923 research outputs found
Risk-taking coping style correlates with SERT SNP290 polymorphisms in free-living great tits
No full textRiyahi S, Carrillo-Ortiz JG, Uribe F, Calafell F, Senar JC. Risk-taking coping style correlates with SERT SNP290 polymorphisms in free-living great tits. Journal of Experimental Biology. 2022: jeb.243342.The coping style of an individual in relation to potentially dangerous situations has been suggested to be inherited in a polygenic fashion, being SERT one of the candidate genes. In this paper, we assessed in free-living great tits Parus major the association between SNP290 in the SERT promoter and three standard fear-related behaviors, namely the response of the birds to a black and white flag fixed to the top of the nest-box, distress calling rate of the birds in the hand once captured and the hissing call of incubating females when approached by a predator. We found a strong association between SNP290 polymorphism and the three risk-taking behaviors, with birds with genotype CT entering faster to the nest box with the flag and displaying more distress calls and less hissing calls. CT birds could therefore be described as more proactive than CC individuals. These results also suggest that hissing behavior should be regarded as a fear-induced shy behavior, and confirm that SERT has an important function in relation to risk aversion behaviors and coping style. © 2022. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
Geographical and social isolation drive the evolution of Austronesian languages
No full textThe origins of linguistic diversity remain controversial. Studies disagree on whether group features such as population size or social structure accelerate or decelerate linguistic differentiation. While some analyses of between-group factors highlight the role of geographical isolation and reduced linguistic exchange in differentiation, others suggest that linguistic divergence is driven primarily by warfare among neighbouring groups and the use of language as marker of group identity. Here we provide the first integrated test of the effects of five historical sociodemographic and geographic variables on three measures of linguistic diversification among 50 Austronesian languages: rates of word gain, loss and overall lexical turnover. We control for their shared evolutionary histories through a time-calibrated phylogenetic sister-pairs approach. Results show that languages spoken in larger communities create new words at a faster pace. Within-group conflict promotes linguistic differentiation by increasing word loss, while warfare hinders linguistic differentiation by decreasing both rates of word gain and loss. Finally, we show that geographical isolation is a strong driver of lexical evolution mainly due to a considerable drift-driven acceleration in rates of word loss. We conclude that the motor of extreme linguistic diversity in Austronesia may have been the dispersal of populations across relatively isolated islands, favouring strong cultural ties amongst societies instead of warfare and cultural group marking
Population history modulates the fitness effects of Copy Number Variation in the Roma
No full textWe provide the first whole genome Copy Number Variant (CNV) study addressing Roma, along with reference populations from South Asia, the Middle East and Europe. Using CNV calling software for short-read sequence data, we identified 3171 deletions and 489 duplications. Taking into account the known population history of the Roma, as inferred from whole genome nucleotide variation, we could discern how this history has shaped CNV variation. As expected, patterns of deletion variation, but not duplication, in the Roma followed those obtained from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Reduced effective population size resulting in slightly relaxed natural selection may explain our observation of an increase in intronic (but not exonic) deletions within Loss of Function (LoF)-intolerant genes. Over-representation analysis for LoF-intolerant gene sets hosting intronic deletions highlights a substantial accumulation of shared biological processes in Roma, intriguingly related to signaling, nervous system and development features, which may be related to the known profile of private disease in the population. Finally, we show the link between deletions and known trait-related SNPs reported in the genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog, which exhibited even frequency distributions among the studied populations. This suggests that, in general human populations, the strong association between deletions and SNPs associated to biomedical conditions and traits could be widespread across continental populations, reflecting a common background of potentially disease/trait-related CNVs.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (grant numbers CGL2016-75389-P (MINEICO/FEDER, UE), PID2019-106485 GB-I00/AEI/10. 13039/501100011033 (MINEICO), and “Unidad María de Maeztu” (CEX2018-000792-M) to FC and DC; and Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de la Recerca (Generalitat de Catalunya, grant 2017SGR00702)
Parodia y deporte en Quo Vadis, Sànchez?, de Francesc Trabal
No full textResumen:
El presente artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar la importancia de la parodia en Francesc Trabal a través del análisis de la novela Quo vadis Sànchez?, publicada en 1931. En primer lugar, se revisan las diferentes consideraciones que ha tenido la obra narrativa del autor por parte de la bibliografía precedente y, más adelante, se destaca la parodia como uno de los aspectos más relevantes que cabe considerar. Posteriormente, se describe el concepto de parodia y se analiza su efectividad en la novela trabaliana. Este análisis de la parodia en la novela de Trabal permite ver el juego de distanciamiento irónico de Trabal contra el modelo y los valores promovidos por la novela deportiva de la época.
Palabras clave: parodia, novela deportiva, Francesc Trabal, literatura catalana, ironía intertextual
Abstract:
The paper aims to study the importance of parody in Francesc Trabal through the analysis of the novel Quo Vadis, Sànchez?, published in 1931. Firstly, we examine the different considerations about the narrative work of the author shown in previous studies and, later, we underline parody as one of the most relevant aspects for examination. Subsequently, we describe the concept of parody and then we analyse its efficacy in this novel. The analysis of parody lets us understand Trabal’s game of ironic distance against the model and the values promoted by the sport novel from the period.
Keywords: parody, sport novel, Francesc Trabal, Catalan literature, intertextual irony
Social - Recreatiu - 1963
No full textDesembre 1963 — Personal que va assistir a la inauguració del 'Salon Club' en les instal·lacions del Centre. Veiem entre d’altres, Francesc Daumal, Romà Janué, Francesc Calafell, Pilar Fàbrega, J. Avilés, Romà Janué, Joaquim Aguiló, Núria Pulgar, Pilar Riudor, Pilar Álvarez, Josep Guerrero, Núria Viltró, M. Riudor, Rosario Avilés i Carles Vidal
The analysis of variation of mtDNA hypervariable region 1 suggests that Eastern and Western Pygmies diverged before the Bantu expansion
No full textThe Eastern Pygmies from Zaire and Western Pygmies from Cameroon, Congo, and the Central African Republic represent the two principal groups of African Pygmies. In the "recent divergence" hypothesis in which Western Pygmies are thought to be the result of hybridization between the ancestors of Eastern Pygmies and Bantu farmers who penetrated the equatorial belt and came into contact with Pygmies around 2-3 kiloyears ago. On the basis of recent archaeological research in the tropical rain forest, we propose a "pre-Bantu divergence" hypothesis, which posits the separation between the ancestors of Eastern and Western Pygmies earlier than 18 kiloyears ago. In order to test the two hypotheses, we analyzed the variation of the hypervariable region I of the mitochondrial DNA in the Mbenzele, Western Pygmies of the Central African Republic, and compared our results with those of previous mtDNA and Y chromosome studies. Distribution, sequence variation, and age of haplogroups along with genetic distances among populations, estimates of divergence times, and simulations based on the coalescent approach were found to be congruent with the pre-Bantu divergence but failed to support the recent divergence hypothesis
Brief communication: mtDNA variation in North Cameroon: Lack of Asian lineages and implications for back migration from Asia to sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThe hypervariable region-1 and four nucleotide positions (10400, 10873, 12308, and 12705) of the coding region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were analyzed in 441 individuals belonging to eight populations (Daba, Fali, Fulbe, Mandara, Uldeme, Podokwo, Tali, and Tupuri) from North Cameroon and four populations (Bakaka, Bassa, Bamileke, and Ewondo) from South Cameroon. All mtDNAs were assigned to five haplogroups: three sub-Saharan (L1, L2, and L3), one northern African (U6), and one European (U5). Our results contrast with the observed high frequencies of a Y-chromosome haplogroup of probable Asian origin (R1*-M173) in North Cameroon. As a first step toward a better understanding of the evident discrepancy between mtDNA and Y-chromosome data, we propose two contrasting scenarios. The first one, here termed "migration and asymmetric admixture," implies a back migration from Asia to North Cameroon of a population group carrying the haplotype R1*-M173 at high frequency, and an admixture process restricted to migrant males. The second scenario, on the other hand, temed "divergent drift," implies that modern populations of North Cameroon originated from a small population group which migrated from Asia to Africa and in which, through genetic drift, Y-chromosome haplotype R1*-M173 became predominant, whereas the Asian mtDNA haplogroups were lost
Hàndbol - Dècada 1960
No full textPartit Festa Major de Handbol
Dècada 1960-1970
Drets: Esteve Camps, Tomàs Vidal, Francesc Martí, Ricard Sánchez-Rico, Ricard Llorens, Antoni Fàbrega.
Ajupits: Joan Jarauta, Francisco de P. Calafell, Cano, Jordi Dotú, Josep Solanas, Joaquim Aguiló, Amadeu Aguiló
Hàndbol - 1964
No full textFormació d’un equip de l’època, veiem a Antoni Fàbrega (preparador) i als jugadors: Jordi Dotú, Ricard Sánchez-Rico, Quim Martí, Pere Feliu, X. Jarauta, J. Solanas i Francesc Calafell
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