10(8) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we search for the decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi, where J = 0, 1, 2. The decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi are observed for the first time. The measured branching fractions are B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ)) = (11.7 +/- 2.5 +/- 1.0) x 10(-4), (8.6 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4), (6.9 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4) for J = 0, 1, 2, and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi) = (1.51 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.13)x10(-4), (3.73 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.25)x10(-3), (2.48 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.16)x10(-3) for J = 0, 1, 2, respectively. The ratios of the branching fractions B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ))/B(psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ)) and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi)/B(chi(cJ) -> gamma J/psi) are also reported. Also, the alpha values of helicity angular distributions of the e(+)e(-) pair are determined for psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(c1,2) and chi(c1,2) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
Effect of oxygen tension on the amino acid utilisation of human embryonic stem cells
No full textBackground/aims: human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a potential source of cells for treatment of many degenerative diseases, but in culture have a propensity to spontaneously differentiate, possibly due to suboptimal conditions. Culture at low oxygen tensions improves hESC maintenance and regulates carbohydrate metabolism. Hence, a greater understanding of the nutrient requirements of hESCs will allow production of more appropriate culture media. This study aims to investigate the effect of environmental oxygen tension on the amino acid metabolism of hESCs. Methods: the production or depletion of amino acids by hESCs cultured at 5% or 20% oxygen in the presence or absence of FGF2 was measured by reversephase HPLC. Results: atmospheric oxygen, or removal of FGF2 from hESCs cultured at 5% oxygen, perturbed the uptake or release of individual amino acids and the total amino acid turnover compared to hESCs cultured at 5% oxygen. In particular, serine uptake was reduced at 20% oxygen and by removal of FGF2. Conclusions: highly pluripotent hESCs, cultured at 5% oxygen, demonstrate a greater amino acid turnover than hESCs cultured at 20% oxygen, or without FGF2. These data suggest that amino acid turnover could be used as a measure of the self-renewal capacity of hESC
Asymptotic Stability of a Plane CJ Detonation Wave
No full text. We study the asymptotic stability of a plane CJ detonation wave under the assumption of small resolved heat release (SRHR). We prove that the solution exists globally and that the solution converges uniformly to a shifted CJ detonation wave as t!+ 1 for initial data which are small perturbations of the CJ detonation wave. The weighted energy method is used to overcome the difficulty arising from the sonic property at the end of the reaction. The SRHR model allows us to treat the non-monotone spike in the profile of the CJ detonation wave by the characteristic energy estimate. Key words. CJ detonation, shock wave, traveling wave, sonic point, asymptotic behavior, weighted energy estimate, characteristic energy estimate. AMS(MOS) subject classifications. 35L65, 35B40, 35B50, 76L05, 76J10. Acknowledgments. The author is grateful to Prof. T.-P. Liu for pointing out the reference of Matsumura and Nishihara to her. This work was partially supported by ONR N00014-92-J-1890. 1 Introduc..
Observation of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0)
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)By analyzing (448.1 +/- 2.9) x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the decays of chi(c)(J) -> 4K(S)(0) (J = 0, 1, 2) are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 26.5 sigma, 5.9 sigma and 11.4 sigma, respectively. The product branching fractions of psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ), chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0 )are presented, and the branching fractions of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0) decays are determined to be B-chi c0 -> 4KS0 = (5.76 +/- 0.34 +/- 0.38) x 10(-4), B-chi c1 -> 4KS0 = (0.35 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.03) x 10(-4) and B-chi c2 -> 4KS0( )= (1.14 +/- 0.15 +/- 0.08) x 10(-4), where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic, respectively
"These signs forerun the death or fall of kings": renegotiating masculinities and centrality in Shakespeare's second tetralogy through adaptation, direction and performance (PhD Thesis): [Appendix 1.4] Fall of Kings (2018) - Rehearsal and Production Photographs
No full textThis item contains appendices content relating to the PhD thesis, "These signs forerun the death or fall of kings": renegotiating masculinities and centrality in Shakespeare's second tetralogy through adaptation, direction and performance, by doctoral candidate CJ Turner-McMullan.Fall of Kings is an adaptation of William Shakespeare's Richard II, exploring performed and embodied representations of masculinities, and how performance may subvert binary dichotomies and gendered power onstage. The production was photographed during rehearsals at Bath Spa University and performances at Burdall's Yard, Bath in March 2018.Adapted and directed by CJ Turner-McMullanFight Direction // Russell Eccleston and Tiffany RhodesLighting Design // Annabel EllisSound Design and Composition // Edward TerryPerformers // Toby Underwood, Russell Eccleston, Gabrielle Finnegan, Ross Scott, James Leyshon, Adam Lloyd-James, Mike Harley, Kian Keanu PollardReproduced with permission from CJ Turner-McMullan and Sam Chandler (photographers).All media is copyright restricted. No unauthorised use or distribution without consent of the author. Use of this repository acknowledges cooperation with its policies and relevant copyright law.</p
chi(cJ) polarizations at the Fermilab Tevatron
No full textWe propose the measurement of chi (cJ) polarizations at high energy hadron colliders to study heavy quarkonium production mechanism. We find that the color-singlet model in the k(t) factorization approach predicts very different behavior for chi (cJ) polarizations at the Fermilab Tevatron compared with the NRQCD predictions in the collinear parton model. In the color-singlet k(t) factorization approach, for both chi (c1) and chi (c2) productions, the helicity h = 0 states dominate over other helicity states at large p(T). These properties are very useful in distinguishing between the two production mechanisms which are related to the interesting issue of J psi and psi' polarizations, and may provide a crucial test for the k(t) factorization approach. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000167082100012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)3ARTICLE1-299-10450
QCD radiative corrections to chi(cJ) production at hadron colliders
No full textTo clarify the outstanding problem in charmonium production that existing theories cannot explain the observed cross sections of chi(cJ)(J = 0, 1, 2) and ratio R-chi c = sigma(chi c2)/sigma(chi c1) approximate to 0.75(in contrast to the spin counting value 5/3) at the Tevatron, we study the complete next-to-leading order radiative corrections in nonrelativistic QCD, and find next-to-leading order contributions of P-3(J)vertical bar 1 vertical bar are more important than leading order at high p(T), and P-3(1)vertical bar 1 vertical bar decreases slower than P-3(2)vertical bar 1 vertical bar, implying a natural explanation for the R-chi c puzzle. By fitting R-chi c, the predicted cross sections of chi(cJ) are found to agree with data. The result indicates coloroctet contribution is crucially needed, thus providing a unique test for heavy quarkonium production mechanisms. Feed-down contributions of chi(cJ) to prompt J/psi production are estimated to be substantial, about 30%-40% at p(T) = 20 GeV. Production of chi(cJ)(J = 0, 1, 2) at the LHC is also predicted.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000291464100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)71ARTICLE11null8
Precise measurement of spin-averaged chi(cJ)(1P) mass using photon conversions in psi(2S)->gamma chi(cJ)
No full textBeijing Electron-Positron Collider. The chi(cJ)(1P) states (J = 0, 1, 2) are clearly observed, and their masses and the spin-averaged chi(cJ) mass are determined to be M-chi c0 = 3414: 21 +/- 0.39 +/- 0.27, M-chi c1 = 3510.30 +/- 0.14 +/- 0.16, M-chi c2 = 3555.70 +/- 0.59 +/- 0.39, and M(P-3(cog)) = 3524.85 +/- 0.32 +/- 0.30 MeV/c(2), respectively.Astronomy & AstrophysicsPhysics, Particles & FieldsSCI(E)0ARTICLE9null7
Supplementation with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids or olive oil in men and women with renal disease induces differential changes in the DNA methylation of FADS2 and ELOVL5 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
No full textBACKGROUND: Studies in animal models and in cultured cells have shown that fatty acids can induce alterations in the DNA methylation of specific genes. There have been no studies of the effects of fatty acid supplementation on the epigenetic regulation of genes in adult humans.METHODS AND RESULTS: We investigated the effect of supplementing renal patients with 4 g daily of either n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) or olive oil (OO) for 8 weeks on the methylation status of individual CpG loci in the 5' regulatory region of genes involved in PUFA biosynthesis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from men and women (aged 53 to 63 years). OO and n-3 LCPUFA each altered (>10% difference in methylation) 2/22 fatty acid desaturase (FADS)-2 CpGs, while n-3 LCPUFA, but not OO, altered (>10%) 1/12 ELOVL5 CpGs in men. OO altered (>6%) 8/22 FADS2 CpGs and (>3%) 3/12 elongase (ELOVL)-5 CpGs, while n-3 LCPUFA altered (>5%) 3/22 FADS2 CpGs and 2/12 (>3%) ELOVL5 CpGs in women. FADS1 or ELOVL2 methylation was unchanged. The n-3 PUFA supplementation findings were replicated in blood DNA from healthy adults (aged 23 to 30 years). The methylation status of the altered CpGs in FADS2 and ELOVL5 was associated negatively with the level of their transcripts.CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that modest fatty acid supplementation can induce altered methylation of specific CpG loci in adult humans, contingent on the nature of the supplement and on sex. This has implications for understanding the effect of fatty acids on PUFA metabolism and cell function
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