6,258 research outputs found
Adoption and diffusion of no tillage practices in Southern Spain olive groves
No full textThis paper analyses the process of adoption of no tillage in South-eastern Spain’s olive groves. Olive tree groves in South-eastern Spain’s mountainous areas are subject to a high risk of soil erosion, which is the main environmental problem for this crop, and have to incur in high costs of soil conservation. This results in a greater difficulty to comply with the practices required to benefit from both the single payment and agri-environmental schemes. In many high-steeped areas, farmers have opted for non-tillage practices as an alternative to other conservation practices. Using our own data from a survey carried out in 2006 among 215 olive tree farmers from the Granada Province in Southern Spain regarding the adoption of soil conservation and management practices, we model the diffusion process of no tillage practices using several specifications (logistic, Gompertz and exponential). We also estimate an ordered probit model to analyse which socio-economic and institutional factors determine the adoption of no tillage. Our results show that 90% of farmers in the area of study perform no tillage with either localized (21%) or no localized (69%) application of weedicides. The diffusion process of no tillage has been very intense since the middle nineties, and has been based on the interactions among farmers in the area of study rather than in external factors such as EU policies or extension services. Among other relevant factors that positively affect the adoption of no tillage practices in general, such as farm size and irrigation, the probability of a farmer adopting no tillage with non-localized application of weedicides increases when there is a relative that will continue with the farming activity, what causes the farmer to incorporate long term effects in his farming decisions, when the farmer is only a manager or when he bought the farm rather than inherited it (i.e. on more professionalized farms), and with his educational level. These results confirm some findings from previous studies in other nearby areas.Spanish olive groves, soil erosion, no tillage, Crop Production/Industries, Land Economics/Use,
Technical Versus Institutional Innovation in Andalusian Olive Tree Orchards: An Adoption Modelling Analysis
No full textA survey carried out among olive tree growers in different districts of southern Spain allows the identification and analysis of factors related with adoption of several technical and institutional innovations. At that respect, a composite numerical index has been performed including all innovations considered, among then the following: changes in orchard structure, non or reduced tillage, use of tree vibrators for harvesting, non conventional methods for fighting pests and diseases, keeping an accounting systems, annual farm planning, level of information and awareness of the European CMO in relation to olive oils, etc. Structural and managerial variables of the orchard and personal characteristics of the grower, related to the composite innovation index, have been identified. In a second step, two similar separate analysis have been made for both technical and institutional innovations, and several conclusions have, finally, been drawn concerning factors that should enhance both types of innovations adoption in Spanish olive orchards.Innovation adoption, institutional and technological innovations, olive tree growers, Crop Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,
Factors Related to the Adoption of Good Agrarian Practices (GAP) in Plastic Covered Horticulture of Southeastern Spain
No full textThe adoption by farmers of Good Agrarian Practices (GAP), that favouring the environment and assure food quality and safety, is being a frequent fact. Considering the plastic covered horticulture, these kind of practices can be of different nature: use of organic fertiliser, made of crops rotations, use of recyclable plastic as greenhouse cover, good management of organic residuals (use of containers), recycling of plastic containers, etc. This paper, wich try to analyse the adoption of GAP by protected vegetable growers, is based on a survey carried out to 114 farmers in the southeast coastline of Spain, asking for the level of adoption of a set of GAP. From the information gathered on the suvey, an aggregated index of adoption has been performed, and the relationship between this index and some structural and managerial characteristics of the greenhouses, and some sociocultural variables of the growers (age, study, agrarian formation, etc) has been analysed, trying to identify factors related to adoption of GAP, which could probably help to design strategies for the increase of the level of GAP adoption in the system.Crop Production/Industries,
Proyecto de ampliación e implementación de mejoras en la eficiencia de proceso en la EDAR de Montcada y Reixac. Provincia de Barcelona
No full textCódigo de proyecto: ICA 11147Xavier Torret Requena; director de proyecto: Javier Jimenez FernándezCurso 2011-2012Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos (ICA)Escuela Politécnica Superio
Gender Needs Awareness and Gender Asymmetry: An Analysis of a Rural Women Survey in Mountainous Areas of South-eastern Spain
No full textAchieving gender symmetry in rural areas is an important target for the European Union. There is no shortage of talent, ideas and energy amongst women in rural areas, nor are there legal constraints. However, a range of cultural obstacles still stand in the way of their full participation in rural development (the persistence of traditional views about women's and men's roles in society, etc.) particularly in the Mediterranean areas. The integration of equal opportunities will no longer be a choice, but it will be an obligation in the design and implementation of rural development programmes and projects. Some European initiatives (NOW, EQUAL, LEADER, etc.) have already been taken to improve rural women's opportunities to participate more actively in economic and public life. In this context, surveying and the data collection will be considered an important preliminary step in the implementation of gender symmetry-focused development policies. In this paper, after briefly discussing the different gender paradigms in rural development, some results of a survey conducted on 304 rural women living in mountainous rural areas of the province of Granada (Southern Spain) are presented. The position of rural women as regards employment, family, socio-cultural, institutional matters, etc., is described. Then women's perception and awareness regarding both practical and strategic gender needs in the area are analysed. Factors related to how women stand with respect to gender needs have been identified using the probit regression model. From the above results, some conclusions have finally been drawn that could be helpful for designing strategies to achieve a better level of gender symmetry in the region, focusing sustainable rural development on a "gender planning" approach.gender needs, rural development, gender asymmetry, Southeastern Spain, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Labor and Human Capital, O18, Q01, R13,
Análisis económico de la erosión del suelo: valoración de los efectos externos en la cuenca del Alto Genil
No full text[EN] The paper presents the economic evaluation of the soil erosion off-farm effects by means of the Choice Experiment method. After a review of the main studies that consider, under a socio-economic point of view, the soil erosion problem an application of the choice experiment to monetary evaluation of the off-farm effects of soil erosion in the Alto Genil watershed (Granada province) is described. The choice experiment method allows the estimation of the values of the most important soil erosion impacts, so that to provide public-decisors with useful information regarding land management. Also, the welfare change experimented by citizens, due to the implementation of soil erosion reduction policies, is investigated. These evaluations will be compared with the subsidy that the regional government grants to farmers that adopt soil conservation measures.[ES] El presente trabajo trata de evaluar los efectos externos de la erosión del suelo mediante el uso del método del Experimento de Elección (EE). Tras una breve revisión de la literatura socioeconómica sobre el problema de la erosión y de los métodos empleados para evaluar sus efectos, se describe una aplicación a la evaluación de los efectos externos de la erosión del suelo en la cuenca del Alto Genil (Granada). El empleo del método del EE permite el cálculo de los valores asociados a los impactos más importantes de la erosión, así como proporcionar al administrador público información útil para la determinación de prioridades de gestión en el contexto de la planificación territorial. También se estima la variación de bienestar que la aplicación de políticas de reducción de la erosión del suelo, y sus efectos externos, induce en los ciudadanos. Dichas valoraciones se compararán con las actuales ayudas que la Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca de la Junta de Andalucía reconoce a los agricultores que adoptan métodos de producción agraria de conservación del suelo.Colombo, S.; Calatrava Requena, J. (2004). Economic analysis of soil erosion: The off-site effects evaluation in the Genil basin. Economía Agraria y Recursos Naturales - Agricultural and Resource Economics. 4(8):21-40. https://doi.org/10.7201/earn.2004.08.02SWORD21404
[Homenaje a Javier del Granado] : 08-09-1966
No full textLuci Rivera de Zabalaga. Ernesto Dasa Ondarza. Eudoro Galindo. Lola Caborda de Requena. Augusto Guzmán. Beatriz Garman de Pedregal. Blanca de Ance de Galindo. Javier del GranadoLectura del poemas de Javier del Granado: Fundación de la ciudad ; Min. 02.08: La muerte del conquistador -- Luci Rivero de Zabalaga, pianista toca dos piezas: Min. 03.33: Nocturno / Chopin -- Min. 07.26: Barcarola / Félix Aranibar -- 12.49: Palabras del Instituto de Cultura Hispánica de Cochabamba al ICH de Madrid -- Min. 13.13: Ernesto Dasa Ondarza dedica unas palabras al ICH de Madrid y cuenta el programa del ICH de Cochabamba -- Min. 18.08: Eudoro Galindo homenajea a Javier del Granado -- Min. 21.10: Lola Caborda de Requena dedica una poesía a Javier del Granado -- Min. 24.56: Palabras de felicitación de Augusto Guzmán -- Min. 26.37: Beatriz Garman de Pedregal da lectura del poema de Javier del Granado El pórtico -- Min. 31.32: Blanca de Ance de Galindo lee unas palabras de Dataniel Torrico y Aguirre en homenaje a Granado -- Min. 32.14: Discurso de Javier del Granado agradeciendo el Laurel de Oro de Poesía -- Min. 36.07: Lectura de poemas del galardonado por Beatriz Garman de Pedregal: MIn. 36.19: Los conquistadores ; Min. 41.57: La leyenda del dorado ; Min. 42.08: Ñuflo de Chaves ; Min. 43.09: La selva ; Min. 43.56: El río ; Min. 44.53: La contiend
THE EFFECTS OF SPOT WATER MARKETS ON THE ECONOMIC RISK DERIVED FROM VARIABLE WATER SUPPLY
No full textWater availability in semiarid regions commonly exhibits patterns of extreme variability. Even in basins with large infrastructure development, some users are subject to low levels of water reliability, incurring economic losses during periods of scarcity. More flexible instruments, such as voluntary exchanges of water among users, may help users reduce their risk exposure. Recent changes in the Spanish water Law have given an initial impulse to allow for lease-out contracts of water use rights. This paper analyses, from theoretical and empirical standpoints, the effect that establishing water markets has on the economic risk caused by water availability variations. The empirical study is performed on an irrigation district of the Guadalquivir Valley (Spain) with fair levels of average water availability but a high probability of periods of extreme scarcity. A non-linear programming model is used to simulate irrigators' behaviour and derive water demand functions. Another spatial equilibrium model is used to compute market exchange and equilibrium. These programming models are combined with statistical simulation techniques. It is shown that the probability distribution of profits for a representative irrigator is modified if water exchanges are authorised, resulting in unambiguous risk reductions. Results also suggests that if the market would be extended to several irrigation districts and users, each characterised by different hydrological risk exposure, the occurrence of extremely low benefits events would become more unlikely. In sum, it is shown that exchanging water in annual spot markets allows for the reduction of farmers' economic vulnerability caused by the variability of water supply across irrigation seasons.Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,
Relationship between woody semi-natural habitats and the family chrysopidae in olive agroecosystem
No full textCoordinadores: Javier Calatrava Requena; José Domingo Sánchez MartínezCongreso Internacional del Olivar y el Aceite de Oliva, los territorios olivareros frente a los cambios socieconómicos y ambientales, Jaén, 26-28 de mayo de 2022.Th e study was funded by the Junta de Andalucía (project P12-AGR-1419 and the postdoctoral contract awarded 3rd September 2020)
Leishmania infantum JPCM5 sequencing reads generated from total RNA by Oxford Nanopore technology
No full textThis project was aimed to sequence total RNA from Leishmania infantum JPCM5 promastigotes using the Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) methodology.
This dataset consists of two Fastq files, generated by MinION Mk1C (ONT) MC-114562 device (Basecalling was performed with MinKNOW (ONT) software model version rma002_70bps_hac@v3, with firmware MinION FPGA 2.4.3, ver. 23.07.12. These files are labelled:
i) LinJ_RNA_ONT_sep2023.fastq, this file contains 575209 reads having an average q-score of 7 or higher.
ii)LinJ_RNA_ONT_sep2023_FAIL.fastq, this file contains 49861 reads that did not pass the filter.
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